1 of 148

An English Civil War Adventure�

2 of 148

Roles

3 of 148

Puritan Merchant

You are a London Puritan merchant in the 1620s. Your faith calls for simple worship and strict morals, while your business depends on stable trade. You are uneasy with Archbishop Laud’s ‘popish’ reforms and fear the king’s taxation policies. Yet you also want peace—war could ruin your shipping and profits.

Goal: Protect your business while staying true to your faith.

Begin Adventure

4 of 148

Crisis 1 (1629–1640): The King’s Personal Rule

London, 1637.�For eleven years, King Charles has ruled without Parliament. He raises money through “ship money,” demanding taxes in peacetime, and fines landowners for old feudal dues. Archbishop Laud enforces elaborate ceremonies, rails, and vestments in churches, sparking outrage among Puritans.

On Sundays, sermons ring with warnings of “popery” returning. Merchants complain of unfair taxes. Pamphlets circulate in secret, attacking the king’s ministers. For now, Charles governs firmly — but resentment brews beneath the surface.

The question is: do you align with the king’s authority, push back with Parliament’s allies, or try to keep your head down until the storm passes?

5 of 148

Consequences

You gain favor with royal officials and may secure shipping contracts—but Puritan neighbors whisper you are betraying godly values. Long-term, you are vulnerable if Parliament returns.

Continue

6 of 148

Consequences

You discreetly back petitions against Laud and ship money. You risk being fined or imprisoned, but you build ties with powerful Parliamentarians like Pym and Hampden.

Continue

7 of 148

Consequences

You profit in the short term, but both Crown and Parliament notice your wealth. Before long, neutrality is impossible.

Continue

8 of 148

Crisis 2 (1637–1638): The Bishops’ Wars & Scotland

Edinburgh, 1637.�When Charles imposes the English Prayer Book on Scotland, riots erupt in St. Giles’ Cathedral. Scottish nobles and ministers sign the National Covenant, swearing to defend their Presbyterian kirk against “popish innovations.” The kingdom edges toward rebellion.

Charles scrambles to raise an English army without Parliament. The Bishops’ Wars begin, draining his treasury and exposing his weakness. Defeat forces him to recall Parliament in desperation.

Do you support Charles’s religious authority, sympathize with the Covenanters’ defiance, or call for moderation to avoid war?

9 of 148

Consequences

You hope obedience brings stability, but Puritan allies in London whisper that you’ve betrayed godly reform. If Charles falters, your loyalty may cost your reputation.

Continue

10 of 148

Consequences

You admire Scotland’s resistance to “popish” reforms. You gain respect among London Puritans, but risk fines or surveillance from Laud’s agents.

Continue

11 of 148

Consequences

You urge dialogue. You avoid immediate danger, but radicals see you as cowardly, and Royalists doubt your loyalty.

Continue

12 of 148

Crisis 3 (1640): The Short & Long Parliaments

Westminster, 1640.�War with Scotland has drained the king’s treasury. Desperate for money, Charles recalls Parliament after more than a decade.

The Short Parliament (April) refuses funds and is dissolved in weeks. By November, the “Long Parliament” convenes — and London is ablaze with excitement. Parliament impeaches Strafford, executes him, and abolishes the hated Star Chamber. The Triennial Act forces Charles to summon Parliament every three years.

Outside Westminster, crowds chant for reform. But moderates whisper that the radicals will go too far. Pamphlets call Charles a tyrant; loyalists warn that Parliament threatens monarchy itself.

Do you throw your lot in with the reformers, argue for compromise, or side with the king?

13 of 148

Consequences

You become a visible ally of Parliament. Your trade network grows under Puritan trust. But Royalists brand you a traitor.

Continue

14 of 148

Consequences

You seek middle ground. Moderates welcome you, but both radicals and Royalists distrust your lack of conviction.

Continue

15 of 148

Consequences

You hope a strong king protects commerce. But mobs riot outside your shop, branding you an enemy of the godly.

Continue

16 of 148

Crisis 4 (1642): Outbreak of Civil War

London, Summer 1642.�Tension explodes. Charles marches into Parliament with soldiers to arrest his critics — but they slip away. Outrage fills the streets. Soon after, he raises his royal standard at Nottingham. The kingdom is split: Cavaliers for the king, Roundheads for Parliament.

In London, Parliament rallies support: militias muster, preachers thunder, and merchants pour coin into the cause. The king draws nobles, country gentlemen, and loyal Anglicans. Families are torn apart as fathers, sons, and neighbors pick different sides.

The war has begun — and neutrality is nearly impossible.

Do you raise your sword or purse for Parliament, back the king despite the risks, or gamble on staying out?

17 of 148

Consequences

You gain influence in Parliament. The New Model Army benefits from your supplies. Yet if the Royalists win, your assets will be seized.

Continue

18 of 148

Consequences

You quietly back the king, hoping to secure lucrative monopolies later. If discovered, you risk ruin or imprisonment.

Continue

19 of 148

Consequences

You bribe both sides, but in chaotic war neither side respects neutrality. Raiders loot your warehouses.

Continue

20 of 148

Crisis 5 (1645): Naseby & the Turning of the Tide

England, 1645.�The Civil War rages. Parliament reorganizes its forces into the New Model Army, led by Fairfax and Cromwell. At Naseby, Parliament crushes the king’s army and captures his letters, revealing secret pleas for Catholic aid. Trust in Charles evaporates.

