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21ME602- COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN & MANUFACTURING��Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING��Batch/Year: 2021-2025��Created by: �Dr. K. Karthick�Dr. A. Kadirvel��Date: 03.01.2024

Table of Contents

COURSE OBJECTIVES

Students Completing this course are expected to :

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• Understand the advanced aspects of enabling computer aided technologies used in design, manufacturing and rapid product development.
• Discuss the use of computers in mechanical component design.
• Design the 3D Model of parts, assemblies and explore the features of CNC machine tools.
• Illustrate the advances in modern techniques of rapid prototyping.
• Summarize the various CAD standards in exchange of data, graphics and images.

PRE REQUISITE CHART

Computer Aided Design & Manufacturing

(VI Semester)

Engineering Graphics

(I) Semester)

CAD Lab

(III Semester)

SYLLABUS

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO CAD AND CAM (6+6)

Product cycle - Design process- sequential and concurrent engineering- Computer aided design– CAD system architecture- Computer graphics - 2D and 3D transformations-homogeneous coordinates - Line drawing – Clipping. Brief introduction to CAD and CAM – Manufacturing Planning, Manufacturing control – CAD/CAM concepts – Lean Production and Just-In-Time Production.

UNIT II GEOMETRIC MODELING (6+6)

Wireframe Modeling-Representation of curves - Hermite curve- Bezier curve- Bspline curves- rational curves -Techniques for surface modeling - Solid modeling techniques- CSG and B-rep- Assembly modeling- Top down Approach- Bottom-Up Approach.

UNIT III CAD STANDARDS (6+6)

Standards for computer graphics - Graphical Kernel System (GKS) - standards for exchange images - Open Graphics Library (OpenGL) - Data exchange standards -IGES, STEP etc. – communication standards.

UNIT IV CELLULAR MANUFACTURING AND FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM (6+6)

Group Technology (GT), Part Families – Parts Classification and coding – Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) – Production flow Analysis–Cellular Manufacturing – Composite part concept – Types of Flexibility - FMS – FMS Components – FMS Application & Benefits – FMS Planning and Control.

UNIT V ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (6+6)

Need - Development of RP systems – RP process chain - Impact of Rapid Prototyping on Product Development. - STL file generation. Rapid Prototyping system: Stereolithography (SLA)- Fused deposition Modeling (FDM)- laminated object manufacturing (LOM)- Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) - Working Principles, details of processes, products, materials, advantages, limitations and applications.

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List of Exercise/Experiments

1. Introduction to CAD Software

2. Introduction to Fundamentals of CAM

3. Creation of 3D Assembly model of Machine Elements

4. Detailing of the Assembly model of Machine Elements

5. Export the Assembly model in IGES format.

6. Import the model in STEP & DXF format.

7. Study the Application of CAPP in machining and Turning centre

8. Post Process generation using CAM Package

9. Develop a mechanical product using the 3D Printer

10.Obtain the model of the Machine Element using 3D Scanner

TOTAL: 60 PERIODS

COURSE OUTCOMES �

After successful completion of the course, the students should be able to

CO-PO/PSO Mapping

Lecture Plan �

ACTIVITY BASED LEARNING

UNIT -V

1. RP Process Chain Mapping:

Activity: Create a flowchart or diagram illustrating the entire Rapid Prototyping (RP) process chain, from conceptualization to the final product.

Tools/Resources: Whiteboard, paper, or digital tools for creating flowcharts.

2. Impact Analysis of Rapid Prototyping:

Activity: Conduct a case study analysis on a product development project, comparing the traditional and rapid prototyping approaches. Evaluate the impact on time, cost, and product quality.

Tools/Resources: Case studies, project management tools, and cost estimation models.

3. STL File Generation Exercise:

Activity: Generate a simple 3D model using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software, and then export it as an STL file.

Tools/Resources: CAD software (e.g., AutoCAD, SolidWorks), 3D printer simulation software.

4. Hands-on Prototyping with Different Technologies:

Activity: Divide participants into groups, and assign each group a Rapid Prototyping technology (SLA, FDM, LOM, SLS). Have them create a prototype using the assigned technology.

