Class 8 Assignment Subject: History
Unit 2 From Trade to Territory
Part –B
1.
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, (Oct. 18, 1748), treaty negotiated largely by Britain and France, with the other powers following their lead, ending the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–48).
2.
Answer:
Raghunath Rao was pensioned off and MadhavRao II was accepted as the Peshwa.
Salsette was given to the British.
The Treaty of Salbai established the British influence in Indian politics. It provided the British twenty years of peace with the Marathas.
3.
Aftermath. The immediate result of the mutiny was a general housecleaning of the Indian administration. The East India Company was abolished in favour of the direct rule of India by the British government.
4.
The company took over the princely states of Satara (1848), Jaitpur and Sambalpur(1849), Bhagat (1850), Udaipur (Chhattisgarh) (1852), Jhansi (1853), Nagpur (1854), Tore and Arcot (1855) under the terms of the doctrine of lapse. Oudh (1856) is widely believed to have been annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse.
5.
Answer:�Causes:
Haider Ali’s growing power and his friendly relations with the French became a matter of concern for the English East India Company.
The Marathas, the Nizam and the English entered into a triple alliance against Haider Ali.
III. Answer in detail
Part 凡 C
1.
Answer:�Factors for the success of the British:
Greater naval power.
Development of textile.
Scientific division of labour.
Economic prosperity and skillful diplomacy of the British.
Feelings of insecurity among the Indian merchants.
The inequality and ignorance of the Indian kings.
Part-b
1.
Elements of weather and climate include measurements of wind speed and direction, type of rain and amounts, humidity levels, air pressure, cloud cover, cloud types and air temperatures. ... Scientists postulate that both daily weather and climates are in the process of changing because of human intervention and nature
2.
The latitude of the Place. The altitude of the Place. Distance From The Sea. The presence of warm and cold ocean Currents.
3.
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance. The higher the temperature of an object, the higher is its kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is a type of energy associated with motion. ... The units that are used to measure temperature are called degrees
4.
This zone lies between the Tropic of cancer and the Arctic circle in the Northern Hemisphere and between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic circle in the Southern Hemisphere. This zone gets the slanting rays of the sun and the angle of the sun’s rays goes on decreasing towards the poles. Thus this zone experiences moderate temperature.
5.
Air pressure is calculated by an Aneroid Barometer.
Part- C
Explain the Heat Zones of the earth.�Answer:�Heat zones of the earth:�The fact that the earth is spherical in shape results in different parts of the earth getting heated differently. Based on the heat received from the sun, Earth is divided into three heat zones. They are
1. Torrid Zone:�It is a region between the tropic of cancer and the tropic of Capricorn. This region receives the direct rays of the sun and gets the maximum heat from the sun. This zone is known as the torrid or the tropical zone
2. Temperate zone:�This zone lies between the Tropic of cancer and the Arctic circle in the Northern Hemisphere and between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic circle in the Southern Hemisphere. This zone gets the slanting rays of the sun and the angle of the sun’s rays goes on decreasing towards the poles. Thus this zone experiences moderate temperature.
3. Frigid Zone:�The frigid zone lies between the Arctic circle and the North Pole and between the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole. This region is also known as the Polar region. Since it receives extremely low temperatures throughout the year, these regions are covered with snow.