JEEVAK AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE
AND RESEARCH CENTRE
Kamalapur,Akauni Chanduali,up
GUIDED BY- Dr.Amit Kumar Singh(H.O.D)
Associate Professor
Dr.Varsha Gupta
Assistant Professor
Department of Rachna sharir
Presented By: Atul Vishal
Roll no –
Bams –1st Prof
Batch=2023-24
Topic: Placenta Formation
INDEX
-Implantation
-Formation of chorionic villi
-Formation of placenta
-Placental membrane
-Placental circulation
-Function of placental
-Placental Hormone
Implantation
*Begins on the 6th day after fertilization
*Embedding of blastocyst in the wall of uterus
*Disappearance of zona pellucida
*Cells of the trophoblast stick to the endometrium
*After implantation of the embryo, the uterine endometrium is called the Decidua.
Formation of Chorionic Villi
-Villi are the essential functional elements of the placenta.
-Small finger like processes.
-Surrounded by maternal blood.
-Fetal blood circulates in their substance through capillaries.
-Called as Chorionic villi as arises as offshoots from chorion.
Primary Villus (Day 13-14)
-All elements (syncytium, cytotrophoblas and extraembryoni mesoderm) take part in formation of chorionic villi. Three stages in formation of chorionic villi are seen:
-Primary villus: central core of cytotrophoblast covered by a layer of syncytiotrophoblast. Adjoining villi are separated by an intervillous space.
DEFINITION
*Placenta fetometranal is a organ which is the primary site of nutrient and gas exchange between the fetus and the mother.
*Human Placenta is discoidal, haemochori, chorioallantoic and de.
PLACENTA AT TERM
# Expelled placenta-flat discoidal
*Volume- 500ml (200-950ml)
*Weight- 500gms(200-800 gms)
*Diameter- 185mm(150-200mm)
*Thickness- 23mm(10-40mm)
-Placenta & decidua are shed off after the birth.
Placental Circulation
➤ foetal placental circulation
• umbilical vein
• chorionic veins
*arterial capillary venous system of villi
*umbilical arteries
Functions of Placenta
—Enables the transport of oxygen, water. electrolytes and nutrition (carbohydrates, lipids, polypeptides, maternal to fetal blood. ids & vitamins) from maternal blood.
—Excretion of carbon dioxide, urea etc. by the fetus into the maternal blood.
• Acts as a barrier (bacteria, viruses, drugs).
• Maternal antibodies (IgG) gives immunity to the fetus.
• Keeps the maternal & fetal blood streams separate, thereby preventing antigenic reactions.
Placental Hormones
*hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin):- Excreted through maternal urine - Used as a test to detect pregnancy
*hCS (human chorionic somatomammotropin): -hCS has an anti-insulin effect on mother - Also enhances glucose utilization by the fetus
-For maintenance of pregnancy after 4th month (when the corpus lutum degenerates).
*OESTROGEN
*PROGESTERONE
-Uterine growth
-Development of mammary gland