Victory emboldens radicals. The Levellers speak of voting rights and equality before the law. Religious Independents demand freedom of conscience. But many in Parliament still want a king — just a weaker one. Scotland eyes its own advantage, demanding Presbyterian supremacy.

The war’s outcome seems within reach, but the kingdom’s future is wide open.

Do you push for radical change, back negotiation to restore monarchy under limits, or resist both and cling to royal authority?

21 of 148

Consequences

You stand for justice and reform. But you alienate moderates, and radicals are soon suppressed by Cromwell.

Continue

22 of 148

Consequences

You back negotiations. This could preserve monarchy and stability for trade—but radicals see you as a sellout, and the king is untrustworthy.

Continue

23 of 148

Consequences

You gamble on royal return. Parliament suspects you; mobs harass your business.

Continue

24 of 148

Crisis 6 (1649): Trial of the King

Westminster Hall, January 1649.�Charles sits before a court convened by Parliament — accused of treason against his people. He refuses to recognize its authority: “I am your lawful king, not your subject.”

London is gripped with tension. Radicals cheer for justice, moderates plead for mercy, Royalists mourn. Pamphlets and sermons rage on every corner. Soldiers guard the hall, their pikes gleaming in the cold.

The sentence is not yet decided. Some demand his death to secure liberty. Others call for exile, or imprisonment. A few urge silence — fearing bloodshed either way.

Do you stand for execution, argue for mercy, or withdraw from judgment?

25 of 148

Consequences

You back regicide. You rise in influence during the Commonwealth, but risk vengeance if monarchy is ever restored.

Continue

26 of 148

Consequences

You oppose execution. You are sidelined politically but may be safer if monarchy returns.

Continue

27 of 148

Consequences

You try to stay out. You survive but have no voice in the new republic.

Continue

28 of 148

Endings for the Puritan Merchant��Return

Prosperous Republican (if you supported execution and Commonwealth trade thrives).

Moderate Survivor (if you backed compromise).

Ruined Traitor (if you were discovered aiding the king).

29 of 148

Royalist Noble

You are a noble landowner, loyal to king and church. Your wealth and rank depend on the crown. You believe order flows from monarchy and bishops. You fear Parliament empowering commoners and Puritans threatening the Church.�

Goal: Preserve your status, your land, and the monarchy.

Begin

30 of 148

Crisis 1 (1629–1640): The King’s Personal Rule

Whitehall and your country estate, late 1630s.

King Charles has dissolved Parliament. For eleven years he rules alone, demanding ship money from nobles across the kingdom — not just coastal towns. Commissioners ride out to enforce these taxes, bearing royal writs and sharp tongues. Archbishop Laud pushes “beauty of holiness”: altar rails, vestments, bowing at the name of Jesus. Puritans mutter that it smells of Rome.

At court, Charles appears dignified and resolute, defending divine right. In London, sermons thunder against tyranny. Neighbors whisper whether nobles like you will stand with the king — or with reformers.

Choices:

31 of 148

Consequence

You pay ship money dutifully. Charles’s officials nod approvingly; you may even gain a royal contract. Yet Puritans whisper your name with contempt.

Continue

32 of 148

Consequence

You delay or refuse payment. Word spreads, and courtiers scorn you. Fines loom, but Puritan gentry clap you on the back.

Continue

33 of 148

Consequence

You try to avoid notice. But neutrality is weakness; both royal officials and Puritan neighbors mistrust your silence.

Continue

34 of 148

Crisis 2 (1637–1638): Bishops’ Wars & Scotland

Edinburgh, 1637; the Borders, 1638.

Charles orders the new English Prayer Book read in St. Giles’ Cathedral. Chaos erupts — a stool flies through the air at the dean’s head, and riots spread. Scottish nobles and ministers sign the National Covenant, vowing to defend their kirk against bishops.

Charles calls upon his nobles to raise money and men for a war against the Scots. Letters arrive at your manor, sealed with the king’s crest. Do you bleed your coffers for the crown? Or dare you admit the Scots might have a point?

Choices:

35 of 148

Consequence

You provide funds and men. Charles praises your loyalty. But the Scottish rebels curse your name, and your purse is drained.

Continue

36 of 148

Consequence

You quietly admire their defense of faith. If discovered, you would be branded a traitor at court.

Continue

37 of 148

Consequence

You counsel peace, warning war is folly. Some moderates in Parliament agree, but courtiers whisper you lack courage.

Continue

38 of 148

Crisis 3 (1640): The Short & Long Parliaments

Westminster, winter 1640.

Defeated in Scotland, Charles recalls Parliament. The Short Parliament refuses funds and is dismissed. Later that year, the Long Parliament impeaches Strafford, abolishes the Star Chamber, and passes the Triennial Act. London surges with excitement; pamphlets and petitions spill from the presses.

In Parliament, radical voices grow bolder, calling bishops antichristian and the king a tyrant. Outside, mobs march through the streets, waving petitions and chanting.

Choices:

39 of 148

Consequence

You betray your noble peers, siding with Parliament. You gain some safety, but your honor suffers.

Continue

40 of 148

Consequence

You seek moderation, backing some reform but defending monarchy. You survive — but both radicals and hardline Royalists distrust you.

Continue

41 of 148

Consequence

You raise your voice for the king. Loyalists cheer, but London mobs besiege your townhouse, hurling stones at your windows.

