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Governance and Responsible AI Lab (GRAIL) Projects

2025-26

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VIP Projects

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"AI SHARE" - AI Survey Hub for Attitudes and Research Exchange

We are building a database that includes survey questions about AI attitudes, opinions, and policy preferences across polls and surveys run by academic institutions, think tanks, and news organizations. This will assist in understanding how AI attitudes vary over time, across countries, and across subgroups of the population (e.g., the public, experts, policymakers). We will identify trends, as well as gaps, in our understanding of the AI opinion landscape. We plan to use this information to conduct meta-analyses, to validate survey questions/instruments, to develop a public-facing tool (like the Roper iPoll) for accessing survey questions and associated data related to AI, and to develop an annual survey on AI attitudes.

Strong fit for students who want to build expertise in survey design, survey experiments, and public opinion research. Excellent for students who want to contribute to large-scale meta-analysis and develop technical skills in synthesizing cross-national datasets for policy-relevant questions.

  • Faculty: Kaylyn, Daniel, Zac (Emory)
  • Support: Chloe Ahn (grad, UPenn), Indira, Leo, Yu, Anjali
  • Substantive area: AI
  • Methodological area: Surveys/survey experiments

Status:

  • Presented the initial version at APSA last year
  • Published a related working paper with Brookings
  • Currently updating the database using Web of Science-identified papers and manual coding from research assistants

Next steps/needs:

  • Will continue refining the coding and preparing the database for publication over the summer
  • Will submit a synthesis piece based on the database later this summer

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AGORA (The AI Governance and Regulatory Archive)

The AI Governance Regulatory Archive (AGORA): This database is a collaboration between GRAIL and the Center for Security and Emerging Technology (CSET) at Georgetown, with the purpose of compiling AI-related legislation into a single archive. The archive will initially include US federal and state AI legislation and will gradually expand to US local and international AI legislation. We are tracking information about the legislation, including the risks/harms addressed, the policy sectors implicated, and the policy instruments (sticks and carrots) involved. The goal is to provide a resource to scholars to investigate priorities in the developing AI policy agenda, but we expect that policymakers may also benefit from a resource summarizing AI policy development. Ideal for students who care about public policy and legislation, and who want to engage directly with real-world regulatory debates.

Students will gain experience in policy tracking, legal analysis, qualitative coding, and have opportunities to contribute public-facing blog posts that communicate emerging trends in AI governance.

  • Faculty: Daniel, Kaylyn, Tyler, & Georgetown partners
  • Support: Ogadinma, Alex, Selen
  • Substantive area: AI policy
  • Methodological area: Data collection, qualitative coding

Status:

  • Database is live (since 2024). Currently maintaining database by expanding jurisdictions.
  • Students have gotten more comfortable with the project
  • Paper 2 is currently under review in Public Administration.
  • GRAIL students (Graduates and undergraduates) are collaborating with MAIEI based on instruments and taxonomies in AGORA

Next steps/needs: A clear system for continuous recruitment of undergrad students, trainings on qualitative codings on Airtable

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Political Deepfakes Incident Database (PDID)

This database includes deepfake images and videos about political actors, institutions, or events. We are compiling information about the political deepfakes such as whether the images/videos are presented as real/fake, whether there is external verification, who the targets are, what potential harms are depicted, any real-world evidence of harms, how they are spread on social media, and what framing/narratives they evoke. The idea is to provide a public resource to researchers, journalists, and the public, and to assist in identifying the impact of policy solutions rolled out to address deepfakes (such as labeling, watermarking, etc.).

Great fit for students interested in misinformation, media manipulation, and the societal risks of AI-generated content. Especially suitable for students who are comfortable engaging with social media platforms, analyzing digital media content, and contributing to public debates on emerging threats.

  • Faculty: Daniel, Kaylyn, JP, Natalia
  • Support: Christina (grad), Yaosheng (grad), Isabella, Anjali, Donovan, Alaina, Ayusha, Deona, Savja, Charlotte
  • Substantive area: Deepfakes/misinformation
  • Methodological area: Large-scale data collection, computing tools to automate analysis
  • Status: Maintaining database, piloting experiment
  • Next steps/needs: Website design, database upkeep/sourcing

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Police Technology and Accountability Project (PTAP)

This project will examine how police executives impact accountability practices and outcomes within law enforcement agencies. The research team will create comprehensive datasets on police chiefs, sheriffs, civilian review boards, and accountability mechanisms like body-worn cameras, AI systems, and other technologies for identifying misconduct. Analyses will evaluate the adoption and effects of these AI tools and other accountability proposals, shedding light on the key role of police executives in implementing reforms. The interdisciplinary team of experts in fields like criminology, technology, and policing will provide vital insights on improving accountability through policy and practice related to police leadership.

Strong fit for students interested in criminal justice, police reform, and how leadership shapes accountability outcomes. Ideal for those who want experience with applied policy research, real-world implementation challenges, and the intersection of technology, AI, and law enforcement oversight.