Tools/Resources: 3D printers (with different technologies), various prototyping materials.

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LECTURE NOTES

• Need for AM:
• Additive Manufacturing (AM), often referred to as 3D printing, is a revolutionary technology that has gained widespread adoption across various industries. The need for additive manufacturing arises from several factors, each contributing to its increasing significance in modern manufacturing processes. Here's an elaborate discussion on the need for additive manufacturing:
• Complex Geometries and Design Freedom:

Traditional manufacturing processes, such as subtractive manufacturing, have limitations when it comes to producing complex and intricate geometries. Additive manufacturing allows for the creation of highly intricate designs that would be challenging or impossible to achieve using conventional methods. This design freedom is particularly beneficial in industries like aerospace, healthcare, and automotive, where lightweight and complex structures are often required.

• Rapid Prototyping and Iterative Design:

One of the primary needs for additive manufacturing is its role in rapid prototyping. Traditional prototyping methods are time-consuming and may involve expensive tooling. AM enables rapid iteration and prototyping, allowing designers and engineers to quickly test and refine their ideas. This iterative design process is crucial in reducing time-to-market and improving overall product development efficiency.

• Customization and Personalization:

Additive manufacturing provides the ability to create customized and personalized products at a scale and speed that traditional manufacturing methods cannot match. Industries such as healthcare leverage AM to produce patient-specific medical implants, prosthetics, and dental components. Customization is also prominent in consumer goods, where personalized products are in high demand.

LECTURE NOTES

• Material Efficiency and Waste Reduction:

Traditional manufacturing methods often involve subtracting material from a larger block, leading to significant material waste. In contrast, additive manufacturing is an inherently more material-efficient process as it builds objects layer by layer. This not only reduces material waste but also contributes to sustainability goals and cost-effectiveness.

• On-Demand Production and Inventory Reduction:

Additive manufacturing enables on-demand production, allowing manufacturers to produce components or products as needed. This reduces the need for large inventories, as items can be manufactured when and where they are required. This shift towards on-demand manufacturing can result in significant cost savings and more agile supply chains.

• Complex Assemblies and Consolidated Parts:

Traditional manufacturing often involves creating multiple parts that are later assembled into a final product. Additive manufacturing allows for the production of complex assemblies as a single piece, reducing the need for assembly and improving structural integrity. This is especially beneficial in aerospace and automotive applications.

• Tooling and Fixture Optimization:

Traditional manufacturing methods require the production of molds, dies, and fixtures, which can be time-consuming and expensive. Additive manufacturing eliminates the need for many of these tooling components, as parts can be directly printed without the requirement for specialized tooling. This flexibility in tooling is particularly advantageous for small-batch and prototype production.

LECTURE NOTES

• DEVELOPMENT OF RAPID PROTOTYPE SYSTEMS:

The development of Rapid Prototyping (RP) systems has evolved over several decades, driven by advancements in technology and the increasing demand for quicker and more efficient product development processes. Here is an overview of the key stages and developments in the evolution of Rapid Prototyping systems:

Conceptualization (1980s):

Introduction of Stereolithography (SLA): The concept of Rapid Prototyping emerged with the invention of Stereolithography by Charles W. Hull in the 1980s. SLA was the first commercially available RP technology, utilizing a laser to solidify layers of liquid photopolymer resin.

Proliferation and Early Technologies (1990s):

Diversification of Technologies: The 1990s saw the development of additional RP technologies, including Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) by Scott Crump and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) by Carl Deckard. These technologies offered alternatives to SLA, using different materials and layering techniques.

Widespread Adoption: RP technologies gained acceptance in various industries, particularly in aerospace and automotive, for rapid prototyping and design validation.

Maturation and Material Innovation (2000s):

Advancements in Materials: The 2000s witnessed significant advancements in materials compatible with RP systems.

This included the introduction of various thermoplastics, metals, and composite materials for a broader range of applications. Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM): Another technology, LOM, was introduced, involving layering and cutting of paper or other sheet materials.