Continue

42 of 148

Crisis 4 (1641): The Irish Rebellion

Ireland, autumn 1641.

News arrives of Catholic uprisings in Ulster. Rumors of massacres swirl, growing with every telling. In England, horror spreads. Parliament demands the right to raise an army to crush the Irish. Charles insists only he can command troops. Whoever holds the sword may soon hold England itself.

Choices:

43 of 148

Consequence

You defend monarchy. But Puritans murmur that Catholics hide behind your loyalty. Suspicion clings to you.

Continue

44 of 148

Consequence

You side with Parliament. You earn safety in London but alienate the court. Your peers call you traitor to your class.

Continue

45 of 148

Consequence

You withdraw. Both king and Parliament demand levies from your tenants. Neutrality wins you no protection.

Continue

46 of 148

Crisis 5 (1642): Outbreak of Civil War

Nottingham, August 1642.

After months of tension, Charles I rides into Nottingham and raises his royal standard. The banner whips in the wind, but only a small crowd gathers — fewer than he had hoped. Meanwhile, Parliament controls London, with its wealth, ports, and print presses.

Across England, county musters divide communities. Noble families arm their tenants, raising cavalry for the Cavaliers or militia for the Roundheads. Pamphlets slander the king as a tyrant and Parliament as rebels. For a noble like you, the choice is no longer private — your tenants expect leadership, your peers demand loyalty, and your estates will be targeted by whichever side you deny. To stand aside is to appear weak. To choose wrongly could destroy generations of family honor and property.

Choices:

  • Ride as a Cavalier. Take up arms for the king, rallying your tenants.
  • Join Parliament. Betray your noble peers, but perhaps protect your land.
  • Attempt neutrality. Avoid direct war, hoping both sides will spare your estates.

47 of 148

Consequence

You fight with honor. But if the king loses, Parliament will strip your lands.

Continue

48 of 148

Consequence

You betray your class, but if Parliament wins, your estates may be spared. Your peers spit on your name.

Continue

49 of 148

Consequence

You cling to neutrality. Yet both sides raid your estates, and your tenants lose faith in your protection.

Continue

50 of 148

Crisis 6 (1645): Naseby & Turning of the Tide

Northamptonshire, June 1645.

The war has dragged on for three years. Villages lie in ashes, fields trampled by marching boots. Your coffers bleed with levies and supply demands. Then comes the hammer blow: at Naseby, Parliament’s New Model Army smashes the king’s forces.

You hear reports of grim efficiency: red-coated soldiers in disciplined ranks, cavalry led by Cromwell’s iron resolve. Worse, Charles’s secret letters are captured, revealing pleas to Catholic monarchs for aid. Even some loyal nobles blanch — his bargaining with Rome makes him look desperate, even treacherous.

The Cavaliers’ spirit is battered, but not all is lost. Some cling to honor, vowing to fight to the end. Others whisper that negotiation is the only hope to preserve estates and the monarchy itself. Still others withdraw, tending only to their lands, waiting for the storm to pass.

Choices:

51 of 148

Consequence

You cling to loyalty, even as defeat looms. Capture, exile, or death await.

Continue

52 of 148

Consequence

You court Parliament’s favor. You may preserve your land, but Royalists scorn your betrayal.

Continue

53 of 148

Consequence

You retreat from war. Armies still seize your grain, and your influence withers.

Continue

54 of 148

Crisis 7 (1649): Trial & Execution of Charles I

Westminster Hall, January 1649.

The unthinkable unfolds. King Charles I is brought to trial, seated before a High Court of Justice. He stands proud, refusing to remove his hat, denying their authority: “I am your lawful king. By what right do you sit in judgment of me?”

London is tense, soldiers lining the streets, their pikes gleaming in the cold. Pamphlets litter the cobbles: some call for justice, others warn of sacrilege. Radical preachers thunder that the king has betrayed his people. Royalist whispers huddle in dark corners, fearing spies.

As a noble, your world has been turned upside down. The monarch who embodied your family’s honor is now accused as a criminal. To side with Parliament is to betray centuries of loyalty. To resist is to risk imprisonment or exile. Silence might protect your body — but what of your name?

Choices:

  • Oppose execution. Stand by your king, denouncing the trial.
  • Urge exile or imprisonment. Accept limits on monarchy but preserve the crown in some form.
  • Refuse to take part. Withdraw into silence, neither defending nor condemning.

55 of 148

Consequence

You are loyal to the end. When Charles is executed, you risk exile, confiscation, or death.

Continue

56 of 148

Consequence

You beg for mercy. You are ignored, but if monarchy returns, you may be honored.

Continue

57 of 148

Consequence

You remain silent. You survive, but history forgets you. Your honor is gone, and you no longer deserve to be noble…

Continue

58 of 148

Ending for the Royalits Noble��Return

Loyalist Martyr → You die in exile or lose your estates, remembered for your loyalty.

Pragmatic Survivor → You compromise enough to survive under Parliament, but your honor is tainted.

Broken Neutral → You keep your life and land, but your name carries no weight, your family’s prestige eroded.

59 of 148

Parliamentarian Solider

You are Thomas Cooper, son of a tenant farmer. Life has always been hard — poor harvests, high rents, and the arrogance of nobles who take your labor for granted. But preachers in the village square speak of liberty, of God’s law above kings, of the chance for a new England. You’ve joined Parliament’s ranks, first as a militia man, then in Cromwell’s New Model Army. The war has given you purpose, but also grief. You fear that the great men in Parliament will betray your sacrifice, leaving common folk no better off than before.

