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The Musculoskeletal System

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The Musculoskeletal System

  • The organs of the musculoskeletal system are the bones and skeletal muscle

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Structural features of the Skeleton

  • There are three types of connective tissue in the skeleton
    • Bones
    • Cartilage
    • Ligaments

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Joints in the Human Body

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About how many muscles do you think the human body has?

Answer = 650

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Where do we have muscles?

We have muscles all over our body!

Face

Tongue

Eyes

Legs

Arms

Heart

Hands

Ears

Neck

Stomach

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How many muscles do you think are in our face and neck?

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Our face and neck contain about one-fourth of the muscles in our body.

That is about 162 muscles.

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Smile or Frown?

  1. It takes 17 muscles to smile and 43 muscles to frown
  2. It takes 26 muscles to smile and 62 muscles to frown

                  

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What conclusion can we make from these two statements?

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What are muscles made of?

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Muscles are made of hundreds of tiny fibers.

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Can you feel some of your muscles?

Hold a book in front of you. Where in your arm do you feel the muscles move?

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Move your neck from left to right and up and down. What do you feel?

Move your fingers around. Where do you feel those muscles move?

Stand on your toes. Do you feel the muscles in the back of your legs?

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What do muscles need?

  • Muscles need oxygen in order to work properly.
  • When they do not get enough oxygen, they can get sore or cramp up.
  • When the muscles in your heart do not get enough oxygen, you can have a heart attack.

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How do muscles� move our bones?

  • Do muscles pull or push our bones?

Muscles pull in order to make our bones move.

Our muscles usually work in pairs.

One muscle contracts (pulls) while the opposite muscle relaxes

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When your arm is bent:

  • Your bicep is contracted
  • Your tricep is relaxed

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�When your arm is straight:

  • Your bicep is relaxed
  • Your tricep is contracted

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3 Types of muscles�

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There are three different types of muscle in our body.

  1. Skeletal muscles
  2. Smooth muscles
  3. Cardiac muscles

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Skeletal muscles

  • Are voluntary muscles that move bones.
  • Are called striated because they look striped
  • Are attached to tendons, which are attached to bones.

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Cardiac Muscle

A special kind of involuntary, striated (striped) muscle that makes up the heart.

The muscles in the heart contract in order to pump the blood through your body.

If your muscle stops pumping the blood, you have a heart attack.

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Smooth Muscles

Are involuntary muscles that make up the blood vessels, stomach, intestines, and other organs

We can not control our smooth muscles

Examples:

    • Bladder
    • Uterus
    • Esophagus

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What happens when we do not use our muscles?

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Our muscles get smaller, which makes them weak.

Can you think of some examples of when this may happen?

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Problems with the Musculoskeletal System

  • Osteoporosis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Fibromyalgia

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