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INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING METERIAL

BRANCH- AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING

WINTER:2021,SEM-3^RD

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FACULTY-ER. SIDHARTHA ku. MOHANTA

TYPES OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS�

Metals & Alloys are futher classified as:

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Metals & Alloys

Ferrous

Non-ferrous

Steels

Cast Irons

Cu-Alloys

Ni-Alloys

Al-Alloys

Plain Carbon Steels

Alloy Steels

White Cast Iron

Malleable Cast Iron

Grey Cast Iron

S.G. Cast Iron

Chilled Cast Iron

TYPES OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS�

Composites are futher classified as:

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Composites

Laminar

Fibre Reinforced

Particle

Reinforced

TYPES OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS�

Ceramics are futher classified as:

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Ceramics

Metal Oxides

Carbides

Alumina

Beryllia

Glass

Zirconia

Glass Ceramics

Nitrides

Ceramic s defined as any inorganic (inorganic substances do not contain carbon or its compounds)non metallic material.

TYPES OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS�

Broadly Engineering Materials are classified as:

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Engineering Materials

Metals &Alloys

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Composites

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Polymers

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Ceramics

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ThermoplasticPolymers

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ThermosettingPolymer

Elastomers

METAL

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• A solid material which is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity
• (e.g. iron, gold, silver, and aluminum, and alloys such as steel)

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ALLOY

• An alloy is a material composed of two or more metals or a metal and a nonmetal.

• Ferrous: iron as main constitute
• Non ferrous: other than iron as main constitute.
• Steel: carbon less than 2 %.
• Cast iron: carbon more than 2%.
• Cu alloy: cu as main content.
• Al alloy: Al as main content.
• Ni alloy: Ni as main content.

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POLYMER

• The word polymer means
• Poly means many and meros means units, parts.
• Polymer means many parts or many units

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THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER

• A thermoplastic, or thermosoftening plastic, is a plastic material, polymer, that becomes pliable or moldable above a specific temp and solidifies upon cooling.
• thermoplastics may be reshaped by heating Temperature and solidifies upon cooling.

THERMOSETTING POLYMERS

• Thermosetting polymers have their chains cross linked by�covalent bonds.
• The starting materials are placed into�a mould to form the desired shape.
• The polymer is then heated (or initiated with uv light) and chemical reactions occur to form the cross links between the chains.
• The resulting three dimensional solid structure cannot then be changed.
• Further heating will not cause the polymer to soften,�melt or change shape (unlike thermosoftening polymers).

THERMOSETTING POLYMERS

• The picture below shows a typical structure�for a thermosetting polymer. The red lines�represent the cross links between the chains.

EXAMPLES�

• Epoxy resins - used as coating materials, caulks, manufacture of insulating materials, etc ...
• Phenolic resins - tool handles, billiard balls, sprockets, insulation, etc ...
• Unsaturated polyester resins - manufacture of plastics reinforced fiberglass commonly known as polyester, fillers, etc ...

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ELASTOMERS

• Elastomer materials are those materials that are made of polymers that are joined by chemical bonds, acquiring a final slightly crosslinked structure.

• Natural rubber - material used in the manufacture of gaskets, shoe heels...
• Polyurethanes - Polyurethanes are used in the textile industry for the manufacture of elastic clothing such as lycra, also used as foam, wheels, etc ...
• Polybutadiene - elastomer material used on the wheels or tires of vehicles, given the extraordinary wear resistance.
• Neoprene - Material used primarily in the manufacture of wetsuits is also used as wire insulation, industrial belts, etc ...
• Silicone - Material used in a wide range of materials and areas due their excellent thermal and chemical resistance, silicones are used in the manufacture of pacifiers, medical prostheses, lubricants, mold, etc ...

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COMPOSITE

• Composite materials (also called composition materials or shortened to composites) are materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties, that when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual components.

MATERIAL USED IN THE BOEING 787

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