Goal: Fight for Parliament’s cause and secure justice for ordinary people.

Begin

60 of 148

Crisis 1 (1629–1640): The King’s Personal Rule

Your village, late 1630s.

Charles has dissolved Parliament. His tax collectors now ride into even the smallest villages, demanding “ship money” from farmers like your father. Refuse, and the sheriff seizes your best cow. Pay, and you go hungry in winter.

In church, Archbishop Laud’s ceremonies — bowing, incense, rails before the altar — unsettle you. It feels too close to Rome. Puritan ministers are silenced or driven underground, but their words linger: a king who breaks covenant with God breaks covenant with his people.

Choices:

61 of 148

Consequence

You obey. Your family avoids fines, but bitterness festers — each coin surrendered feels stolen.

Continue

62 of 148

Consequence

You hear words of liberty in hidden barns by lantern-light. If discovered, you risk jail, but your conscience is awakened.

Continue

63 of 148

Consequence

You say nothing, head down. Your life is spared trouble for now, but you begin to feel powerless in the face of tyranny.

Continue

64 of 148

Crisis 2 (1637–1638): The Bishops’ Wars & Scotland

News crackles through the taverns like fire.

In Edinburgh, a woman flings a stool at the dean’s head during the reading of Charles’s new prayer book. Riots spread. Scottish nobles and ministers sign the National Covenant, swearing to defend their kirk against bishops. Charles raises an army, but stories spread that his men are poorly paid, ill-supplied, and unwilling.

For the first time, ordinary people have openly defied a king — and forced him onto the back foot.

Choices:

  • Support Charles. A king’s rule is ordained by God.
  • Admire the Scots. If they can resist, why not England?
  • Pray for peace. Hope bloodshed can still be avoided.

65 of 148

Consequence

You swallow resentment. But obedience tastes bitter, and each ceremony at church feels like betrayal.

Continue

66 of 148

Consequence

Your heart burns at their courage. You begin to believe resistance is possible, even righteous.

Continue

67 of 148

Consequence

You sigh for peace, but zealots on both sides see your caution as cowardice. You are pushed toward a decision whether you want it or not.

Continue

68 of 148

Crisis 3 (1640): The Short & Long Parliaments

Westminster, winter 1640.

Charles, defeated and broke, calls Parliament. The “Short Parliament” refuses him money and is dissolved. By November, the “Long Parliament” is bolder: Strafford is impeached and executed, the hated Star Chamber is abolished, and the Triennial Act demands that Parliament meet regularly.

In taverns, people cheer. Pamphlets circulate everywhere, denouncing tyranny. Soldiers who fought in Scotland speak of liberty. Preachers claim Parliament is defending the nation’s soul.

Choices:

69 of 148

Consequence

You feel alive with hope. Perhaps a new England can be born. But Royalists mutter that rebels should hang.

Continue

70 of 148

Consequence

You seek the middle way. But radicals dismiss you, and Royalists despise you. You are left mistrusted by both.

Continue

71 of 148

Consequence

You defend the king. Your conscience gnaws at you; among commoners, you are branded a lackey.

Continue

72 of 148

Crisis 4 (1641): The Irish Rebellion

England, autumn 1641.

Shocking rumors spread: Catholics in Ireland have risen against Protestant settlers. Tales of massacres — children cut down, women stripped and slain — multiply, true or not. Fear grips the countryside.

Parliament demands control of an army to crush the Irish, but Charles insists only he can lead. Soldiers whisper: if Charles commands, he may turn that same army against Parliament.

Choices:

73 of 148

Consequence

You shiver with regret. Charles’s Catholic ties make you uneasy; what if he uses the army on Parliament?

Continue

74 of 148

Consequence

You trust Parliament. Many common folk agree — better Parliament than a king suspected of popery.

Continue

75 of 148

Consequence

You turn away. But others scorn your apathy: while you sit idle, great matters shape your fate.

Continue

76 of 148

Crisis 5 (1642): Outbreak of Civil War

London, summer 1642.

Charles storms Parliament with armed men to arrest his critics — they escape, but outrage sweeps the city. Not long after, he raises his banner at Nottingham. Parliament musters militias, London bristles with fortifications, and preachers thunder of holy war.

Neutrality is nearly impossible. Neighbors choose sides, brothers take up arms against each other. The drums of war echo across England.

Choices:

  • Join Parliament’s army. Take up musket and pike for liberty.
  • Join the king. Tradition and order must prevail.
  • Refuse to fight. Stay home, hope war passes you by.

77 of 148

Consequence

You drill in Parliament’s ranks. Harsh discipline, long marches — but your heart pounds with purpose.

Continue

78 of 148

Consequence

You ride with Cavaliers. Your conscience torments you, and neighbors spit as you pass.

Continue

79 of 148

Consequence

You hide at home. But press-gangs seize men, and your fields are plundered by marching armies. Neutrality dies.

Continue

80 of 148

Crisis 6 (1645): Naseby & the Turning of the Tide

Northamptonshire, June 1645.