LECTURE NOTES

• Integration with CAD and Software Development (2010s):

CAD Integration: Rapid Prototyping systems became more tightly integrated with Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software, facilitating seamless transition from digital models to physical prototypes. Improved Software: The development of more sophisticated slicing and control software improved the accuracy and efficiency of RP processes.

• Mainstream Adoption and Industry 4.0 (2010s - Present):

Industry 4.0 Integration: Rapid Prototyping has become an integral part of the Industry 4.0 paradigm, emphasizing smart manufacturing and automation. Integration with IoT and data-driven technologies has enhanced the efficiency of RP systems. Diversification of Technologies and Materials: The 2010s and beyond have seen continuous innovation in RP technologies, with new methods like Digital Light Processing (DLP) and improvements in existing technologies. Materials now include advanced polymers, metals, ceramics, and even bio-compatible substances for medical applications.

• Research and Future Directions:

Bioprinting: Research is ongoing in the field of bioprinting, enabling the 3D printing of living tissues and organs for medical applications. Multi-Material Printing: Advances in multi-material printing allow the creation of complex structures with varying properties in a single print.

• Challenges and Future Trends:

Speed and Throughput: Ongoing efforts are directed toward improving the speed and throughput of RP systems for mass production applications. Material Recycling: Sustainable practices, including material recycling and reuse, are becoming important considerations in the development of RP systems.

LECTURE NOTES

• Impact of RP on Product Development

Rapid Prototyping (RP) has had a profound impact on product development across various industries. Its influence is seen in several key aspects, shaping the way products are designed, tested, and brought to market. Here are some of the significant impacts of Rapid Prototyping on product development:

1. Accelerated Product Development Cycle:

Reduced Time-to-Market: RP allows for the quick creation of physical prototypes from digital designs. This significantly shortens the product development cycle by eliminating the need for lengthy tooling and molding processes. Companies can bring products to market faster, gaining a competitive advantage.

2. Cost Savings and Iterative Design:

Minimized Design Iterations: Rapid Prototyping facilitates rapid iterations in the design phase. Designers and engineers can quickly test multiple iterations, identify flaws, and make necessary adjustments. This minimizes the number of design iterations required before finalizing a product design.

Reduced Tooling Costs: Traditional manufacturing methods often involve expensive tooling and molds. RP eliminates or reduces the need for these tools, leading to substantial cost savings, especially for small production runs or prototyping.

3. Enhanced Design Flexibility and Complexity:

Design Freedom: RP technologies allow for the creation of complex geometries and intricate designs that are challenging or impossible with traditional methods. This design freedom enables innovation and the development of more efficient and aesthetically pleasing products.

Integration of Features: Products can be designed with integrated features, such as internal channels or lattice structures, that enhance functionality and performance. This is particularly valuable in industries like aerospace and automotive.

LECTURE NOTES

4. Improved Communication and Collaboration:

Visualization of Concepts: Physical prototypes generated through RP provide a tangible representation of a design. This aids in communication between designers, engineers, and stakeholders, ensuring a shared understanding of the product's form and function.

Collaboration Across Teams: Teams located in different geographic locations can collaborate more effectively by sharing physical prototypes for evaluation and feedback. This is crucial in the era of globalized product development.

5. Customization and Personalization:

Tailored Solutions: RP enables the creation of customized and personalized products. In industries like healthcare, this means the production of patient-specific implants, prosthetics, and medical devices. Consumers also benefit from customized products tailored to their individual needs and preferences.

6. Reduced Risk through Prototyping:

Risk Mitigation: By creating physical prototypes early in the development process, potential issues and design flaws can be identified and addressed before mass production. This reduces the risk of costly errors and product recalls, enhancing overall product quality.

7. On-Demand Production and Localized Manufacturing:

Flexible Manufacturing: RP supports on-demand and localized production, allowing companies to manufacture products as needed. This reduces the need for large inventories and enables a more responsive and agile manufacturing approach.

Supply Chain Resilience: The ability to produce parts locally or on-site with RP systems enhances supply chain resilience by reducing dependence on centralized manufacturing facilities.

