林中路�心理治療四十年
2021-7-15
張凱理
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Holzwege
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兩個命題和第三個轉折
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�第一個命題�個別動力心理治療的兩大基石為客體關係理論和自體理論�
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精神分析簡史
1. Id psychology
2. Ego Psychology
3. Object Relations Theories
. Kleinians (Melanie Klein, Wilfred Bion)
. Middle School (The Independent School) (D. W. Winnicott,
W. R. D. Fairbairn, Harry Guntrip, Michael Balint)
. Attachment Theory (John Bowlby, Mary Ainsworth, Mary Main)
4. Self Psychology (Heinz Kohut)
. Intersubjectivity Theory (Robert Stolorow, George Atwood,
Donna Orange, Bernard Brandchaft)
. Specificity Theory (Howard Bacal)
5. Relational Psychoanalysis (Stephen Mitchell, Lewis Aron)
6. Lacanians
7. Interface with neuroscience
. Neuropsychoanalysis (Mark Solms)
. Interpersonal Neurobiology (Allan Schore, Daniel Siegel)
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那裡是哪裡?
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that area …�過去半個世紀多 諸作者 不約而同都在講的 那個地方
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如何說明古典精神分析理論和其後之客體關係理論�以及自體理論之演變之原委?
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Defense Mechanisms
aggression
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intellectualization)
hot and bothered.
formation father’s enemies.
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not tell him.
(The therapist is born!)
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Ego vs. Self
Christopher Bollas (2013). Catch Them Before They Fall: Psychoanalysis of Mental Breakdown (Kindle Locations 1040-1041). Taylor and Francis. Kindle Edition.
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Margaret Mahler
Separation-Individuation Theory
1. Normal autism (first few weeks) (questionable)
2. Symbiosis (2nd month on)
3. Separation-Individuation phase
. Differentiation (4-5 months on) (hatching)
. Practicing (9 to 15-18 months) (emotional
refueling)
. Rapproachement (15-18 to 24 months) (self
cohesiveness / gender identity)
. Consolidation (3 years old on) (consolidation of
individuality & beginning of emotional object
constancy)
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Melanie Klein
. PS 🡨🡪 D (Paranoid-Schizoid position & Depressive
position)
. Manic defence
. Primitive defense mechanisms : splitting / projective
identification
. Child analysis / infant observation
. Internal object
. Phantasy
. Controversial discussion (1941-1944)
. Containment / reverie / attack on thinking (Wilfred Bion)
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Middle School (Independents)
Winnicott:
. Holding environment
. Good-enough (environment, mother, therapist)
. Transitional phenomenon / object
. True self / false self
. Potential space
. Spontaneous gesture
. Squiggle
. “There is no such thing as a baby.”
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Middle School (Independents)
Michael Balint:
. Primary love
. Basic Fault (benign regression aims to be
recognized / malignant regression aims to
be gratified)
Fairbairn & Guntrip:
. The schizoid phenomenon
. Endopsychic situation
. Regressed ego (Guntrip)
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The Schizoid Position
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The Regressed Ego
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Attachment Theory
John Bowlby (1907-1990)
. Secure attachment vs. insecure
attachment (avoidant / ambivalent /
disorganized)
. Internal work model
. Strange situation (Mary Ainsworth) (1913-1999)
. AAI (Adult Attachment Interview) (Mary Main) (b 1943)
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Heinz Kohut (1913-1981)
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Paul Brinich, Christopher Shelley (2002) The Self And Personality Structure
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explicitly absent and implicitly present
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自體心理學的關鍵概念
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classification of developmental psychopathology
NPD (narcissistic personality disorder)
NBDs (narcissistic behavioral disorders)
(e.g., drug abuse, eating disorders [especially
bulimia], paraphilias, impulse control disorders,
crimes, etc)
Borderline state
BPD (borderline personality disorder)
失所者: 情感上無依 現實上無據 惶惶終日 不知所止
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自體心理學的臨床理論
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自體心理學對於療程的理解
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三個細胞圖 (竹北 Seminar) (2021-4-9)
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精神上的好兄弟: 中間學派和依附理論
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第二個命題�從人文學的傳統迴溯心理治療,這個迴溯將體現於現象-詮釋-存在(P-H-E)觀點
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�先生遊南鎮 �(王陽明 1472-1529)�
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���草木瓦石 皆有良知���
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�宋明理學�
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verstehen
Heidegger's Way of Being, by Richard M. Capobianoco,
University of Toronto Press, 2014 (kindle location 189/2523)
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做為人文精神重建基礎的詮釋學
(Hermeneutics and the Voice of the Other: Re-reading Gadamer’s
Philosophical Hermeneutics, by James Risser, SUNY, 1997, pp. 4-17)
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Philosophical Hermeneutics and the Voice of the Other
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Who Am I and Who Are You?
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為什麼要講存在治療?
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第三個轉折�回到歷史 回到自然
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歷史的前額葉
宿命而論,歷史的軌跡是偶然的,人能不能不被命運決定是偶然的,族群能不能不被命運決定也是偶然的。
族群的前額葉能不能有足夠的歷史理性,容不容得住(contain)這些困難,是偶然的。 �
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自然的敗壞�人類世 (anthropocene)
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龍天樓後無樓 只是荒野�
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以自體心理學為基調的心理治療
以己為器用,承載著另一個人的歷史
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心理治療的敘事
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兩張圖
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護生 復育
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自體的心理學: 未完成的革命�Psychology of the Self: An unfinished revolution
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The trilogy and post-trilogy
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�The historical wilderness trapped in the shadows of Dragon Inn and the Chess Master --- in the worlds of Yu-Hua, Mu Xin, and Chen Ying-Zhen (2018-12-1) � �abstract�
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���Psychology of the self and existential therapy -�two kindred-spirited wanderers in the historical wilderness (2018-12-2)��abstract�
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歸宗於存在治療和批判的心理治療
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批判的心理治療
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批判甚麼?
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site
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