  • Faculty: Kaylyn, Daniel, Josh (Utah), Ian (USC), Scott (USC)
  • Support: Chandler, Abby, Henry, Chatanya, Aayan, Annabel
  • Substantive area: AI & criminal justice
  • Methodological area: Surveys/survey experiments
  • Status: Creating proof of concept/v1
  • Next steps/needs: We are in the data collection phase. Soon to transition to initial analyses / building out full paper ideas. APSA presentation in September

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Forecasting AI Risks and Impacts on the Workforce (FAIRWORK)

The FAIRWORK project investigates how artificial intelligence is reshaping labor markets, job structures, and workforce policy. Through systematic review and qualitative coding of hundreds of academic studies, the project builds a structured database mapping key trends in AI-driven automation, job displacement, skill shifts, and worker well-being. The research also examines policy responses including regulation, education, and worker protections. Undergraduate researchers play a central role in the coding and analysis process, gaining training in empirical research design, content analysis, and interdisciplinary policy scholarship.

Good fit for students interested in empirical policy research who want to engage deeply with interdisciplinary literatures across economics, sociology, policy, and technology studies. Students will develop expertise in research design, systematic reviews, and qualitative coding while reading and analyzing complex academic work from diverse fields.

  • Faculty: Daniel Schiff, Luisa Nazareno (VCU), Zeewan Lee (NUS)
  • Support: Lucas Wiese (grad), Shiva Shakouri (undergrad), Arnav Grover (undergrad), Kayshav Bhardwaj (undergrad), Sophia Ratliff (VCU, undergrad), Stephanie Nogales (VCU, undergrad), Manoranjan Kumar (VCU, grad), Kyla MacDonald (VCU, undergrad), Haley Hyatt (VCU, undergrad)
  • Substantive area: Future of work, AI societal impacts
  • Methodological area: Systematic literature review, qualitative coding, quantitative analysis
  • Status: Currently conducting qualitative coding on SLR dataset
  • Next steps/needs: Data analysis, novel analytics techniques, defining forecasting measures

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Small Projects

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Impact of Generative AI on Political Communication

Faculty: Kaylyn, Daniel, Bryce

Support: None

Substantive area: LLMs, political communication

Methodological area: Survey experiment

Status: Research design

Next steps/needs: Drafted paper, need revisions

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Comparing Public, Policymaker, and AI Expert Attitudes

Faculty: Daniel, Kaylyn

Support: Shreya (undergrad)

Substantive area: Public opinion

Methodological area: Survey analysis

Status: Pre-design

Next steps/needs: Recruitment

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Impact of AI Ethics Signals on Consumer Trust

Faculty: Daniel, Kaylyn, Tyler

Support: Alex W. (grad)

Substantive area: AI ethics audits/certification

Methodological area: Conjoint survey experiment

Status: Prep/planning

Next steps/needs: Research design

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Validating an AI Literacy Instrument in the US, UK, and Germany

Faculty: Daniel

Support: Arne (postdoc at TUM), Marie (grad at TUM), Renee (Google)

Substantive area: AI ethics

Methodological area: Survey analysis, psychometrics

Status: Research design and data collection

Next steps/needs: Finalize survey, determine sample/cost

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The Emergence of the AI Ethics Auditing Ecosystem

Faculty: Daniel, Stephanie (Ivey), Javier (Comillas)

Support: Indira (PhD)

Substantive area: AI ethics

Methodological area: Interviews, qualitative coding

Status: 1st paper under review research design for second paper on AI ethics

Next steps/needs: Write industry report and second paper

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Ethics of LLMs in Teaching and Learning

Faculty: Daniel, Luisa, JP?, Ale

Support:

Substantive area: AI ethics, ethics education

Methodological area: Interviews, syllabus review

Status: Pre-design

Next steps/needs: Recruit, identify research design

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Ethical Considerations for AI in Human Resource Management

Faculty: Kaylyn, Daniel, Ian Adams (U. South Carolina), Josh McCrain (U. Utah)

Support:

Substantive area: HR, AI ethics, local government

Methodological area: Conjoint survey experiment

Status: Research design

Next steps/needs: Need to verify HR contact list

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AI Ethics Education Systematic Literature Review

Faculty: Daniel Schiff, Ale Magana

Support: Lucas Wiese (grad), Indira Patil (grad)

Substantive area: AI ethics

Methodological area: Literature review, qualitative coding

Status: Complete and published https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2025.100405

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AI Ethics and Governance Career Pathways

Faculty: Daniel Schiff

Support: Lucas Wiese (grad), Bryan DeWitt (grad), Matthias Oschinski (CSET), Sonali Rathinam (CSET)

Substantive area: AI ethics and governance careers and education

Methodological area: Job posting analysis, quantitative analysis

Status: One manuscript under review at IEEE TTS

Next steps/needs: Brainstorm future work, interviews, surveys

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Open-ended Responses and Synthetic Samples for Experimental Design

Faculty: Daniel, Kaylyn, Natalia Bueno (Emory)

Support: Will Dinneen (UPenn grad)

Substantive area: Survey and experiment design

Methodological area: LLMs

Status: Prep/planning

Next steps/needs: Make plan for summer tasks