LECTURE NOTES

8. Sustainable Practices:

Material Efficiency: RP processes can be more material-efficient than traditional manufacturing methods, reducing waste. Additionally, the ability to recycle and reuse certain materials contributes to more sustainable product development practices.

9. Market Testing and Validation:

Market Validation: Physical prototypes generated through RP can be used for market testing and validation. Companies can gauge customer reactions and preferences before committing to large-scale production, reducing the risk associated with market acceptance.

10. Innovation in Materials:

Exploration of New Materials: The development of RP has spurred innovation in materials science. New materials with unique properties, including advanced polymers, metals, and composites, are continually being explored for use in additive manufacturing.

In summary, the impact of Rapid Prototyping on product development is extensive, influencing speed, cost, design flexibility, collaboration, customization, risk mitigation, and sustainability. As technology continues to advance, the role of RP is likely to expand, further transforming the landscape of product development and manufacturing.

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LECTURE NOTES

Stereolithography (SLA)

Stereolithography (SLA) is an additive manufacturing or 3D printing technology that was invented by Chuck Hull in the 1980s. It belongs to the category of vat photopolymerization, where a liquid photopolymer resin is selectively cured layer by layer using a light source. Here are the key aspects of Stereolithography:

Working Principles:

Photopolymerization:

The process begins with a vat filled with liquid photopolymer resin.

A UV laser or other light source selectively solidifies the resin layer by layer, following the cross-sectional pattern of the 3D model.

Layer-by-Layer Build:

The 3D model is sliced into thin layers, and the laser traces the pattern of each layer, solidifying the resin and building up the object.

Platform Lowering:

After each layer is cured, the build platform is lowered to allow the next layer of resin to be exposed and cured.

LECTURE NOTES

Materials:

Photopolymer Resins:

SLA typically uses liquid photopolymer resins that cure when exposed to specific wavelengths of light.

Resins come in various types, including standard, flexible, transparent, and castable resins.

Products:

Prototypes:

SLA is commonly used for rapid prototyping in product development due to its high precision and surface finish.

Custom Parts:

It is employed to create highly detailed and intricate custom parts for various applications.

Advantages:

High Resolution: SLA provides high precision and fine details in printed objects.

Smooth Surface Finish: The technology yields smooth surface finishes, reducing the need for post-processing.

Wide Material Range: Various photopolymer resins with different properties cater to different applications.

Complex Geometries: SLA can produce complex and intricate geometries that may be challenging for other manufacturing methods.

LECTURE NOTES

Limitations:

Material Limitations:

Limited material choices compared to some other 3D printing methods.

Post-Processing Requirements:

Parts often require post-curing and additional post-processing steps.

Build Size Constraints:

Build volumes can be smaller compared to other 3D printing methods.

Applications:

Prototyping:

Rapid prototyping for product development and design iteration.

Jewelry and Dental Industries:

Used for creating highly detailed and precise models in jewelry and dental applications.

Custom Parts Manufacturing:

Production of customized and intricate parts for various industries.

Medical Models:

Creating anatomical models for surgical planning and education.

Aerospace and Automotive:

Prototyping and production of parts for aerospace and automotive applications.

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LECTURE NOTES

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a widely used additive manufacturing technology, commonly known as 3D printing. It was developed by Scott Crump in the late 1980s and commercialized by his company, Stratasys. Here are the key aspects of Fused Deposition Modeling:

Working Principles:

Material Extrusion:

FDM works by extruding thermoplastic filament through a heated nozzle.

The nozzle moves in the X, Y, and Z axes, depositing material layer by layer.

Layer-by-Layer Build:

The 3D model is sliced into layers, and the printer deposits material following the cross-sectional pattern of each layer.

Material Solidification:

The extruded thermoplastic quickly cools and solidifies to form the desired shape.

Materials:

Thermoplastic Filaments:

FDM primarily uses thermoplastic filaments such as ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), PLA (Polylactic Acid), PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol), and others.

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LECTURE NOTES

Products:

Prototypes: FDM is commonly used for rapid prototyping in product development due to its affordability and accessibility.

