HAK TURUT SERTA DALAM PEMERINTAHAN
Nur Widyastanti
PEMERINTAHAN
Undang–Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 Tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan
DEMOKRASI
Asas demokrasi dimana setiap orang mempunyai hak dan kesempatan yang sama untuk turut serta dalam pemerintahan atau untuk mempengaruhi tindakan-tindakan pemerintahan
DEMOKRASI
MAKNA UMUM HAK TURUT SERTA DALAM PEMERINTAHAN
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Article 21.
DECLARATION ON THE RIGHT AND RESPONSIBILITY OF INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS AND ORGANS SOCIETY TO PROMOTE AND PROTECT UNIVERSALLY OF RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS, UN, MARCH 1999�
Article 1: Everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to promote and to strive for the protection and realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms at the national and international levels.
Article 2
1. Each State has a prime responsibility and duty to protect, promote and implement all human rights and fundamental freedoms, inter alia, by adopting such steps as may be necessary to create all conditions necessary in the social, economic, political and other fields, as well as the legal guarantees required to ensure that all persons under its jurisdiction, individually and in association with others, are able to enjoy all those rights and freedoms in practice.
2. Each State shall adopt such legislative, administrative and other steps as may be necessary to ensure that the rights and freedoms referred to in the present declaration are effectively guaranteed.
Article 3
Domestic law consistent with the Charter of the United Nations and other international obligations of the State in the field of human rights and fundamental freedoms is the juridical framework within which human rights and fundamental freedoms should be implemented and enjoyed and within which all activities referred to in the present Declaration for the promotion, protection and effective realization of those rights and freedoms should be conducted.
THE CAIRO DECLARATION ON HUMAN RIGHTS IN ISLAM �ADOPTED AND ISSUED AT THE NINETEENTH ISLAMIC CONFERENCE OF FOREIGN MINISTERS IN CAIRO �14 MUHARRAM 1411 H (5 AGUSTUS 1990)
Article 23
ASEAN HUMAN RIGHTS DECLARATION �
GENERAL PRINCIPLES (25)
(1) Every person who is a citizen of his or her country has the right to participate in the government of his or her country, either directly or indirectly through democratically elected representatives, in accordance with national law.
(2) Every citizen has the right to vote in periodic and genuine elections, which should be by universal and equal suffrage and by secret ballot, guaranteeing the free expression of the will of the electors, in accordance with national law.
UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR NRI 1945
�UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 39 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Pasal 43
Pasal 44
Setiap orang baik sendiri maupun bersama-sama berhak mengajukan pendapat, permohonan, pengaduan, dan atau usulan kepada pemerintah dalam rangka pelaksanaan pemerintahan yang bersih, efektif, dan efisien, baik dengan lisan maupun dengan tulisan dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan.
KEWAJIBAN DASAR DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB PEMERINTAH
Pasal 70
Dalam menjalankan hak dan kebebasannya, setiap orang wajib tunduk kepada pembatasan yang ditetapkan Undang-undang dengan maksud untuk menjamin pengakuan serta penghormatan atas hak dan kebebasan orang lain dan untuk memenuhi tuntutan yang adil sesuai dengan pertimbangan moral, keamanan, dan ketertiban umum dalam suatu masyarakat demokratis.
Pasal 71
Pemerintah wajib dan bertanggung jawab menghormati, melindungi, menegakkan, dan memajukan hak asasi manusia yang diatur dalam Undang-undang ini, peraturan perundang-undangan lain, dan hukum internasional tentang hak asasi manusia yang diterima oleh negara Republik Indonesia.
Pasal 73
Hak dan kebebasan yang diatur dalam Undang-undang ini hanya dapat dibatasi oleh dan berdasarkan undang-undang, semata-mata untuk menjamin pengakuan dan penghormatan terhadap hak asasi manusia serta kebebasan dasar orang lain, kesusilaan, ketertiban umum dan kepentingan bangsa.
PEMENUHAN/PENEGAKAN HAK TURUT SERTA DALAM PEMERINTAHAN (INSTITUSI)
PEMBATASAN HAK