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はじめにお読みください！

活動報告会にご参加いただきありがとうございます！

15:10~15:35 発表企画と活動報告

15:35~15:40 質疑応答

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第3回活動報告会

2021/9/19

渡部綾一

京都大学大学院文学研究科博士後期課程

watanabe.ryoichi.27a@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp

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報告内容

・ASSC (国際意識学会) での話題提供内容

・今週の活動報告

・来週の活動計画

・質疑応答

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Young children’s subjective and objective thresholds of visual consciousness �using a backward masking task

2021/6/16

Ryoichi WATANABE & Yusuke Moriguchi (Kyoto University)

watanabe.ryoichi.27a@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II

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Introduction

Adults' threshold for visual consciousness is around 50 ms and occurs in all or nothing (Del Cul et al., 2006).

Infants' threshold of visual consciousness and neural correlates of consciousness differ from adults (Gelskov & Kouider, 2010; Kouider et al., 2013).

- The developmental process of visual consciousness are unclear.

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Introduction

In this study, we clarify the threshold and occurrence process of visual consciousness in young children.

- We used a backward masking task to examine the subjective measure (subjective visibility of stimuli) and objective measure (discrimination task performance) in 5-6 year old children and adults.

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Methods�Watanabe. R., & Moriguchi. Y. (in progress, osf.io/dgy3v)

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Which figure did present?

Did you see it?

osf.io/dgy3v

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Methods�Watanabe. R., & Moriguchi. Y. (in progress, osf.io/dgy3v)

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Standberg et al. (2011)’s model

𝑎;𝑏: Lower and upper plateau

c: Centre of Slope (threshold)

d: Slope range (sharpness)

X = SOA

Fig. 3. at Standberg et al. (2011)

osf.io/dgy3v

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Results (Children: 13, Adults: 20)

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Adult’s Objective

c: 77.67

d: 26.23

Adult’s Subjective

c: 98.69

d: 18.83

Child’s Objective

c: 133.54

d: 22.56

Child’s Subjective

c: 100.75

d: 25.17

Error bar: Standard Deviation

Here are the results. The data includes 13 young children and 20 adults. We are in the process of collecting data, so no statistical test like ANOVA has been done. The upper panels shows the data of objective measure. The vertical axis is the accuracy of the discrimination task, and the horizontal axis is the SOA. The lower panel shows the data of subjective measure. The vertical axis is the seen rate, and the horizontal axis is the SOA. According to the variables in the model for the objective measure, the c for threshold for children was around 133 ms, and that for adults was around 78 ms. The d for steepness of the occurrence process of adults was larger than that of children. According to the variables in the model of subjective measure, the c for threshold for children was around 100 ms, and that for adults was also around 100 ms. The d for steepness of the occurrence process of children was larger than adults.�

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Results (Children: 13, Adults: 20)

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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- The threshold for the objective measure in young children was larger than that of adults.

- The threshold for the subjective measure was the same for young children and adults.

- The model of the objective measure in adults was more gradual than that of young children.

- The model of the subjective measure in young children was more gradual than adults.

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Discussion

The threshold for the objective measure in young children was larger than that of adults.

-> The development of the cognitive function (e.g., WM and Attention) and the brain structure (e.g., PFC and Fronto-Parietal network)

- The model of the objective measure in adults was more gradual than that of young children.

-> The low performance of young children at more than 160 ms

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Discussion

- The threshold for the subjective measure was the same for young children and adults.

-> The perceptual areas of the occipital cortex are needed for subjective measure, not the frontal cortex and Fronto-Parietal network

- The model of the subjective measure in young children was more gradual than adults.

-> The high judgement of young children at smaller than 80 ms

Or really, subjective visibility develop and approach to all or none occurrence process with age.

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Conclusion

- Objective measure of visual consciousness may become more precise and have smaller thresholds as cognitive functions and brain structures develop.

- Subjective measure of visual consciousness may approach the all-or-nothing occurrence process with age due to learning or experience, although the threshold is similar to that of adults from young children.

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Future

Complete and analyze the data

Examine the Perceptual Awareness Scale for young children

Measure the neural correlates during this task for young children

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Questions and Comments

Mail Address：

watanabe.ryoichi.27a@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Twitter：

https://twitter.com/watanaberkyoto

ASSC24 Concurrent Talks

Perceptual consciousness II 2021/6/16

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Qualin and Nomin

by Kakenhi Qualia Structure

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来週の活動計画 (9/12)

・若手海外挑戦プログラム申請書を提出する

・脳波研究の倫理申請関連の確認を終わらせる

・論文修正を終わらせる

・発達の国際会議アブストを修正し、共同研究者に送る

・京都市立高校の探求ゼミのTAをする

・大学院受験予備校の授業をする

・論文読んでカジュアルトークをする

・脳のジャーナルクラブで発表する

・意識研究会の読み会に参加する

・クラファンの宣伝をする

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今週の活動報告

・若手海外挑戦プログラム申請書を提出する

・脳波研究の倫理申請関連の確認を終わらせる

・論文修正を終わらせる

・発達の国際会議アブストを修正し、共同研究者に送る

・京都市立高校の探求ゼミのTAをする

・大学院受験予備校の授業をする

・論文読んでカジュアルトークをする

・脳のジャーナルクラブで発表する

・意識研究会の読み会に参加する

・クラファンの宣伝をする

全て達成！！

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今週の活動報告 (追加)

・新しい研究の共同研究者研究会を行いました。

・京大教育学研究科の同期から、経済面に関するインタヴューを受けました。

・サポーター数が26名になりました！ありがとうございます！

・

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来週の活動計画

・論文を修正する、共同研究者に送る

・発達の国際学会BCCCDの発表原稿を修正して、投稿する

・脳波研究の倫理申請書を書いて、共同研究者に送る

・論文修正MTG (月曜朝！) をする

・研究室読書会に参加する・発表する (火・水)

・京都市高校の探求ゼミTAをする (火)

・クラウドファンディング・研究生活についてインタヴューを受ける (火)

・クオリア構造リサーチアシスタント (水・金)

・研究室合同ジャーナルクラブ (木)

・大学院受験予備校で授業する (木・金・土)

・論文読んで英語でディスカッションする (土)

・活動報告会をする (日)