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Meningitis

By Daria Szczurek 3ºA (revised by the teacher, Mari Carmen Morón)

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Introduction

It is the inflammation of the thin tissue which surrounds the brain and the spinal medulla, called meninges.

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Causes

Meningitis is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection.

Viral meningitis is the most common and least serious type. Bacterial meningitis is rare, but can be very serious if not treated.

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These are some viruses and bacteria that can cause meningitis:

  • Meningococcal bacteria
  • Pneumococcal bacteria
  • Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria
  • Enteroviruses
  • The mumps virus
  • The herpes simplex virus

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Symptoms

  • A high temperature
  • Cold hands and feet
  • Vomiting
  • Confusion
  • Breathing quickly
  • Headache

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Babies may also:

  • Be irritable
  • Have high-pitched cry
  • Refuse feeds

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Treatment

The treatment depends on the type of meningitis you have, for example:

  • Bacterial meningitis: intravenous antibiotics.
  • Viral meningitis: bed rest, plenty of fluids and pain medications to help reduce fever and relieve body aches.

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Prevention

Vaccines are the most effective way to protect against certain types of bacterial meningitis.

Healthy habits:

  • Don’t smoke.
  • Avoid close contact with people who are sick.

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Bibliography

  • cdc.gov
  • mayoclinic.org
  • nhs.uk

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THE END