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Wel-Come to

2ND PUC Slides

By:Somashekar Hiremath

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TOPIC:

PROBLEMS OF HORMONAL IMBALANCES

IN HUMANS

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1} ANTERIOR LOBE OF

PITUITARY GLAND

HORMONE: Growth hormone

FUNCTION: Stimulates growth by stimulating protein

synthesis

HYPOSECRETION: Dwarfism

HYPERSECRETION: Gigantism

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DWARFISM

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GIANTISM

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2} POSTERIOR LOBE OF PITUITARY GLAND

HORMONE: Oxytocin

FUNCTION: Stimulates secretion of milk from mammary glands;causes contraction of uterus at the time of child birth.

HYPOSECRETION: Deficiency causes overprodution of urine leading to DIABETES INSIPIDUS

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3} THYROID GLAND

HORMONE: Thyroxine[T4] & Tri iodothyronine[T3]

FUNCTION: Controls metabolism chiefly oxidising system maturation ; regulation of body temperature by calorigenic action

HYPOSECRETION: Critenism in children & Gulls disease in adults with development of Goitre.

HYPERSECRETION: Resulting in Graves disease with bulging eyes

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4} PARATHYROID GLAND

  • HORMONE: Parathormone
  • FUNCTION: Maintains proper level of calcium and phosphorous by regulating renal action ; causes a release of phosphate from kidneys controlling calcium & phosphate amount in bones
  • HYPOSECRETION: Hypocalcemia
  • HYPERSECRETION: Hypercalcemia

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5} PANCREAS

  • {1} HORMONE: Insulin
  • FUNCTION: Stimulates metabolism of carbohydrate ; influences the storage & utilisation of sugar ; inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis ; stimulates glycogenesis
  • HYPOSECRETION: Daibetes
  • HYPERSECRETION: Insulin shock

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  • {2} HORMONE: Glucagon
  • FUNCTION: Influencesthe enzymatic of phosphorylase controlling glycogenolysis in the liver & muscles
  • HPOSECRETION: Causes hypoglycemia

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6} ADRENAL GLAND

  • {1} HORMONE: Adrenal medulla
  • FUNCTION: Regulates heartbeat , blood pressure , sympathetatic nervous system , the contraction of involuntary muscles of , eyes , gut etc , production of blood , flow of saliva & sweat under emotional state
  • HYPOSECRETION: Causes low BP , slow working of heart & lungs.
  • HYPERSECRETION: Causes rise in BP , rapid heartbeat & lungs

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  • {2} HORMONE: Adrenal cortex
  • FUNCTION: Regulates water & electrolyte balance; regulate fat,protien & carbohydrate metabolism; stimulates development of male secondary sexual characters & female secondary sexual characters
  • HYPOSECRETION: Addison’s disease
  • HYPERSECRETION: Cushing’s disease

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7} GONADS

  • {1} HORMONE: Testosterone
  • FUNCTION: Effects the normal development of functions of secondary sexual characters in male
  • HYPOSECRETION: Causes poor development of sexual characters leading to feminism

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  • {2} HORMONE: Estrogen
  • FUNCTION: Effects development of secondary sexual characters in female , inhibits FSH , stimulates LH
  • HYPOSECRETION: Leads to failure of development of secondary sex characters

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  • {3} HORMONE: Progesterone
  • FUNCTION: Stimulates uterus for pregnancy , implantation , & formation of placenta also mammary glands
  • HYPOSECRETION: Causes abortion & misconception

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{8} KIDNEY

  • {1} HORMONE: Renin
  • FUNCTION: Converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin

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  • {2} HORMONE: Calcitriol
  • FUNCTION: Ca2+ & phosphorous absorption & bone formation

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  • {3} HORMONE: Erythropoietin
  • FUNCTION: Increases the production of RBCs

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THANK YOU