The day is bloody. At Naseby, you fight shoulder to shoulder with the New Model Army. Discipline and firepower triumph — the Cavaliers break, their banners trampled in the mud. Among the spoils are the king’s secret letters begging Catholic monarchs for aid. When word spreads, trust in Charles collapses.

In camp, debates rage. Levellers call for suffrage for all men, equality before the law, freedom of conscience. Cromwell and grandees urge caution: victory must not descend into anarchy.

Choices:

81 of 148

Consequence

You sign petitions, join debates in the rain. Your passion grows, but Cromwell cracks down, branding you a danger.

Continue

82 of 148

Consequence

You argue for balance. Some reform is possible, but your hopes of equality die.

Continue

83 of 148

Consequence

You salute and obey. You survive, but watch your comrades’ dreams crushed beneath discipline.

Continue

84 of 148

Crisis 7 (1649): Trial & Execution of Charles I

Westminster Hall, January 1649.

The king himself stands trial. He refuses to bow, declaring: “I am your lawful king. By what authority do you judge me?” The hall echoes with murmurs, while outside soldiers like you stand guard, pikes gleaming in the winter air.

Radical preachers thunder that Charles must die for his treason. Moderates plead for mercy — exile, imprisonment, anything but regicide. You feel the weight of history pressing on your shoulders: will England be free, or descend into chaos?

Choices:

  • Support execution. The king betrayed his people; justice demands his death.
  • Argue mercy. Spare his life, preserve monarchy in some form.
  • Stay silent. Keep your head down, avoid judgment.

85 of 148

Consequence

You stand firm. The axe falls at Whitehall. A Commonwealth is born — but you sense Cromwell’s hand tightening on power.

Continue

86 of 148

Consequence

You plead for mercy. Radicals curse you; your words are ignored. Yet if monarchy returns, you may survive.

Continue

87 of 148

Consequence

You remain quiet. You live, but history passes you by. You vanish into obscurity, your sacrifices forgotten.

Continue

88 of 148

Ending for the Parliamentarian Soldier��Return

Radical Revolutionary → You champion the Levellers, only to be crushed by Cromwell. History forgets your name, but your ideas live on.

Loyal Soldier → You serve faithfully, survive the war, but see little change for men like you.

Silent Survivor → You avoid risk, survive in anonymity, but your cause dies with your silence.

89 of 148

Scottish Covenanter

You are Alexander McLeod, laird of a small estate outside Edinburgh and sworn Presbyterian. Your kirk is simple and stern: psalms sung without instruments, ministers elected by congregations, elders guiding the faithful. Christ alone is head of the Church.

But Charles I presses bishops upon Scotland, and his Archbishop Laud tries to force an alien Prayer Book upon your people. To accept would be to betray the covenant with God. From market stalls to pulpits, resistance brews.

Scotland will not kneel — but whether she stands beside England’s Parliament, against her king, or apart altogether is still to be decided.*

Goal: Defend the kirk, preserve Scottish independence, and avoid betrayal by English allies.

Begin

90 of 148

Crisis 1 (1629–1640): The King’s Personal Rule

Edinburgh, 1638.

In England, Charles rules without Parliament, but in Scotland his meddling cuts to the soul. Royal commissioners fine families for failing to bow at communion, and bishops scold ministers who preach “rebellious” sermons.

In the wynds and closes of Edinburgh, whispers pass: “The king would sooner see us bow to Rome than stand for Christ.” Kirk elders gather secretly to pray. Yet some nobles still attend court, seeking the king’s favor.

Choices:

  • Submit. Endure bishops’ rule and keep peace with the crown.
  • Resist quietly. Attend forbidden sermons, harbor ministers.
  • Stay cautious. Keep worship plain but avoid public defiance.

91 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: Royal officers note your loyalty. You are safe from fines, and bishops favor you.
  • Long-term: Neighbors glare in kirk. Elders whisper you are false to Christ. When rebellion brews, you’ll be branded a traitor.

Continue

92 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You slip into barns by candlelight to hear banned sermons. The words set your soul alight.
  • Long-term: You risk arrest, but you are trusted by fellow Covenanters. When the Covenant rises, you will have allies.

Continue

93 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You avoid confrontation. Your estate is quiet, your tenants undisturbed.
  • Long-term: Both sides mistrust you. When the storm comes, you may find no friends.

Continue

94 of 148

Crisis 2 (1637–1638): Bishops’ Wars & the National Covenant

St. Giles’ Cathedral, Edinburgh, July 1637.

The new English Prayer Book is read aloud. Suddenly, Jenny Geddes, a market-woman, hurls her stool at the dean’s head, shouting, “Villain, dost thou say mass at my lug?” Chaos erupts. Stools, psalters, and fists fly. Outside, crowds roar “No Bishops! No Popery!”

In 1638, thousands gather in Greyfriars Kirkyard. Ministers, nobles, and common folk sign the National Covenant, pledging to defend Presbyterianism “unto the death.” The air smells of wax and damp earth, the sound of quills scratching upon parchment mingling with psalms sung by the crowd.

Choices:

  • Support Charles. Stand with bishops and crown.
  • Sign the Covenant. Defend Christ’s kirk.
  • Counsel moderation. Urge peace before blood is spilled.

95 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: Royal bishops praise your loyalty. You are offered influence, perhaps even court favor.
  • Long-term: Your countrymen despise you as a Judas to Christ. When Scotland unites under the Covenant, you and your family are branded enemies of the people.

