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Plant Transport Systems

cambium

xylem

phloem

Plant Transport Systems

2 of 22

How do different materials move in plants, Pg. 82

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

Vascular Plants:

How do materials get transported through a vascular plant?

Vascular plants grow tall. Water/minerals move up the roots to leaves through vascular tissue (xylem tubes). Sugar is transported from leaves to other parts of plant through (phloem tubes).

Roots:

Stem:

Leaves:

Xylem:

Cambium:

Phloem:

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How do different materials move in plants, Pg. 82

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

Root:

Roots:

Absorb water

Absorb minerals

Store food

Anchor plants

Found in ground

Transport nutrients to stem of plant

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How do different materials move in plants, Pg. 82

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

Stem:

Main stalk of plant

Develops buds and shoots

Has xylem and phloem tissues inside

Materials (water, stored sugar, minerals) move up and down through tissues

Allows plant to grow tall

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How do different materials move in plants, Pg. 82

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

Leaves:

Grow from stem of plant

Veins carry materials throughout leaf

Take in carbon dioxide

Make sugar (food)

Stomata

Release oxygen

Moves food to phloem tubes

Have chloroplasts

Has Chlorophyll

Photosynthesis

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How do different materials move in plants?

Start with the CALIFORNIA STANDARDS

5 LS 2.a. Students know many multicellular organisms have specialized structures to support the transport of materials.

5 LS 2.e. Students know how sugar, water, and minerals are transported in a vascular plant.

5 IE 6.i. Write a report of an investigation that includes conducting tests, collecting data or examining evidence, and drawing conclusions.

Discuss the Main Idea

Explain to students that vascular tissue forms a transportation system that runs through the plant. Point out that the function of vascular tissue in a plant is similar to the functions of streets and highways. Ask:

How is a one-way street different from a two-way street?

Answer: Vehicles can travel only in one direction down one-way streets. Vehicles can travel in two directions up and down two-way streets. Explain that plants have tissues called xylem and phloem. Xylem tissues function in the same way as one-way streets. They transport water and nutrients from the roots up to the rest of the plant. Phloem also functions like a one-way street, moving sugar down through a plant.

Develop Vocabulary

xylem (zīºlәm) Plant tissue that moves water and minerals up from the roots. (p. 84)

Most of the layers in a tree trunk are made of xylem.

phloem (flōº ә m) The tissue in a plant that moves food down from the leaves to other parts of the plant. (p. 84)

The location of phloem depends on the type of stem.

cambium (camºbē әm) A layer of cells in plants that separates the xylem and the phloem. (p. 26)

The cambium also produces new xylum and phloem cells.

- Have students write each vocabulary word in their notebooks. Let them look up the definition of each word. As students read the definitions of the words, have them draw pictures that will help them remember the meanings of the words.

Reading Diagrams

How does the sugar produced in the leaves get to the roots?

Clue: Look at the labels. Read the descriptions to find the answer.

Answer: The trunk or stem has tissues that move the sugar from the leaves to the rest of the plant including the roots.

Critical Thinking

What would happen to the amount of sugar produced if there was a drought?

Answer: Without water, during a drought, the leaf could not produce sugar.

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Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

Veins transport minerals/water throughout leaves, into cells.

Minerals/water transported from roots to stem.

Minerals/water transported through xylem tubes in stem to veins of leaf.

Food made in cells of leaves.

Veins move food from leaves to phloem tubes in stem.

Phloem tubes transport food to rest of plant. Extra food stored in roots for later use.

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What is the transport system made of?

bark

What is the transport system made of?

9 of 22

What is the transport system made of?

soft stem

woody stem

xylem

phloem

cambium

xylem (zī´lәm) Plant tissue that moves water and minerals up from the roots.

cambium (cam´bē әm) A layer of cells in plants that separates the xylem and the phloem.

xylem

phloem

cambium

What is the transport system made of?

phloem (flō´әm) The tissue in a plant that moves food down from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Start with the CALIFORNIA STANDARDS

5 LS 2.a. Students know many multicellular organisms have specialized structures to support the transport of materials.

5 LS 2.e. Students know how sugar, water, and minerals are transported in a vascular plant.

5 IE 6.i. Write a report of an investigation that includes conducting tests, collecting data or examining evidence, and drawing conclusions.

Discuss the Main Idea

Have students look at the cross section of the buttercup root. Ask:

Where is the xylem?

Answer: at the outer part of the root

- Explain to students that they will examine the stems of plants that help transport materials throughout the plant.

Reading Diagrams

How are the xylem, phloem, and cambium arranged differently in a woody stem than in a soft stem?

Clue: Compare the location and shape of the xylem, phloem, and cambium in each stem.

Answer: The xylem is much thicker in the woody stem; phloem and cambium are smaller in woody stems.

Develop Vocabulary

xylem (zīºlәm) Plant tissue that moves water and minerals up from the roots. (p. 84)

Most of the layers in a tree trunk are made of xylem.

phloem (flōº ә m) The tissue in a plant that moves food down from the leaves to other parts of the plant. (p. 84)

The location of phloem depends on the type of stem.

