Explain the process of state building and decline in Eurasia over time.
SKILL: �Identify & Explain Main Argument�
2.2
B.�GOV �
The Mongol Empire always had disputes over succession ever since the death of Genghis Khan but it was split into four Khanates; the Golden Hordes (Russia), Yuan Dynasty in China, Ilkhanate in the Southeast/Persia, & the Chagatai Khanate (Central Asia).
The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous land empire in history and the second largest empire by landmass
What we will learn:
Analyze the growth and partition of the Mongol Empire by focusing on Mongol leadership.
We will practice working on SAQ stimulus and writing successful answers.
What we will do:
B. Explain how Central Asian pastoral tribes expanded and maintained their power.
Practice Prep: SAQ
Writing Prompt
MASSIVE EMPIRE� �EXPANSION
9 million square miles
Largest land empire in the history of the world.
Mongols were Pastoral �Roaming with herd animals; sheep, goats, cattle, ect.
�
Yurt: moveable tent homes
Highly skilled horse riders.
Mongolian Horse
Short, stocky, �strong, & fast.
Mongol’s began to ride as children
KHANATE �Genghis Khan / Temujin - 1162-1227
Largest land-based empire in history
YUAN dynasty
Golden Horde
Let’s Practice: SAQ Stimulus
Timothy May �Historian & Professor at �University of North Georgia.
Identify the main argument; find evidence to Explain.
A common misconception is that the semi literate Mongols came out of the steppes of Mongolia, quickly conquered far more advanced civilizations, and left the government in each area in the hands of the conquered. While Chinese bureaucrats still did their jobs and the local Persian rulers stayed in power as long as they did not cause the Mongols any trouble, the situation was much more complex.… The Mongols used qualified people wherever they were needed to advance their empire. It was not unusual to have Arabs serving in Russia or Persians in China. Still, the Mongols preferred not to tinker too much with systems that worked well. When Yelu Chucai (1189–1243), the great minister and governor of northern China, demonstrated how much wealth the region could produce for Ögödei Khan, the Mongols kept his system in place.… In smaller provincial territories, many local rulers maintained their position, serving as the local daruqachi or shahna [governor]. As long as they paid tribute, provided troops when called upon, came before the khan to pledge their loyalty, and kept good order in their territories, they remained in their positions. For the Mongols, it made good sense, as the local rulers knew the customs of their people.…
Source: Timothy May, “Taking Control,” Calliope, A Cobblestone Publication
B. Explain how Central Asian pastoral tribes expanded and maintained their power.
SAQ Prompts:
Identify the main argument
A common misconception is that the semi literate Mongols came out of the steppes of Mongolia, quickly conquered far more advanced civilizations, and left the government in each area in the hands of the conquered. While Chinese bureaucrats still did their jobs and the local Persian rulers stayed in power as long as they did not cause the Mongols any trouble, the situation was much more complex.… The Mongols used qualified people wherever they were needed to advance their empire. It was not unusual to have Arabs serving in Russia or Persians in China. Still, the Mongols preferred not to tinker too much with systems that worked well. When Yelu Qucai (1189–1243), the great minister and governor of northern China, demonstrated how much wealth the region could produce for Ögödei Khan, the Mongols kept his system in place.… In smaller provincial territories, many local rulers maintained their position, serving as the local daruqachi or shahna [governor]. As long as they paid tribute, provided troops when called upon, came before the khan to pledge their loyalty, and kept good order in their territories, they remained in their positions. For the Mongols, it made good sense, as the local rulers knew the customs of their people.…
Source: Timothy May, “Taking Control,” Calliope, A Cobblestone Publication
Find evidence to Explain the claim.
A common misconception is that the semi literate Mongols came out of the steppes of Mongolia, quickly conquered far more advanced civilizations, and left the government in each area in the hands of the conquered. While Chinese bureaucrats still did their jobs and the local Persian rulers stayed in power as long as they did not cause the Mongols any trouble, the situation was much more complex.… The Mongols used qualified people wherever they were needed to advance their empire. It was not unusual to have Arabs serving in Russia or Persians in China. Still, the Mongols preferred not to tinker too much with systems that worked well. When Yelu Qucai (1189–1243), the great minister and governor of northern China, demonstrated how much wealth the region could produce for Ögödei Khan, the Mongols kept his system in place.… In smaller provincial territories, many local rulers maintained their position, serving as the local daruqachi or shahna [governor]. As long as they paid tribute, provided troops when called upon, came before the khan to pledge their loyalty, and kept good order in their territories, they remained in their positions. For the Mongols, it made good sense, as the local rulers knew the customs of their people.…�
Source: Timothy May, “Taking Control,” Calliope, A Cobblestone Publication
The Mongols used qualified people to run different parts of their vast Eurasian empire.
B. Explain how Central Asian pastoral tribes expanded and maintained their power.
The Mongols were able expand & maintain their empire because once they conquered someone they would allow the local leaders to stay in power creating a system of loyalty.
Your Turn:
Take a look at the next document.
It is from an AP SAQ.
It is an image.
You need to identify the main claim:
B. Explain how Central Asian pastoral tribes expanded and maintained their power.
Same Questions, but different stimuli
SOURCE: The Siege of Baghdad (1258), Persian Manuscript, 15th century. The image depicts the Mongol assault led by Hülagü on Baghdad after a twelve-day siege. The Abbasids did not surrender to the besieging Mongols and were ultimately defeated. The Mongols sacked the city and executed many. Estimates of deaths have ranged from 80,000 to upwards of 1 million, though the lower estimate appears to have been more likely.
TAKEAWAYS
Learning Objective:
SAQ
1. Unification of Tribes with Genghis Khan
2. Four Khanates