Continue

96 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You stand shoulder to shoulder with nobles, ministers, and townsfolk, singing psalms as quills scratch across parchment. The crowd roars approval.
  • Long-term: You gain honor as a defender of the kirk. But you know Charles will not forget. His wrath will fall on Covenant signers first when war returns.

Continue

97 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You urge restraint, warning that blood will be shed if rebellion grows. Some nod, but most sneer at your weakness.
  • Long-term: When war breaks out, neither side trusts you. You lose credibility with your peers and risk being isolated.

Continue

98 of 148

Crisis 3 (1640): The Short & Long Parliaments

Westminster, 1640.

Defeated in the Bishops’ Wars, Charles recalls Parliament. The Short Parliament is dismissed in weeks, but the Long Parliament passes sweeping reforms: Strafford impeached and executed, Star Chamber abolished, the Triennial Act enacted.

Pamphlets pour from London presses, dripping with ink and rage: “No Bishops!”The King is a Tyrant!” The Thames carries these pages north, and soon Edinburgh taverns buzz with them.

English Puritans look like allies — but are they only using Scotland?

Choices:

99 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You shake hands with English Puritans, praising their boldness. They welcome your voice.
  • Long-term: Englishmen remain wary of Scots meddling in their politics. You risk being used as a tool — valued in war, discarded in peace.

Continue

100 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You back some reform but warn against tearing down monarchy. Moderates respect you.
  • Long-term: Charles despises your hesitation, radicals scorn you. You may end up friendless, neither trusted nor hated enough to matter.

Continue

101 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You side with Charles openly. Bishops nod their thanks.
  • Long-term: Your countrymen call you false to the Covenant. You are branded a royalist lackey, and your kirk may cast you out.

Continue

102 of 148

Crisis 4 (1641): The Irish Rebellion

News from Ulster shakes Scotland.

Protestant settlers tell wild tales of Catholic mobs slaying men, women, and children. Whether rumor or truth, the fear is real. Parliament insists it must raise an army to punish the Irish. Charles demands the sword for himself.

In Edinburgh, nobles mutter: if England arms, will their swords stay in Ireland? Or will they march north against the Covenant?

Choices:

103 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You affirm royal authority. Courtiers smile at your loyalty.
  • Long-term: Parliament whispers that you sympathize with papists. At home, kirk elders eye you with suspicion, fearing you’ve betrayed the Covenant.

Continue

104 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You join Puritans demanding Parliament lead. They welcome you, seeing common cause.
  • Long-term: When Parliament no longer needs Scottish soldiers, they may discard your demands. You risk trading one master for another.

Continue

105 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You hold back. Your men remain at home, your coffers intact.
  • Long-term: Both king and Parliament label you unreliable. When decisions are made, you will have no voice.

Continue

106 of 148

Crisis 5 (1642): Outbreak of Civil War

Nottingham, August 1642.

Charles raises his banner, Parliament its militias. England splits. Scotland stands at a crossroads: do you intervene for Parliament in exchange for promises of Presbyterianism in England, support Charles and hope for mercy, or guard Scotland’s independence and let the English bleed each other dry?

The sound of drums and sermons fills the air on both sides of the border.

Choices:

  • Ally with Parliament. Demand Presbyterianism in return.
  • Side with Charles. Hope monarchy yields to kirk.
  • Stay neutral. Defend Scotland alone.

107 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You send Scots south, singing psalms as you march. Victories bring honor.
  • Long-term: English allies grumble that the Scots demand too much. Once Parliament grows strong, it may cast you aside.

Continue

108 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You swear loyalty to monarchy. The king praises your service.
  • Long-term: Charles despises Presbyterianism and secretly begs Catholics for aid. When this is revealed, your cause collapses with his.

Continue

109 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You guard Scotland’s borders, keeping men safe at home.
  • Long-term: England settles its fate without you. Scotland’s voice fades, your kirk ignored.

Continue

110 of 148

Crisis 6 (1645): Naseby & Turning of the Tide

Battlefield, June 1645.

From the hills, you see the king’s banners fall. Parliament’s New Model Army, drilled and disciplined, routs the Cavaliers at Naseby. Charles’s secret letters — begging Catholic monarchs for aid — are paraded through London. Even those who once defended him fall silent in shame.

But your own cause falters. The English Independents demand liberty of conscience, letting sects worship as they please. Levellers call for votes for all men. To a Covenanter, this is chaos. One kirk, one covenant — that is God’s will.

Choices:

111 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You embrace liberty of conscience. English sects cheer your open-mindedness.
  • Long-term: Your own kirk brands you apostate. You lose standing among Scots, and your Covenant oath is broken.

Continue

112 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You urge compromise: monarchy restrained, not destroyed. Moderates thank you for calm words.
  • Long-term: You keep a seat at the table, but Presbyterians rage at your weakness. The dream of one kirk slips away.

Continue

113 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You insist Parliament impose Presbyterianism across Britain. Your allies in Scotland cheer you.
  • Long-term: English allies balk. They see Scots as overreaching meddlers. The alliance frays, your influence dwindles.

Continue

114 of 148

Crisis 7 (1649): Trial & Execution of Charles I

Westminster Hall, January 1649.

Charles stands on trial for treason. He refuses to remove his hat, sneering: “I am your king. By what authority do you judge me?” Soldiers line the streets; pamphlets scream for justice or mercy.

In Scotland, horror spreads. To kill a king is to kill the natural order. Yet others whisper: has he not betrayed us, sought Catholic help, and tried to crush our kirk?

Choices:

  • Support execution. A traitor king must die.
  • Call for exile. Spare him, preserve monarchy in some form.
  • Wash your hands. Scotland must not be stained by regicide.

115 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You declare the king must die for betraying God’s people. Radicals applaud your courage.
  • Long-term: Most Scots recoil in horror. You are branded extreme, risking isolation at home.

Continue

116 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You plead for mercy. Some moderates nod, but radicals ignore you.
  • Long-term: If monarchy returns, you may be vindicated. If not, your voice is forgotten in the noise of revolution.

Continue

117 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You wash your hands of blood. Scotland stays unstained by regicide.
  • Long-term: England decides without you. The Commonwealth rises, and Scotland is sidelined.

Continue

118 of 148

Ending for Scottish Covenanter��Return��

Presbyterian Defender → You stood for the kirk, but English Parliament betrayed your cause when sectarian liberty triumphed.

Betrayed Ally → You fought bravely alongside Parliament, only to be sidelined as Independents and radicals gained power.

Silent Scot → You avoided entanglement, but Scotland’s fate was decided in Westminster without you.

119 of 148

Catholic Aristocrat

You are Lady Margaret FitzGerald, a Catholic noblewoman. Your family holds lands in Ireland, and kin across England. You are wealthy but despised. Catholics are forbidden to hold office, to attend Mass openly, or to educate their children in the old faith. Yet the king has sometimes protected you — turning a blind eye, granting indulgences, or pardoning recusancy fines.

To survive, you cling to monarchy. But as Puritans gain strength in Parliament, their sermons grow sharper: Catholics are “idolatrous traitors,” “servants of Rome.” If Parliament triumphs, will your family’s estates be seized? If Charles fails, will Catholic lives be hunted to extinction?*

Goal: Protect your family’s estates and faith in a hostile kingdom.

Begin

120 of 148

Crisis 1 (1629–1640): The King’s Personal Rule

England, late 1630s.

Charles rules without Parliament. He raises funds through old feudal dues and ship money. Archbishop Laud introduces elaborate ceremonies into the Church of England, and Puritans rage that it looks “too Catholic.” For a brief moment, you breathe easier. Charles does not openly favor Catholics, but at least Laud makes Protestants uneasy.

Yet neighbors mutter, “The Papists grow bold again.” Each Mass you hear in secret risks discovery.

Choices:

  • Support the king. Pay gladly, rely on monarchy’s protection.
  • Resist quietly. Avoid his taxes, try to keep wealth hidden.
  • Stay invisible. Withdraw from politics, hope not to be noticed.

121 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: Charles’s officials turn a blind eye to your recusancy fines.
  • Long-term: If Parliament regains power, your loyalty to Charles marks you for ruin.

Continue

122 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You keep more wealth, but royal officials threaten seizure.
  • Long-term: Neither king nor Parliament trusts you; you risk losing allies on both sides.

Continue

123 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You avoid trouble, no one mentions your name in court.
  • Long-term: Silence offers safety, but when the storm breaks, you may be powerless.

Continue

124 of 148

Crisis 2 (1637–1638): Bishops’ Wars & Scotland

News spreads north and south.

In Scotland, riots break out over Charles’s new Prayer Book. Nobles and ministers sign the National Covenant, vowing to defend their kirk. Puritans in England cheer. To you, it feels like danger: if Charles bows to Presbyterians, will he abandon Catholics next?

Choices:

125 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You are reassured — only a strong king can hold back mobs.
  • Long-term: Puritans whisper louder that Charles is “a papist at heart,” and by extension, so are you.

Continue

126 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You admire their courage, but they despise Catholics as much as bishops.
  • Long-term: If Scots triumph, Catholic worship will be hunted to extinction.

Continue

127 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You remain quiet in your estate chapel.
  • Long-term: Your silence saves you for now, but in the years ahead, neither crown nor kirk sees you as an ally.

Continue

128 of 148

Crisis 3 (1640): The Short & Long Parliaments

London, 1640.

After defeat in Scotland, Charles is broke. He recalls Parliament for money. This “Short Parliament” refuses him funds and is dismissed within weeks. But by November, he has no choice but to call another — the “Long Parliament.”

This time, Parliament strikes hard:

  • Strafford, the king’s most feared minister, is impeached and executed. Parliament accuses him of tyranny for enforcing royal taxes and ruling with an iron hand.
  • The Star Chamber, a royal court infamous for jailing or mutilating critics without a fair trial, is abolished.
  • The Triennial Act is passed, forcing the king to call Parliament at least once every three years, even if he doesn’t want to.

In the streets, London mobs cheer Parliament and jeer the king. Pamphlets roar with Puritan fury: bishops are “antichristian,” priests “servants of Rome.” For a Catholic aristocrat, the writing on the wall is clear: Parliament grows stronger, and hatred of your faith rises with it.

Will you support reform, plead moderation, or stand with the king?

129 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: Parliament waves your support aside: “Papist loyalty is no gift.”
  • Long-term: You alienate Charles, and Puritans will never trust your faith. You risk being isolated on both sides.

Continue

130 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You try to balance — some admire your caution, others sneer at your cowardice.
  • Long-term: Both king and Parliament grow suspicious of you, leaving you stranded when war breaks out.

