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Kyla Adams

Kyla.adams@uwa.edu.au

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An Overview of 2021

@KylaAdams5

@Einstein_first

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Outline

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  • What is Einstein-First?
  • Where we are today
  • Primary School Modules
  • Secondary School Modules
  • Other Initiatives

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A team within OzGrav that consists of educators, physicists and science communicators

What is

?

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einsteinianphysics.com

What does

do?

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Schools Today

Einstein-First Approach

Flat space geometry (implicit)

Non-Euclidean geometry

Absolute time

Relative time

Light not defined

Light as photons (with wave and particle like properties)

Heat not defined

Heat as vibrating atoms and phonons

Gravity - force from objects

Gravity is warped spacetime

einsteinianphysics.com

What does

do?

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Challenges

Modern physics is seen as abstract and difficult

    • We present these concepts with relevant analogies, models and activities

Including modern physics in the curriculum requires a paradigm shift

    • We present modern physics in the context of our everyday lives

Kaur et al. 2017 a

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Motivations

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  1. PISA 2018: Reporting Australia’s Results. Volume I Student Performance. Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER)
  2. National Research Council, 2007, Taking Science to School: Learning and Teaching Science in Grades K-8, The National Academies Press, https://doi.org/10.17226/11625
  • Student attitudes towards science are decreasing1
  • Student ability is consistently underestimated2
  • Physics is fun

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Images from OzGrav Annual Report 2021

  • Part of the research process is passing on new knowledge to others.

  • A modernised curriculum is one of the ways we can pass on our excitement of gravitational waves to a new generation.

Motivations

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Then

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Topics

  1. Spacetime diagrams
  2. Connecting Space and time
  3. Two stories about space and the story of Pi
  4. Curved space geometry with balloons
  5. Fun with black holes
  6. What is Gravity?

Original Intervention3

Pitts, Venville, Blair & Zadnik 2013

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Ten Years Later

4. Adams, Dattatri, Kaur & Blair 2021 https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.09773

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Questionnaire (11 participants)

Interview (8 participants)

‘The fun experiments and activities I witnessed became fond memories as well as valuable lesson in how things such as gravity behave’ – Participant 1

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  • General tone of responses was that the intervention helped place science learning into a positive light
  • Students were open to learning more Einsteinian physics concepts in the future
  • Learning Einsteinian physics early allows for new concepts to be understood

4. Adams, Dattatri, Kaur & Blair 2021 https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.09773

Overall

  • Students can understand modern physics concepts, and our best understanding of our universe

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Today

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2021

* Except a full year 9 trial

Primary Schools

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Secondary Schools

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Teachers running trials

~ 20

 +8 from our first micro-credential unit

Student Test Data

~1600

both pre- and post-test

Interviews conducted

~4

Modules Trialled

All*

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Trial Format

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School signs up for a trial

Teacher training and materials

Students complete a pre-test,

Teacher presents the module,

Students complete a post-test,

Data analysis

Review module

 

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The Modules

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Year 3

Hot Stuff

Atom Frenzy

Year 4

May the Forces be With You *

Year 5

Our Place in the Universe

Fantastic Photons

Year 6

Climate Change*

Primary Modules

* Less than or equal to 1 trial

einsteinianphysics.com

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Year 3

Physical Sciences: HOT STUFF

ACARA Statement

Heat is produced in many ways and can move from one object to another.

What we teach:

  • that heat is the energy of moving and vibrating atoms and molecules
  • that tiny ‘bundles’ of vibrational energy are called phonons

Chemical Sciences: ATOM FRENZY

ACARA Statement

A change of state between solid and liquid can be caused by adding or removing heat.

What we teach:

  • that everything is made of atoms
  • that change of state is about arrangement of atoms: jiggling toy atom trays to observe the change in state

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Year 3: Models and Analogies

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Year 3: Hot Stuff�Results from a single trial

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Student Individual percentage total scores

 Average pre-test =  33%

Average post-test  = 60%

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“I was offered the Year 3 program which is the start of a seamless progression that will give students the modern, best understanding of everything …– a world of atoms, molecules, electrons, photons and phonons.  The Einstein -First program armed me with knowledge and confidence to teach in my science classes."

A Year 3 teacher’s comment

* Edited for clarity

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Year 4

Physical Sciences: May the Forces be with you

ACARA Statement

Forces can be exerted by one object on another through direct contact or from a distance.

What we teach:

  • contact and non-contact forces are all electrical forces between atoms
  • show how forces can be visualised, added, and cancelled, with arrows.

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Year 5

Physical Sciences:

FANTASTIC PHOTONS

ACARA Statement

Light from a source forms shadows and can be absorbed, reflected and refracted.

What we teach:

  • That light comes as a stream of photons that have waviness and bulletiness.