Functional Parts: It is used to produce functional end-use parts, especially when strength and durability are not the primary concerns.

Advantages:

Cost-Effective: FDM printers are relatively affordable and accessible, making them suitable for a wide range of users.

Material Variety:

A variety of thermoplastic materials are available, offering different mechanical and aesthetic properties.

Ease of Use: FDM printers are user-friendly and require minimal setup.

Large Build Volumes: Some FDM printers can accommodate large build volumes, allowing for the production of larger parts.

Limitations:

Layer Resolution: FDM prints may have visible layer lines, impacting surface finish compared to some other 3D printing methods.

Material Limitations: Limited material choices compared to other additive manufacturing technologies.

Support Structures: Overhangs and complex geometries may require support structures, adding to post-processing time.

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LECTURE NOTES

Applications:

Prototyping: Rapid prototyping for concept validation and design iteration.

Concept Models: Creating visual representations of designs for communication and presentation.

Educational Use: FDM printers are commonly used in educational settings due to their affordability and ease of use.

Custom Tools and Jigs: Producing customized tools, jigs, and fixtures for manufacturing processes.

Architectural Models: Building scale models for architectural visualization.

FDM remains a popular 3D printing technology due to its accessibility and versatility, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, particularly in prototyping and design validation. Advances in materials and printer technology continue to expand its capabilities.

LECTURE NOTES

LAMINATED OBJECT MANUFACTURING (LOM)

Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) is an additive manufacturing process that was developed by Michael Feygin in the late 1980s. LOM involves layering and bonding sheets of material to create a three-dimensional object. Here are the key aspects of Laminated Object Manufacturing:

Working Principles:

Layered Construction:

LOM builds objects layer by layer by stacking and bonding sheets of material.

Selective Adhesion:

Each layer is selectively adhered to the previous one using heat, pressure, or an adhesive.

CNC Machining:

After each layer is added, excess material is typically removed by milling or cutting using a computer numerical control (CNC) machine to shape the object.

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LECTURE NOTES

Materials:

Laminates:

LOM typically uses sheets or laminates of materials such as paper, plastic, or metal.

Products:

Prototypes:

LOM is often used for rapid prototyping and creating concept models.

Architectural Models:

Building scale models for architectural visualization.

Tooling and Patterns:

Producing molds, patterns, or templates for casting and other manufacturing processes.

Advantages:

Material Variety:

LOM can use a variety of materials, including paper, plastic, and metal laminates.

Large Build Sizes:

LOM machines can produce relatively large objects compared to some other additive manufacturing technologies.

Cost-Effective:

LOM can be cost-effective for certain applications, especially when large parts are needed.

LECTURE NOTES

Limitations:

Surface Finish:

The surface finish may not be as smooth as some other 3D printing technologies.

Layered Appearance:

The layered construction can be visible in the final product, affecting aesthetics.

Material Limitations:

While LOM can use various materials, the range may not be as extensive as some other additive manufacturing methods.

Applications:

Rapid Prototyping: Creating prototypes for design validation and iteration.

Architectural Models: Building scale models for architectural visualization and presentations.

Tooling and Patterns: Producing molds, patterns, and templates for use in traditional manufacturing processes.

Educational Models: Creating educational models for teaching and learning purposes.

LOM is well-suited for applications where large parts are needed, and the appearance of visible layers is acceptable. While it may not offer the same level of precision as some other 3D printing technologies, it remains a valuable option for certain prototyping and manufacturing needs. Advances in technology may further improve the capabilities and materials available for LOM.

LECTURE NOTES

SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING (SLS)

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing technology that uses a laser to sinter or fuse powdered materials, typically polymers or metals, layer by layer, to create three-dimensional objects. Here are the key aspects of Selective Laser Sintering:

Working Principles:

Powder Bed Fusion: SLS operates on the principle of powder bed fusion, where a bed of powdered material is selectively fused by a laser according to the cross-sectional pattern of the 3D model.

Layer-by-Layer Construction: The 3D model is sliced into thin layers, and the powdered material is selectively sintered layer by layer.

Sintering Process: The laser selectively heats and fuses the powder particles, solidifying them into a solid layer.

