BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
Tapan Kumar Ghosh
Department of Economics
Definition
Receipts | Payments |
A. Current Account: | |
1. Export of goods (Visible exports) | 1โ. Import of goods (Visible imports) |
2. Export of services (Invisible exports) | 2โ. Import of services (invisible imports) |
3. Unrequited receipts | 3โ. Unrequited payments |
B. Capital Account | |
4. Capital Receipts | 4โ. Capital Payments |
Some Definitions
Example
Receipts (in Million $) | Payments (in Million $) |
1. Export of goods: 800 | 1โ. Import of goods: 1000 |
2. Export of services: 300 | 2โ. Import of services: 700 |
3. Unrequited Receipts: 100 | 3โ. Unrequited payments: 50 |
4. Capital Receipts: 800 | 4โ. Capital payments: 250 |
Total: 2000 | Total: 2000 |
Balance of payment always balances!
Equity Vs Equilibrium
Autonomous transaction: Transactions whose values are determined independently of the BOP
and
Accommodating transactions are determined by the net consequences of the autonomous items.
Receipts (in Million $) | Payments (in Million $) |
Autonomous transactions: | |
1. Export of goods: 800 | 1โ. Import of goods: 1000 |
2. Export of services: 300 | 2โ. Import of services: 700 |
3. Unrequited Receipts: 100 | 3โ. Unrequited payments: 50 |
4a. Capital Receipts: 200 | 4โa. Capital payments: 250 |
Accommodating transactions: | |
4b. Capital Receipts: 600 | 4โb. Capital payments: 0 |
Total: 2000 | Total: 2000 |
1400 โ 2000 = 600
Deficit in BOP
Equity but disequilibrium in BOP