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Design Project

Prof Dirk R. Englund, EECS; englund@mit.edu, office 36-525

Dr Phillip D. Keathley, Research Laboratory of Electronics, pdkeat2@mit.edu, office 36-285

Prof Marc Baldo, EECS; baldo@mit.edu

6.2410 | Laboratory in Quantum Systems Engineering | Spring Semester, 2023

Jane Heyes

jeheyes@mit.edu, office 36-493

Kevin C. Chen

kcchen@mit.edu, office 36-531

QuTools team

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Laboratory in Quantum Systems Engineering: Quantum Engineering Platforms

Prereqs: 6.2400, 6.6400, 18.435, or (8.04 and 8.05)

Units: 1-5-6

Goal:

Design and implementation of quantum information science and engineering:

(T1) quantum computing

(T2) quantum communications

(T3) quantum sensing and quantum metrology

.. with a focus on these quantum engineering platforms:

(E1) quantum optics with an emphasis on entangled optical photons for enhanced sensing and communication

(E2) quantum computing with an emphasis on superconducting qubits via IBM Qiskit

(E3) and solid state spin systems with a focus on quantum sensing and magnetometry.

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Laboratory platforms / Activities

Introduction

Goal 1

Goal 2

Potential directions for open-ended design lab components at end of semester

T2E1: Optical_Photons.quantum key distribution

~ 1 hr recorded lecture and lecture notes, pre-lab questions; lab notebook check-ins and final report.

Hardware

QuTools QuED station.

Lab goals & core concepts

Laser optics laboratory introduction, strong-field quantum key distribution simulator

Attenuated-laser quantum key distribution (QDK) : BB84 protocol

Attenuated-laser QKD with single photon detection --> quantum secure key generation

Advances in error correction, privacy amplification, signal processing, and hardwave variants "measurement-device independent QKD", twin-field QKD

T3E1: Optical_Photons.entanglement

~ 1 hr recorded lecture and lecture notes, pre-lab questions; lab notebook check-ins and final report.

Hardware

QuTools Quantenkoffer.

Lab goals & core concepts

Perform measurements to characterize single-photon states and demonstrate entanglement.

Develop single-photon interferometer and demonstrate interaction-free measurement.

Demonstrate Hong-Ou-Mandel effect and NOON state generation. Explore enhanced metrology with NOON state interferometry.

Quantum sensing with NOON states; demonstration quantum-enhanced sensing; alternative techniques such as squeezed states.

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T3E3: Solid_State_Spins

~ 1 hr recorded lecture and lecture notes, pre-lab questions; lab notebook check-ins and final report.

Hardware

NV spin system module (home-built)

Lab goals & core concepts

Characterize microwave cavities and Helmholtz coils

Simulate strong coupling between NV centers in diamond and microwave cylindrical resonator

Experimentally achieve strong coupling between NV centers and the microwave cavity via cavity reflection readout

Improving the anti-crossing contrast by optimizing various experimental parameters; estimate best-achievable magnetometry sensitivity

T1E2: Quantum computing w/ IBM Qiskit

~ 1 hr recorded lecture and lecture notes, pre-lab questions; lab notebook check-ins and final report.

Software

IBM Qiskit (and potentially others)

Lab goals & core concepts

Introduction to software tools and methods; quantum circuits

Quantum measurements and teleportation; quantum phase algorithm

Quantum error correction

Qu computing algorithms on cloud device; build room temperature classical quantum simulators with comparison to cloud device/software simulators

no longer required as we move to design project

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Writing the research proposal

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Possible project for T2E1 + T3E1:

Quantum Optics Project - Implement Experimental Eve’s Sidechannel attack

Major goal: Implement an eavesdropper (Eve) “sidechannel attack” in a quantum key distribution (QKD) system by trying to monitor or control Bob’s APD flash

State of the art: Current QKD systems with various encoding and security techniques

Gap: Detection of eavesdropping attempts and vulnerabilities in QKD systems

Proposed approach: Implement a side-channel attack into a QKD system to simulate an eavesdropping attempt and test the system's security

Targeted key results: Effective detection and countermeasures against eavesdropping attempts & sidechannel attacks in QKD systems

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HT2E1 + T3E1: Entangled-photon-pair-heralded BB84

Major goal: Implement heralded BB84 quantum key distribution based on Y. Adachi et al.'s work

State of the art: Standard BB84 QKD protocol and parametric down-conversion techniques

Gap: Efficient and secure quantum key distribution with improved performance

Proposed approach: Develop and test a heralded BB84 QKD system using parametric down-conversion

Targeted key results: Increased efficiency and security in QKD systems

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T3E3: Solid_State_Spins - Detailed Noise Analysis

Major goal: Conduct a detailed noise analysis of a custom NV-spin cavity system. Extract cavity thermal noise.

State of the art: Existing noise analysis techniques for solid-state spin systems can have gaps

Gap: Comprehensive understanding of noise sources and their effects on the system's performance

Proposed approach: Measure and analyze the noise spectral density of the custom NV-spin cavity system

Targeted key results: Identification of noise sources and strategies to minimize their impact on system performance, including consideration of “spin cooling”

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T3E3: Solid_State_Spins

Machine-Learning-Guided Quantum Sensor Readout

Major goal: Implement a machine-learning-guided (reinforcement learning) quantum sensor readout for NV-spin cavity systems

State of the art: Conventional quantum sensor readout techniques

Gap: Efficient and accurate quantum sensor readout systems

Proposed approach: Develop and test a reinforcement learning-based readout system for NV-spin cavity-based quantum sensors

Targeted key results: Improved quantum sensor readout accuracy and efficiency through machine learning techniques

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other project ideas

Advanced control methods (such as flavors of ML, DNNs) for optimal control/ feedback to push the experiments you’ve already done to another level

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Machine learning transceivers

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Monte Carlo Simulations

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