Platform Lowering: After each layer is sintered, the build platform is lowered, and a new layer of powder is spread over the previous layer.

LECTURE NOTES

Materials:

Polymers: Common polymer materials used in SLS include nylon, polyamide, and other thermoplastics.

Metals: Some SLS machines can sinter metal powders like aluminum, stainless steel, and titanium.

Products:

Prototypes: SLS is widely used for rapid prototyping due to its ability to create complex geometries.

End-Use Parts: It can produce functional end-use parts, especially in industries where durability and strength are essential.

Advantages:

Material Variety: SLS supports a wide range of materials, including polymers and metals.

Complex Geometries: SLS is capable of producing intricate and complex geometries that may be challenging for other manufacturing methods.

No Support Structures: Unlike some other 3D printing technologies, SLS doesn't require support structures for overhangs, as unsintered powder provides natural support.

Limitations:

Surface Finish: The surface finish of SLS parts may not be as smooth as some other 3D printing methods, and post-processing may be required.

Equipment Cost: SLS machines can be more expensive than some other 3D printing technologies.

Material Cost: Materials used in SLS can be relatively costly, especially for certain metals.

LECTURE NOTES

Applications:

Aerospace: Production of lightweight and complex components for aerospace applications.

Automotive: Prototyping and manufacturing of automotive parts.

Medical: Customized medical implants, prosthetics, and anatomical models.

Consumer Goods: Production of consumer products, including functional and aesthetically pleasing prototypes.

Tooling: Creation of molds and tooling components for various manufacturing processes.

Selective Laser Sintering is valued for its versatility in material choices, capability to produce functional parts, and suitability for complex designs. As technology advances, SLS continues to find applications in various industries.

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ASSIGNMENTS

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PART – A Q&A

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PART – A Q&A

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PART – B Questions

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Supportive Online Courses

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Coursera:

Course Title: "Additive Manufacturing: From 3D Printing to the Factory Floor"

Provider: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

URL: https://www.coursera.org/specializations/3d-printing-additive-manufacturing

edX:

Course Title: "Additive Manufacturing for Aerospace"

Provider: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

URL: Additive Manufacturing for Aerospace on edX

LinkedIn Learning:

Course Title: "Additive Manufacturing: Design for 3D Printing"

Provider: LinkedIn Learning

URL: Design for 3D Printing on LinkedIn Learning

Udemy:

Course Title: "Introduction to Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing"

Provider: Udemy

URL: Introduction to Additive Manufacturing on Udemy

SWAYAM NPTEL:

Course Title: "Fundamentals of Additive Manufacturing Technologies"

Provider: IIT Guwahati

URL: https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc22_me122/preview

Real time application in day to day life and to Industry

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Customized Consumer Products: Example: Personalized phone cases, jewelry, and accessories can be easily produced using additive manufacturing, allowing individuals to express their unique style.

Prosthetics and Orthopedic Devices: Example: Customized prosthetic limbs and orthopedic implants are created using 3D printing, providing a tailored fit for individuals with specific anatomical needs.

Dental Products: Example: Dental crowns, bridges, and other dental prosthetics can be manufactured with precision using additive manufacturing, improving the accuracy of dental treatments.

Educational Models: Example: Students can benefit from 3D-printed educational models, enhancing their understanding of complex subjects such as anatomy, geography, and physics.

Industry: Aerospace: Example: Additive manufacturing is used to produce lightweight and complex aircraft components, reducing weight and improving fuel efficiency.

Automotive: Example: Prototyping and manufacturing of automotive parts using 3D printing allow for rapid design iterations and the production of lightweight, high-performance components.

Medical Devices: Example: Customized implants, surgical guides, and medical models are produced using additive manufacturing, improving the precision and success rates of medical procedures.

Tooling and Jigs: Example: Manufacturing tools, jigs, and fixtures are 3D printed to streamline production processes, reduce costs, and enhance flexibility on the factory floor.

Architectural Models: Example: Architects use additive manufacturing to create detailed architectural models, facilitating better communication of design concepts to clients and stakeholders.

