1 of 14

King Aleksandar I Karadjordjevic

Time for history

2 of 14

Early youth

​

​

  • Aleksandar was the second son of King Petar I Karadjordjevic and Duchess Zorka.

​

​

  • He was born on December 16, 1888 in Cetinje.

​

​

  • He left Montenegro with his family in order to go to Geneva.

​

Aleksandar with his sister Jelena and brothers Djordje and Pavle

3 of 14

Aleksandar’s education

  • began primary school in Geneva
  • he began his higher education in 1899 in “Правоведение” school in St. Petersburg
  • in Belgrade in 1903, he continued his education where he had a tutor
  • military and legal sciences were the basis for the future heir to the throne

4 of 14

Wars in which Aleksandar took part

First Balkan War

October 23, 1912 – Battle at Kumanovo

November 16 to 18, 1912 – battle of Bitolj

May 30, 1913 – peace in London

Second Balkan War

June 30, 1913 – attack on the positions of Serbian troops on Bregalnica

August 10, 1913 – peace in Bucharest

The First World War

June 28, 1914 – Assassination of Franz Ferdinand and his wife

August 17, 1914 – first Allied victory

1915 – withdrawal through Albania

September 1, 1918 – breakthrough of the front on Dobro polje

1912

1913

1913

1914

1918

5 of 14

Aleksandar during the wars

  • During the First Balkan War, he was the commander of the First Army.

​

  • After the Balkan wars, Aleksandar became the regent and commander of the entire Serbian army.

​

  • Aleksandar fell ill while retreating through Albania, so he had to undergo a difficult operation in Skadar.

​

​

6 of 14

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes

The Corfu Declaration – July 20, 1917

  • It was decided to name the state, as well as to be a constitutional, democratic and parliamentary monarchy.

The question of the monarchy

  • The issue of the monarchy and the Karadjordjevic dynasty was resolved before the founding of the Yugoslav state.

The first act of December 1918

  • The power of the monarch – the only state power.
  • The first government was formed on December 20, 1918.

7 of 14

Marriage of Aleksandar Karadjordjevic

Aleksandar I Karadjordjevic

The engagement – February 19, 1922

The wedding – May 26, 1922

Marija Hoencolern

They had three sons, Petar (1923), Tomislav (1928) and Andrej (1929).

8 of 14

Internal policy of Aleksandar

Constitution:

  1. The Vidovdan Constitution – June 28, 1921
  2. The new enacted constitution – 1931

​

  • Coup d'etat – January 6, 1929

​

  • Aleksandar changes the name of the country toYugoslavia – October 3, 1929

  • January 6 dictatorship

​

9 of 14

Foreign policy

France

In foreign policy, Aleksandar relied mainly on France.

  • 1927 – alliance agreement

Italy

Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini saw the argeement between France and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes an attack on their country.

Germany

Relations with Germany were good and worsened with the coming to power of Hitler.

Yugoslavia, Romania,

Czechoslovakia

1934 – the Balkan Alliance was formed

1934 – the Lesser Entente was formed

Yugoslavia, Bulgaria,

Greece

10 of 14

Attempts to assassinative King Aleksandar

Thessaloniki Greece

  • The first assassination attempet was in 1916.
  • Dragutin Dimitrijevic Apis allegedly tried to assassinate and was subsequently captured and executed.

Zagreb

Croatia

  • The second assassination attempt, on December 17, 1934, did not take place because the Yugoslav police managed to detect and prevent it in time.
  • Petar Oreb and Ivan Hernicic were arrested.

11 of 14

Assassination of King Aleksandar I Karadjordjevic

Marseille, France

October 9, 1934

  • assessin: Bulgarian Vlado Georgijev Kerin, a member of the VMRO and a professional murderer

​

.

  • King Aleksandar was buried on October 18, 1934 in the endowment of King Petar in Oplenac.

12 of 14

Medals of King Aleksandar I Karadjordjevic�

01

03

02

05

06

07

Medal for military virtues

awarded by the decree of King Petar I

Gold Medal for Courage

awarded by the decree of King Petar I

​

Karadjordj 's Star with Swords of the IV Degree

awarded by the decree of King Petar I

​

Order of Karadjordje's Star I degree

​

Order of St. Andrew with swords around his neck

​

Order of the Russian Tsar St. George IV order

​

Military medal

​

Which was awarded to him by the President of the French Republic Raymond Poincaré in 1916.

​

04

13 of 14

Authors of the presentation

Una Egelja

Marina Pavlovic

Marko Zubic

Filip Nadj

Tara Bogdanic

Dorotea Kovacevic

01

04

02

05

03

06

Mentor: Borislav Calic

14 of 14

Thank you for your attention!