Word Form
A way to write a number using words
One Thousand, three hundred fifty four
Word form
Standard form
1 , 354
1.2
Expanded Form
A way to write a number showing the value of each digit
1,000 + 300 + 50 + 4
Expanded form
Standard form
1 , 354
1.2
Standard Form
A way to write a number using the digits 0 through 9, with each digit having a place value
Standard form
1 , 354
1.2
Round
When you round a number, you find a number that tells you about how much or about how many.
1.4
652
600
700
5 or more, raise the score
4 or less, let it rest
Whole
A whole is all of the parts of one shape or group.
2.1
Eight parts in the group
Eight parts in the whole
Equal Parts
Parts of a whole or parts of a group that are exactly the same size
2.1
2.1
Eight equal parts
Eight equal parts
Fraction
A number that names part of a whole or part of a group
2.2
3
8 is blue
3
8 is blue
Unit Fraction
Names 1 equal part of the whole
2.2
2.2
1
8 is blue
1
8 is blue
Numerator
Tells how many parts are being counted
2.3
3
8 is blue
3 is the numerator in this fraction
Denominator
Tells how many equal parts are in the whole or in the group
2.3
3
8 is blue
8 is the denominator in this fraction
Equivalent Fractions
Two or more fractions that name the same amount.
3.4
1
2
=
2
4
Estimate
A number close to an exact amount
4.2
500 is close to 489
Compatible Numbers
Numbers that are easy to compute mentally and are close to the real numbers
4.2
*Find the nearest
10 or 25
432
Compatible Numbers could be
425 or 430
Commutative Property of Addition
States that you can add two or more numbers in any order and get the same sum.
4.3
16 + 9 = 9 + 16
Associative Property of Addition
States that you can group addends in different ways and still get the same sum.
4.3
(16 + 7) + 23 = 16 + (7 + 23)
Inverse Operations
Opposite operations. Addition and Subtraction are Inverse Operations. Addition is used to check Subtraction.
5.2
473
179
179
+294
473
Equal Groups
The same number of objects in each group.
6.1
Multiply
Combining equal groups
6.1
Four Groups of Three
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12
4 X 3 = 12
Factors
The numbers multiplied in a multiplication problem.
6.1
Four Groups of Three
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12
4 X 3 = 12
Factors
Product
The answer to a multiplication problem
6.1
Four Groups of Three
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12
4 X 3 = 12
Product
Array
Create an array by placing the same number of tiles in each row
6.4
4 X 3 = 12
Commutative Property of Multiplication
States that when you change the order of the factors, the product stays the same
6.5
4 X 3 = 3 X 4
Identity Property of Multiplication
States that the product of any number and 1 is that number
6.6
4 X 1 = 4
1 X 4 = 4
1 X 7 = 7
7 X 1 = 7
Zero Property of Multiplication
States that the product of zero and any number is zero
6.6
4 X 0 = 0
9 X 0 = 0
0 X 9 = 0
0 X 4 = 0
Multiple
A Multiple of 10 is any product that has 10 as one of its factors.
7.2
2 X 10 = 20
20 is a multiple of 10
7 X 10 = 70
70 is a multiple of 10
Distributive Property
States that multiplying a sum by a number is the same as multiplying each addend by the number and then adding the products
7.4
3 X 8 = ?
3 X 8 = 3 X (4 + 4)
3 X 8 = (3 X 4) + (3 X 4)
3 X 8 = (12) + (12)
3 X 8 = 24
Associative Property of Multiplication
States that when the grouping of the factors is changed, the product is the same
8.2
3 X (2 X 2) = 2 X (3 X 2)
3 X (4) = 2 X (6)
12 = 12
Partial Products
Multiply the tens and the ones separately and then add the products
9.4
3 X 14 = 42
Three rows of ten
Three rows of four
3 X 10 = 30
3 X 4 = 12
30 + 12 = 42
Divide
Separating into equal groups
10.2
12 ÷ 2 = 6
Equation
A number sentence that uses the equal sign to show that two amounts are equal
10.3
12 ÷ 2 = 6
Equation
Dividend
The number in the equation that is being divided into smaller groups
10.3
12 ÷ 2 = 6
Dividend
Quotient
The number of groups. The answer to a division problem.
10.3
Quotient
12 ÷ 2 = 6
Divisor
How many are in each group in a division problem
10.3
Divisor
12 ÷ 2 = 6
Related Facts
A set of related multiplication and division equations
11.1
2 X 6 = 12
12 ÷ 6 = 2
6 X 2 = 12
12 ÷ 2 = 6
Divisible
A number is divisible by another number if the number is a counting number and the number can be divided evenly.
11.3
A number is divisible by 2 if the ones digit is 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8.
Divisible by 2:
64 98 7,940 80,576
Pattern
An ordered set of number of objects. The order helps you predict what will come next.
14.3
Rule - Increases by 2:
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14
Rule
Describes the pattern
14.3
Rule - Increases by 5:
5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
Expression
Part of a number sentence that has numbers and operation signs but does not have an equal sign.
14.5
Expression
4 X 9
Angle
Formed by two rays that share an endpoint.
15.1
Vertex
The shared endpoint in an angle
15.1
vertex
vertex
vertex
Right Angle
Two rays that form a square corner
15.1
Parallel Lines
Lines that appear to never cross or meet and are always the same distance apart.
15.1
Quadrilateral
Polygon with four sides and four angles
15.1
Trapezoid
A Quadrilateral with exactly 1 pair of opposite sides that are parallel.
15.1
Parallelogram
A Quadrilateral with 2 pairs of opposite sides that are parallel and 2 pairs of sides that are of equal length.
15.1
Rectangle
15.1
A Quadrilateral with 2 pairs of opposite sides that are parallel, 2 pairs of sides that are of equal length and have 4 right angles.
Square
15.1
A Quadrilateral with 2 pairs of opposite sides that are parallel, 4 sides that are of equal length and have 4 right angles.
Rhombus
15.1
A Quadrilateral with 2 pairs of opposite sides that are parallel and 4 sides that are of equal length.
Venn Diagram
Shows how sets of things are related
15.3
Rectangles
Rhombuses
Congruent
Figures that have the same size and the same shape.
15.4
Three-Dimensional Figure
Solid figures that have length, width, and height.
15.5
Rectangular Prism
15.5
Name of Faces – Rectangles
Number of Faces – 6
Number of Edges – 12
Number of Vertices - 8
Cube
15.5
Name of Faces – Squares
Number of Faces – 6
Number of Edges – 12
Number of Vertices - 8
Sphere
15.5
One continuous Curved Surface
Cone
15.5
Name of Faces – Circle and curved surface
Number of Faces – 1
Number of Edges – 0
Number of Vertices - 1
Cylinder
15.5
Name of Faces – circles and curved surface
Number of Faces – 2
Number of Edges – 0
Number of Vertices - 0
Triangular Prism
15.5
Name of Faces – Rectangles and triangles
Number of Faces – 5
Number of Edges – 9
Number of Vertices - 6
Face
A polygon that is a flat surface of a solid figure.
15.5
Face
Edge
A line segment formed where two faces meet.
15.5
Edge
Vertex
A point where three or more edges meet.
15.5
Vertex
Area
The measure of the number of unit squares needed to cover a flat surface.
16.1
Unit Square
A square with a side length of 1 square unit.
16.1
Square Unit
16.1
Perimeter
The distance around a figure.
17.1
2
4
3
6
5
7
9
8
14
13
12
11
10
15
16
16
Elapsed Time
The amount of time that passes from the start of an activity to the end of the activity.
18.1
Capacity
The amount a container will hold.
18.5
Cup (c)
Used to measure capacity. One Cup is equal to 8 ounces.
18.5
Pint (pt)
Used to measure capacity. One pint equals 2 cups.
18.5
Quart (qt)
Used to measure capacity. One quart is equal to 2 pints.
18.5
Gallon (gal)
Used to measure capacity. One gallon is equal to 4 quarts.
18.5
Liquid Volume
The amount of liquid in a container.
18.6
Liter (L)
Basic metric unit for measuring liquid volume.
18.6
Milliliter (mL)
The metric unit to measure liquid in very small containers.
18.6
Weight
The measure of how heavy an object it
18.7
Ounce (oz)
Customary Unit of measure for small objects.
18.7
Pound (lb)
Customary unit of measure for larger objects.
18.7
Mass
The amount of matter in an object.
18.8
Gram (g)
Metric unit for measuring the mass of small objects.
18.8
Kilogram (kg)
Metric unit for measuring the mass of heavy objects.
18.8
Frequency Table
Uses numbers to record data.
19.1
Bar Graph
Uses bars to show data
19.3
Scale
Equally spaced numbers helps you read the number each bar shows.
19.3
Horizontal Bar Graph
Bars go across from left to right.
19.3
Vertical Bar Graph
Bars go up from the bottom.
19.3
Dot Plot
Uses dots to record each piece of data above a number line.
19.5