ASSESSMENT SCHEDULE

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Tentative schedule for assessment tests and model exam

• Unit Test-I :
• Internal Assessment Test-I : 12.02.2024 to 17.02.2024
• Unit Test-II :
• Internal Assessment Test –II : 01.04.2024 to 06.04.2024
• Model Exam : 20.04.2024 to 30.04.2024

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PRESCRIBED TEXT BOOKS & REFERENCE BOOKS

TEXT BOOKS:

T1. Ibrahim Zeid “Mastering CAD CAM” Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. 2020

T2. Mikell.P. Groover “Automation, Production Systems and Computer Integrated Manufacturing”, Prentice Hall of India, 2020.

T3. Mikell.P. Groover , „‟CAD CAM Theory and Practice‟‟ Special Indian Edition, 2019

T4. Rapid prototyping: Principles and applications, second edition, Chua C.K., Leong K.F and Lim C.S., World Scientific Publishers, 2019.

REFERENCES:

R1. Chris McMahon and Jimmie Browne “CAD/CAM Principles”, "Practice and Manufacturing management “Fourth Edition, Pearson Education,2019.

R2. Donald Hearn and M. Pauline Baker “Computer Graphics”. Prentice Hall Inc, 2020.

R3. Foley, Wan Dam, Feiner and Hughes - "Computer graphics principles & practice" Pearson Education, 2019

R4. William M Neumann and Robert F. Sproul “Principles of Computer Graphics”, McGraw Hill Book Co. Singapore, 2018

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Mini Project Suggestions

1. Mini Project: 3D Printed Puzzle Cube

Objective: Create a 3D puzzle cube using a Rapid Prototyping system such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM).

Tasks:

Design the puzzle cube using 3D modeling software.

Generate the STL file for the puzzle cube.

Use an FDM 3D printer to produce the puzzle cube.

Evaluate the precision and quality of the printed puzzle.

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2. Mini Project: SLA Jewelry Design

Objective: Explore Stereolithography (SLA) for creating intricate jewelry designs.

Tasks:

Design a custom piece of jewelry using 3D modeling software.

Generate the STL file for the jewelry design.

Utilize an SLA 3D printer to produce the jewelry prototype.

Assess the surface finish and details of the printed jewelry.

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3. Mini Project: LOM Architectural Model

Objective: Develop a small-scale architectural model using Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM).

Tasks:

Select an architectural design for a building or structure.

Generate the STL file for the architectural model.

Use a LOM system to create the layers of the model.

Assemble and evaluate the accuracy of the architectural model.

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4. Mini Project: SLS Functional Prototype

Objective: Demonstrate the functionality of Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) by creating a functional prototype.

Tasks:

Identify a simple mechanical or structural component for prototyping.

Design the part using 3D modeling software.

Generate the STL file and print it using SLS technology.

Test and evaluate the functional capabilities of the printed prototype.

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5. Mini Project: Multi-material FDM Object

Objective: Explore the capabilities of multi-material Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM).

Tasks:

Design an object that incorporates multiple materials or colors.

Generate the STL file with specifications for multi-material printing.

Use a multi-material FDM printer to produce the object.

Assess the feasibility and quality of the multi-material printing.

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6. Mini Project: Comparative Analysis of RP Systems

Objective: Compare the output of different Rapid Prototyping systems for the same design.

Tasks:

Choose a simple and geometrically complex design.

Generate STL files for SLA, FDM, LOM, and SLS.

Print the design using each of the selected RP systems.

Evaluate and compare the quality, speed, and cost-effectiveness of each print.

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Disclaimer:��This document is confidential and intended solely for the educational purpose of RMK Group of Educational Institutions. If you have received this document through email in error, please notify the system manager. This document contains proprietary information and is intended only to the respective group / learning community as intended. If you are not the addressee you should not disseminate, distribute or copy through e-mail. Please notify the sender immediately by e-mail if you have received this document by mistake and delete this document from your system. If you are not the intended recipient you are notified that disclosing, copying, distributing or taking any action in reliance on the contents of this information is strictly prohibited.

Thank you