Chemical Sciences:

OUR PLACE IN THE UNIVERSE

ACARA Statement

The Earth is part of a system of planets orbiting around a star (the sun).

What we teach:

  • We use the spacetime simulator to explore gravity and the orbits of the planets around the Sun.

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Year 5: Models and Analogies

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Year 5: Fantastic Photons�Results from a single trial

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Student Individual percentage total scores

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"The activities and experiments included in the program provide rich learning opportunities to explore important and foundational theories about our universe. … I would recommend this program to any teachers that are interested in providing an engaging, accurate and relevant science curriculum for their students"

A Year 5 teacher’s comment

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Year 6

All Science Strands: CLIMATE CHANGE

What we teach:

  • The lessons on climate change bring the explanatory power of Einsteinian physics and chemistry to all four strands by building on the earlier language and ideas (or briefly introducing them) of photons, atoms, subatomic particles and nuclei, and the forces between them.

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“…I was intrigued by the prospect of introducing content reserved for high school students to Year 3s. Now that I am actually teaching the Einstein-First curriculum, after every Science lesson, I have many little minds going "Eureka! Now I know why ..." Einsteinian physics is here to challenge pre-conceived notions as to what little minds can fathom.

The fact that I wish my own children had been introduced to the EFP program when they were in primary school summarises what I say to other colleagues”

Another primary school teachers comment

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Maths Support

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Maths for understanding Einstein's Physics

Big and small numbers

Logarithmic scale

Chance

Theory of Probability

Maths of arrows

Vectors and Interference

Precision vs accuracy

Fermi estimations

Anastasia Popkova

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Math for Einstein’s Physics� Models and Analogies

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Math for Einstein’s Physics

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The program has been trialled with:

  • Year 4 class
  • Years 7 and 8
  • Ages from 8-10
  • Both in classes and in after-school programs

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Math for Einstein’s Physics�

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Q3

Eight children pushed the teacher’s car, but seven children pushed in the opposite directions.

Draw the picture with arrows. 

What was the total Force?

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Year 7

Warp Spacetime

+1*

Year 8

From E = mc2 to renewable energy

+1*

Year 9

Quantum Weirdness

Year 10

Cosmology *

Secondary Modules

einsteinianphysics.com

* Working titles

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Warp spacetime is a 15-lesson Year 7 Physical Sciences and Earth Space and sciene curriculum that introduces students to fundamental concepts and our modern Einsteinian view of gravity. 

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Shon Boublil

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This energy curriculum focuses on two equations E=mc 2 and E=hf. It also introduces renewable energy and electricity. It is a 20-lesson program that integrates itself within the Physical Sciences curriculum. 

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Year 9: Quantum weirdness

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My PhD: Developing the Year 9 Einstein-First curriculum

Will include concepts like:

  • Wave-particle duality
  • Wavelength and size relations
  • The nature of matter
  • Probabilities

Trials to start Term 2

See also:

Adams et al 2021 (arxiv:2104.09773)

Kyla Adams

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Year 9: Models and Analogies

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Year 9: Beta Testers

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A quantum physics history based online escape room

In development but need puzzle testers

Email me if interested!

Kyla.adams@uwa.edu.au

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Year 10 : Cosmology

Cosmology introduces how gravitational waves can be used to determine the past and future of our universe.

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Darren McGoran

High school teacher

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Year 10: Cosmology�Results from a single trial

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Student Individual percentage total scores

Average pre-test  =  15%

Average post-test  = 75%

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Rahul Choudhary

  • Received PhD in 2021
  • Working as a Research Associate and coordinating research activities
  • Delivered professional workshop in Tasmania

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Micro-credential�Teaching Einsteinian Science to primary and high school teachers

  • Seven-day intensive course delivered in January 2021
  • Part of scaling up teacher training processes

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Some comments from the participants

  • The course exceeded my expectations.”
  • “The course gave me the whole picture of how each concept is carefully explained and taught in a fun, interactive way.”
  • “You have taught me clear concepts and provided me with clear lesson plans.”

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Micro-credential: A typical feedback results

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Statements

Results (%)

1.

I found this course very useful and informative

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2.

I understand why Einsteinian physics is important to introduce into the school science curriculum

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3.

I feel confident presenting an Einstein-First module to my students

100

4.

Participating in the activities and the following discussions were beneficial for my future teaching.

100

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Other Members

  • Book launch
  • Teacher training resources
  • Year 2 trials
  • Interview methods
  • Social media accounts

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  • Online resource development
  • Micro-credential course
  • Public workshops
  • And more…

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Fundraising

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Training Videos

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Questions?

Visit www.einsteinianphysics.com

Subscribe to our mailing list to get updates from the project.

Email: kyla.adams@uwa.edu.au Twitter: @KylaAdams5, @Einstein_first

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Extra Slides

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