- Word Origins Explain to students that xylem comes from the Greek word xylon, meaning “wood.” Xylem only lives for about one year and then it hardens into dead tree tissue called bark. Ask students to describe the function of tree bark. to protect the moist inner tissues of the tree The word phloem comes from the Greek word phloiein, meaning “to swell.” Phloem stays moist throughout its lifetime. Ask students what food item is produced

from maple tree sap.

maple syrup

cambium (camºbē әm) A layer of cells in plants that separates the xylem and the phloem. (p. 26)

The cambium also produces new xylum and phloem cells.

- Word Origin Explain to students that the word cambium comes from the Latin word cambiare, which means “to change.” Ask students why this name is appropriate.

The cambium is the layer of cells where new xylem and phloem are made.

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What is the transport system made of, Pg. 84

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

(Video: 1:33)

Stem:

Plant Transport System:

Bark:

Xylem:

Cambium:

Phloem:

Protective layer of woody stems. Made of dead xylem/phloem. Woody stems grow outward, new xylem/phloem grow each year, creating rings.

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What is the transport system made of, Pg. 84

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

(Video: 1:33)

Stem:

Plant Transport System:

Bark:

Xylem:

Cambium:

Phloem:

Moves nutrients up from roots. Most layers of tree trunk are xylem.

12 of 22

What is the transport system made of, Pg. 84

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

(Video: 1:33)

Stem:

Plant Transport System:

Bark:

Xylem:

Cambium:

Phloem:

Layer of cells separating xylem from phloem. Where new xylem and phloem cells are produced.

13 of 22

What is the transport system made of, Pg. 84

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

(Video: 1:33)

Stem:

Plant Transport System:

Bark:

Xylem:

Cambium:

Phloem:

Moves sugar made in the leaves to other parts of plant.

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Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

Where are xylem cells in relation to the phloem cells (diagram, pg. 84)?

The xylem cells are closer to the inside of the plant and the phloem cells are closer to the outside of the plant.

Compare the cell walls of the xylem and phloem. How are the thick cell walls of xylem useful?

Xylem cells support and protect soft plant tissues. As the layers die, the tubes harden, adding strength, helping support the tree.

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Review

Reading Diagrams

woody stem

soft stem

cambium

xylem

phloem

How are the xylem, phloem, and cambium arranged differently in a woody stem than in a soft stem?

16 of 22

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

How are the xylem, phloem, and cambium arranged differently in a woody stem than in a soft stem (diagram, pg. 84)?

The xylem is much thicker in the woody stem; phloem and cambium are smaller in woody stems.

What causes wide, light rings on a tree trunk?

The tree experienced a rapid rate of growth, due to a lot of rain and good growing conditions during the spring.

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How are roots different?

taproot

fibrous roots

prop roots

How are roots different?

Start with the CALIFORNIA STANDARDS

5 LS 2.a. Students know many multicellular organisms have specialized structures to support the transport of materials.

5 LS 2.e. Students know how sugar, water, and minerals are transported in a vascular plant.

5 IE 6.i. Write a report of an investigation that includes conducting tests, collecting data or examining evidence, and drawing conclusions.

Discuss the Main Idea

Show students a small plant with its fibrous root system exposed, such as grass or a bean plant. Have students draw a picture of the roots of the plant. Ask:

What are the functions of a root system?

Answer: to absorb water and nutrients for the plant and provide stable support

What kinds of plants would have deep root systems?

Answer: large trees

How could building a house next to a large, growing tree cause problems?

Possible answers: The root system could continue to grow under the house and cause problems with pipes or grow through the foundation. The house could block roots from growing in certain directions. The branches and leaves could also grow into the house.

Critical Thinking

How could aerial roots help a plant stay in place?

Answer: The aerial roots could wrap around the branches or grow into cracks in the bark of a tree.

18 of 22

How are roots different, Pg. 86

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

One large root branching, hairy roots. Grow deep in soil to reach water. Ex. Dandelion, Carrots, and Beets.

Types of roots:

Taproots:

Fibrous roots:

Aerial roots:

Prop roots:

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How are roots different, Pg. 86

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

Types of roots:

Taproots:

Fibrous roots:

Thin, branching roots. Can have huge networks of roots underground.

Ex. Grasses

Aerial roots:

Prop roots:

20 of 22

How are roots different, Pg. 86

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

Types of roots:

Taproots:

Fibrous roots:

Aerial roots:

Prop roots:

Grow like fingers out of bottom of stem. They help prop up the plant.

Ex. Corn Plants, Mangrove Trees

21 of 22

How are roots different, Pg. 86

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

Types of roots:

Taproots:

Fibrous roots:

Aerial roots:

Prop roots:

Roots never touch ground. Roots of these plants take in water from the air.

Ex. Orchids, Ivy types

22 of 22

How are roots different, Pg. 86

Life Science: Plant Transport Systems

Name

Homeroom #

Date

Universal #

Science

Lesson 2

pgs.82-87

How could aerial roots help a plant stay in place?

The aerial roots could wrap around the branches or grow into cracks in the bark of a tree.

How could building a house next to a large, growing tree cause problems?

The root system could continue to grow under the house and cause problem with pipes or grow through the foundation.

Summary: