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Working Towards Antiracism and Culturally Responsive Teaching in Open Education

Meredith Jacob

Tiffeni Fontno

Lizeth Ramirez

Kelly Hurst

Sabia Prescott

Kristina Ishmael

Dalena Hunter

Mark Puente

Peter Jaszi

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Agenda

  • Intro - Meredith
    • What is OER
    • What is fair use
    • Why talk about antiracism and culturally responsive teaching in a series about copyright and OER
      • OER to improve inequality
      • Fair Use to address and include existing cultural materials
  • Diagnostic presentation -- scene setting (20 minutes) (describing what you have seen in these workshops) -- Kelly Hurst
    • What is the center, what is the borderlands
    • How does this affect students
    • How does it affect teachers
  • Applied to OER (20 min) - Tiffeni Fontno, Meredith, Kristina
    • who are represented in materials (first gen students)
    • who are they authored for (in the original moment)
      • Critical reading - how do we teach it to preservice teachers
      • What are the examples we’re setting in academia for teacher education
    • how are they delivered (affordable learning GA - broad assumptions about suburban white normativity)
    • OER con’t - Access to authorship -- diversity of authors, including students [flipped classroom]
      • Preservice teachers - what are we doing to create opportunities and support for authorship
  • Resources and Examples in the Library Community:
    • Fair use as an engine for social justice (Peter/Meredith) 6 min)
    • Libraries -- helping marginalized communities to claim material (Dalena and Lizeth) (20)
    • Leadership and Institutional Commitments - Mark
      • [funding, program design, hiring, other?]
    • Sabia - differences and similarities for inclusion for LGBTQ students (and looking forward two weeks)
    • Meredith (6 min)

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What’s the Relationship Between OER, Fair Use, and Social Justice

Meredith

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OER, Fair Use, and Culturally Responsive Teaching

  • OER -> Open Educational Resources - teaching and learning materials released under a open copyright license, like a CC license, so they are free for the public to use, adapt, and redistribute
  • Fair Use - a doctrine in copyright law that permits the use of 3rd party copyrighted materials in specific circumstances
  • Why talk about antiracism and culturally responsive teaching in a series about copyright and OER
    • OER to tailor material to students
    • OER to broaden access to authorship
    • OER to improve inequality based on cost
    • Fair Use to address and include existing cultural materials

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Meredith

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WORKING TOWARDS ANTIRACISM & CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE TEACHING IN OPEN EDUCATION

Kelly Hurst

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Center & Borderlands�Crossroads Antiracism Organizing & Training

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

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DOMINANT CENTERED CULTURE

In the United States, who is presumed to be normal, standard, moral, good, and fully human?

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BORDERLAND CULTURE

In the United States, who is labeled immoral, deviant, uncivilized, criminal, and dangerous?

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Who will benefit from it?

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Who will be burdened by it?

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EQUITY

Diversity

Inclusion

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BORDER CROSSING

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EQUITY IN SCHOOL SYSTEMS

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

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Open Educational Resources

&

Culturally Responsive Teaching

Kristina/Tiffeni

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Adapting OER: Representation

  • 50.8M students in PreK-12 Public Schools (2019-2020)
    • 23.7M white students
    • 27.1M students of color
  • Similar to traditional instructional materials, OER does not reflect our student population
  • OER allows us to customize materials to be more inclusive and representative
    • Names
    • Pronouns
    • Identities
  • But we need more...

Kristina

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What is Critical Literacy?

�“Critical literacy encourages readers to�question, explore, or challenge the power�relationships that exist between authors�and readers. It examines issues of power�and promotes reflection, transformative�change, and action.”

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Source: Norris, K., Lucas, L., & Prudhoe, C. (2012). Examining critical literacy: preparing preservice teachers to use critical literacy in the early childhood classroom., 19(2), 59–62.

Tiffeni

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Outreach

  • Educators of Color and historically marginalized communities
  • Pre-service Teachers�

Tiffeni

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#OwnVoices

#OwnVoices is a term credited to author Corinne Duyvis, who suggested the hashtag on Twitter in 2015 to "recommend kidlit about diverse characters written by authors from that same diverse group.”

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OER should also include materials with content originally written by the diverse authors.

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Tiffeni

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Implementing OER with Equity in Mind

Affordable Learning Georgia

  • OER increases outcomes for all students, but especially for first generation and Pell-eligible students
  • But what are we doing to make sure that we deliver in a way that reduces barriers?

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Meredith

Colvard, N. B., Watson, C. E., & Park, H. (2018). The impact of open educational resources on various student success metrics. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 30(2), 262-276.

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Fair Use Enables Representative and Inclusive Open Educational Resources

Peter

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What is ‘fair use’?

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  • A user’s right rooted in First Amendment values
  • Flexible, open exception to copyright regulation
  • Particularly attuned to educational practice
  • Available when the use is “transformative” and the amount is “appropriate.”

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Peter

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Why ‘fair use’ matters

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  • Unlocking the world of copyright content
  • Promoting inclusive representation
  • Enabling a discussion of a wide range of topics
  • Avoiding viewpoint bias that may exist in CC material

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Peter

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Employing Primary Source Materials to Support Antiracism and Culturally Responsive Teaching

A Critical Approach to Applying Best Practices for Fair Use

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Dalena Hunter and Lizeth Ramírez

Librarian/Archivists for Los Angeles Communities and Cultures

UCLA Library Special Collections

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Understanding Structural Inequities �in Fair Use Materials

Consider:

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  • Perspective
  • Description
  • Access
  • Use

White or Jap – Which?,

uclamss_200_b41_f1_7j

Appeal to fear whites have (or should have) for non-white people.

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Use of racist and xenophobic term by whites (out-group).

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Perspectives

IN GROUP

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  • Ones who share identit(ies) or characteristic(s).
  • Emic: approaching from the perspective of one who participates in the culture.

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OUT GROUP

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  • Those people who do not belong to the group in question.
  • Etic: perspective of one who does not participate in the culture under consideration.

Woman at fountain of Aqua je de Centinela - Centinela Springs at Centinela Park, Inglewood, CA, 1965 uclalat_1429_b550_228715

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Description

Content Standard Preferred Term

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  • Japanese Internment
  • Latino

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Community Preferred Term

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  • Japanese Incarceration
  • Latinx

Mexican American Students Association, East Los Angeles College,

uclamss_200_b183_f2_2 1968

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Accessibility

  • Who has access?
  • What are the limitations?
  • How can the community communicate its preference?

Anita Pepe, Winona Martin and Emma Center in Golden

State Mutual Offices, Los Angeles, Calif., uclalsc_1434_b061_f003_022

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Use

  • Fair Use (how do fair use laws affect use?)
  • How might these images be used?
    • By Faculty?
    • By students?
    • Non- affiliated researchers?

Staff members of the Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Company pictured in front of the Home Office at 4261 Central Ave. in Los Angeles, California, uclalsc_1434_b061_f006_001 1948

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Primary Source Materials Online

Public Libraries:

  • Los Angeles Public Library, Los Angeles Public Library Photo Collection
  • New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts
  • Orange Public Library & History Center, Local History Collection

Other Repositories:

  • Churches

Central Texas Conference United Methodist Church

  • Historical Societies

California Historical Society

GLBT Historical Society

  • Museums

Japanese American National Museum

  • Organizations

Palo Alto Woman's Club

Irvine Valencia Growers Packing House workers, Orange, CA 1932

(Orange Public Library Collection)

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THANK YOU!

Contact Us:

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Dalena Hunter

dalenae@library.ucla.edu

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Lizeth Ramírez

ramirezlr@library.ucla.edu

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Library Special Collections

www.library.ucla.edu/location/library-special-collections

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BIBLIOGRAPHY�UCLA Library Special Collections Images

Anita Pepe, Winona Martin and Emma Center in Golden State Mutual Offices, Los Angeles, Calif. (1945). UCLA, Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library. Date of access: May 18, 2020. https://calisphere.org/item/8894f79d-ac12-4a0a-a36c-ce486a669057/

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Mexican American Students Association, East Los Angeles College (1968). UCLA, Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library. Date of access: May 18, 2020. https://calisphere.org/item/ark:/13030/hb6000106f/

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Staff members of the Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Company pictured in front of the Home Office at 4261 Central Ave. in Los Angeles, Calif. (1948). UCLA, Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library. Date of access: May 18, 2020. https://calisphere.org/item/60647f8b-e9ce-4270-8bc3-37bed6c368fa/

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White or Jap : which? Anti-Jap Laundry League (1908). UCLA, Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library. Date of access: May 18, 2020. http://www.oac.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/hb229006vk/?order=1

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Woman at fountain of Aqua je de Centinela - Centinela Springs at Centinela Park, Inglewood, Calif., 1965.

UCLA, Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library. Date of access: May 18, 2020. https://calisphere.org/item/ark:/21198/zz0002tfcw/

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BIBLIOGRAPHY�Other Repositories, Image and Links

Irvine Valencia Growers Packing House workers, Orange, CA (1932). Orange Public Library Collection, Orange Public Library & History Center. Date of access: May 18, 2020. http://history.cityoforange.org/knowvation/app/consolidatedSearch/#search/v=list,c=1,q=qs%3D%5Birvine%20growers%5D%2CqueryType%3D%5B16%5D,sm=s,l=library4_lib%2Clibrary1_lib%2Clibrary3_lib%2Clibrary5_lib%2Clibrary2_lib

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Primary Source Collections Online:

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California Historical Society - https://californiahistoricalsociety.org/collections/search-the-collections/

Central Texas Conference United Methodist Church - https://texashistory.unt.edu/explore/partners/ACTUMT/

GLBT Historical Society - https://www.glbthistory.org/archives

Japanese American National Museum - http://www.janm.org/collections/

Los Angeles Public Library - https://tessa.lapl.org/

New York Public Library - http://archives.nypl.org/

Orange Public Library & History Center - https://www.cityoforange.org/localhistory

Palo Alto Woman’s Club - http://womansclubofpaloalto.org/

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Institutional Strategies

Mark

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A 30K foot perspective

  • Position of accumulated advantage
    • Connected to broader systems
      • OA/OE not a panacea
    • Power/reward systems
    • No need to reinvent

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Institutional strategies

  • Representation matters
  • Agency is paramount
  • Collective action/impact
  • Sharing/relinquishing of power
  • Majority cultures: doing the work

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From the field(s)

  • Association of University Presses (AUP)
  • Task Force for Cultural Proficiencies in Racial Equity
    • ALA, ACRL, ARL, PLA
  • NCSU Libraries
  • Project Ready

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Thank You!

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Mark A. Puente

Senior Director of Diversity and Leadership Programs

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mpuente@arl.org

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Moving Forward

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Join us in two weeks:

Register Here

“Using Open Licensing to Support LGBTQ-Inclusive Learning”

Sabia

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What’s Coming for the Fair Use Best Practices

Peter

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Questions and Discussion

Meredith

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Join us on Fridays for the rest of the spring:

auw.cl/oer

Next Week:

“Music to Our Ears:

A Fair Use Deep Dive into Using Music in OER”