Continue

131 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You cling to monarchy, Charles thanks you quietly.
  • Long-term: If Parliament triumphs, your estates will be seized as the spoils of “papist treachery.”

Continue

132 of 148

Crisis 4 (1641): The Irish Rebellion

Ulster, autumn 1641.

Catholics in Ireland rise against Protestant settlers. Tales — true or exaggerated — of massacres terrify England. Pamphlets cry, “Papists cut babes from their mothers’ wombs!” Fear swells into hatred.

Parliament demands an army. Charles insists he alone commands it. Whispers grow: “The king is in league with papists.”

Choices:

  • Back Charles. Hope monarchy protects Irish Catholics.
  • Back Parliament. Prove loyalty, deny suspicion.
  • Stay silent. Avoid notice while mobs rage.

133 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: Catholics see you as a protector.
  • Long-term: If massacres are believed, you will be forever linked with bloodshed.

Continue

134 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You protest loyalty to crown and country. Puritans smirk but remain suspicious.
  • Long-term: You may save your estates, but Catholics see you as a betrayer of faith.

Continue

135 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You bar the chapel door, praying the mob passes by.
  • Long-term: Silence saves your life, but strips you of influence.

Continue

136 of 148

Crisis 5 (1642): Outbreak of Civil War

England, summer 1642.

The fragile peace shatters. Earlier this year, Charles stormed into Parliament with soldiers, intending to arrest five of his fiercest critics. They escaped, but London was outraged. Parliament now raises its own militia, controls London’s treasury, and prints pamphlets calling the king a tyrant.

In August, Charles rides to Nottingham and raises his royal banner, calling loyal subjects to arms. Few gather at first, but across England noble families muster tenants, London trains bands of militia, and neighbors take sides. Families split: father against son, brother against brother.

The kingdom is divided between the Cavaliers and the Roundheads. The former are mostly noble and Anglicans and support the King, while the latter support parliament and are composed of Puritans, merchants, and radical commoners.

Neutrality is dangerous. Armies will march across estates, seize food and horses, and punish those who fail to support their cause.

Choices:

137 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You arm men and ride under the king’s banner.
  • Long-term: If the king loses, your estates and honor will be stripped away.

Continue

138 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You fight with Parliament. Neighbors may sneer at betrayal, but London applauds.
  • Long-term: If Parliament prevails, your family’s property is safer — though nobles will spit on your name.

Continue

139 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You keep silent, hiding your allegiance.
  • Long-term: Armies plunder your land anyway. Neutrality offers no protection in civil war.

Continue

140 of 148

Crisis 6 (1645): Naseby & the Turning of the Tide

Northamptonshire, June 1645.

Three years of war have scarred the land. Villages burned, fields trampled, disease spread with every marching army. To strengthen their cause, Parliament reorganized its forces into the New Model Army — a disciplined, professional army led by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell.

At the Battle of Naseby, Parliament’s red-coated soldiers smashed the king’s army. Cavalier cavalry fled, muskets thundered, and Royalist banners fell into the mud. Parliament captured the king’s baggage, including letters proving he begged Catholic monarchs in Europe for aid.

The discovery is devastating: Charles is now seen not just as stubborn, but treasonous. His credibility collapses. Victory gives Parliament confidence, but also stirs division between radicals, moderates, and royalists.

Choices:

  • Support the radicals. Push for reform and equality.
  • Support moderation. Seek peace with monarchy under limits.
  • Defend the king. Remain loyal even in defeat.

141 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You join fiery debates in taverns and camps.
  • Long-term: Cromwell crushes Levellers — your hopes for justice may die at Parliament’s own hands.

Continue

142 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You argue for compromise, preserving some stability.
  • Long-term: You may save lives and property, but abandon the chance for deeper reform.

Continue

143 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You hold firm with Charles, even as allies flee.
  • Long-term: You tie your fate to a sinking ship — exile, ruin, or death await.

Continue

144 of 148

Crisis 7 (1649): The Trial & Execution of Charles I

Westminster Hall, January 1649.

The unthinkable has come: the king himself is put on trial. Charles is accused of treason — of waging war against his own people. The courtroom is packed. Judges glare at him, but Charles refuses to bow or even remove his hat. “I am your lawful king,” he declares, “not your subject. By what authority do you try me?”

Outside, London seethes. Soldiers line the streets with pikes and muskets. Pamphlets litter the ground: some cry for justice, others beg for mercy. Many are horrified. Never in England’s history has a king been tried by his own people.

The decision will shape the kingdom’s soul: Is Charles a tyrant whose blood must be spilled, or is he God’s anointed King, untouchable even in defeat?

Choices:

145 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You defend Charles to the end.
  • Long-term: With his death, you are marked as a traitor. Exile to France or worse awaits.

Continue

146 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You plead for mercy.
  • Long-term: You are ignored, but if monarchy is restored, your loyalty may be rewarded.

Continue

147 of 148

Consequence

  • Immediate: You keep silent.
  • Long-term: You survive, but at the cost of all influence. History forgets you.

Continue

148 of 148

Ending for Catholic Aristocrat��Return

Exiled Loyalist → You flee abroad when Charles falls, clinging to faith in foreign courts.

Persecuted Survivor → You bend to Parliament, keep scraps of land, but your faith is crushed.

Silent Noble → You survive quietly, your Mass whispered in secret, your family reduced to shadows.