“Leunca” (Solanum ningrum L.)

Part of wild food in Indonesia

Tita Widjayanti/ 1236103104 (Internet Tutorial 2024)

Final assignment

• Solanaceae family, Solanum ningrum L.

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• In Indonesia name:

Leunca (West Java)

Ranti (Central Java, East Java)

Bobosa (Maluku)

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• Due to my origin in West Java, we refer to it as “LEUNCA”.

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Let`s Jump right in with leunca..

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What is leunca?

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https://sajiansedap.grid.id/read/103057371/pantas-orang-desa-pada-sehat-leunca-ternyata-bisa-berikan-efek-luar-biasa-ini-untuk-tubuh-dijamin-nggak-bakal-bolak-balik-dokter?page=all

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• Plants in the Solanaceae family

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• Shrub plant with non-woody stems that grows to be around 120 cm tall. The leaves can grow to be 7 cm long and 5 cm broad.

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• The flowers are put in bouquets.

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• The fruit is typically small, measuring less than one centimetre in diameter, green while young and gradually turning deep purple when ripe.

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• The fruit is commonly utilised or consumed.

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What is leunca?

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https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Solanum~nigrum

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Benefit of leunca?

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Leunca consists of antioxidants, vitamins A, B, and C, calcium, phosphorus, and phytochemical components that are good to the body's health.

Chemical Structure of α-Solanine (a), solasonine (b), solamargine (c),α-chaconine (d), solasodine (e), diosgenin (f) and tigogenin (g). https://ccrc.farmasi.ugm.ac.id/ensiklopedia/ensiklopedia-tanaman-antikanker/l/leunca-solanum-nigrum-l/

Indians apply leunca fruit as a remedy for fever, diarrhoea, eye disorders, and heart illness (Ravi et al., 2019)

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Benefit of leunca?

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https://www.freepik.com/premium-photo/leunca-solanum-nigrum-is-famous-vegetable-sundanese-indonesia_71453494.htm#query=leunca&position=11&from_view=keyword&track=sph&uuid=57032089-75ab-4a3e-be09-24bd40e2ef9e

• In Europe, leunca is used to treat convulsions; in Germany, it is used to treat insomnia (Edmons and Chweya, 1997).
• Fresh leunca leaves, according to Rikenawaty (2012), can be used as an anti-inflammatory treatment.
• According to Edmons and Chweya (1997), Chinese people utilise leunca leaves for detoxification, antihypertensive, anticancer, and urinary tract infection treatment.
• According to Karmakar et al. (2010), leunca also contains reducing sugars, glycosides, gums, and steroids. Steroid glycosides in leunca fruit are cytotoxic and antiherpetic,
• Tannin is a leunca content that is strongly associated to the taste of leunca fruit. According to Woolf and Benarie (2011), tannin has antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.

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Benefit of leunca?

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https://www.freepik.com/premium-photo/leunca-solanum-nigrum-is-famous-vegetable-sundanese-indonesia_71453518.htm#query=leunca&position=15&from_view=keyword&track=sph&uuid=57032089-75ab-4a3e-be09-24bd40e2ef9e

• Originating from South America
• Spread in various regions of Asia, South Africa and several European countries
• In Indonesia, namely on the island of Java, especially West Java, Sumatra and in eastern Indonesia with different local names.
• Because of its adaptable nature, in Indonesia lenca usually grows wild in yards, fields or forests.

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Where you can found leunca?

https://www.freepik.com/premium-photo/green-leunca-plant-solanum-nigrum-lumai-ranti-rimbang-bobose-grow-garden_77059572.htm#query=leunca&position=21&from_view=keyword&track=sph&uuid=57032089-75ab-4a3e-be09-24bd40e2ef9e

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Ulat Daun Kubis (Plutella xylostella)

How to cook leunca?

Leunca with other vegetables as complementary dish

Generally leunca is usually eaten in 2 ways:

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1. Directly

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• In my area, West Java, I really like raw vegetables/fresh vegetables to eat directly, one of which is leunca.

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• Leunca fruit is initially light green, dark green then when it is ripe it will turn purple.

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• We usually eat the dark green fruit with large seeds.

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“As a complement to fiber in main meals”

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“As fresh vegetables, Complementary raw vegetables that are usually eaten or served with side dishes of chili sauce and rice like in the picture”

2. Processed�​���

• Usually we cook it by adding other ingredients such as tempeh oncom, the cooking method is by frying ground spices such as of shallots, garlic, curly chilies, cayenne peppers, galangal, basil, lime leaves, after the spices are cooked and fragrant, then the oncom has been cooked. add the crushed mixture, stir and mix with leunca and last seasoning with salt and mushroom stock.

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• Here it is like in the picture, we called “oseng leunca” (stir-fry leunca).

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Other Processed

• There is also a processed leunca made into karedok, but our family doesn't really like it, so we rarely make it, here is a look at karedok leunca taken from the internet.
• Until now I haven't found leunca in Japan. Have you ever seen it? Please let me know ☺

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https://www.freepik.com/premium-photo/pencok-leunca-simple-sundanese-salad_35823879.htm#query=leunca&position=32&from_view=keyword&track=sph&uuid=6f91589a-1a7f-4f1d-a590-bad1750a192b

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• Edmonds, J.M., J.A. Chweya. 1997. Black nightshades. Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Intl. Plant Genetic Res. 1:1777-1788.
• Karmakar, U.K., U.K. Tarafder, S.K. Sadhu, N.N. Biswas, M.C. Shill. 2010. Biological investigation of derd fruit of Solanum nigrum Linn. Intl. J. Pharm. Sci. 3:38-45.
• Ravi, V., T.S.M. Saleem, S.S. Patel, J. Raamamurthy, K. Gauthaman. 2009. Anti inflammatorry effect of methanolic extract of Solanum nigrum Linn Berries. Int. J. ARNP 2:33-36.
• Rikenawaty, I.R. 2012. Efek antiosteoklastogenesis ekstrak etanol 96% leunca (Solanum nigrum) terhadap sel RAW 264 secara in vitro. Tesis. Sekolah Pascasarjana. Universitas Indonesia. Depok
• Woolf, A.B., R. Benarie. 2011. Pesimmon [Diospryros kaki (L.)]. J. Food Sci. Tech. and Nutri. 209:166-193.

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- THANK YOU -