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SKILL:�Explaining connections between historical events
7.8�Video #2�H. SIO
Explain the various causes and consequences of mass atrocities in the period from 1900 to the present.
Jewish families being rounded up and forced into concentration camps were death was nearly inevitable
A group of child survivors behind a barbed wire fence at the Nazi concentration camp at Auschwitz
The Jews of Europe were legally compelled to wear badges
What we will learn:
Analyze the causes and effects of genocide specifically looking at the Jewish Holocaust during WWII.
We will be examine how the historical developments can be related to another historical event. In other words, you will consider the chronology of events after the Jewish Holocaust (timelines)
What we will do:
Warning: �Content may be difficult for some. It’s for mature audiences only.
Learning about this topic will cover the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution & murder of innocent humans. These are not easy historical developments to discuss, but history must be learned.
GENOCIDE:�Acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:
GENOCIDE 1900 - 2000
Armenian �Genocide�1914 - 1923
Holodomor�1932 - 1933
Holocaust �1933 - 1945
Cambodia �1975 - 1979
Bosnia Genocide�1994
Rwanda�1994
REVIEW
Jewish Persecution Over Time
Time Period: �70. C.E.
Roman Occupation of Palestine
Historical Development:�Romans destroyed the Second Jewish Temple in Jerusalem in response to riots related to increased taxes and laws that restricted the Jewish religion.
Historic Tisha B'Av painting depicting the Destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem.
Time Period: �c. 100 CE- c. 325 CE
Early Christianity
�Historical Development:�Early Christians separated themselves from Judaism and depicted Jewish people negatively in the New Testament including sections of the Bible that blame Jewish people for the death of Jesus of Nazareth.��*Matthew 27:24-25�
Matthew 27: Jesus Standing Before Pilate
*24 So when Pilate saw that he was gaining nothing, but rather that a riot was beginning, he took water and washed his hands before the crowd, saying, “I am innocent of this man’s blood;[a] see to it yourselves.” 25 And all the people answered, “His blood be on us and on our children!”
Time Period: �70. C.E.
Early Christianity
Historical Development:�Christianity became the dominant religion in the Roman Empire and Christians, starting with St. Augustine viewed Jewish people as *“witness people.”
�St. Augustine in His Study
*St. Augustine developed the notion of Jews as a witness people. And he said in the end of days, when Jesus returns to Earth as the Christ, the Jews must survive as Jews in order to bear witness to the fact that Jesus is the Christ. In other words, they who denied Jesus must be around in the end of days in order to bear witness to the fact that they have been wrong.
Time Period: �800-1500s
Middle Ages
Historical Development:�Crusaders in Europe and en route to the Holy Land turned
their violence on Jewish populations in Spain and Germany.
�Massacre of the Jews of Metz during the First Crusade
Time Period: �800-1500s
Middle Ages
Historical Development:�Myths about Jewish associations with the devil and blood libel developed and spread throughout Europe in the Middle Ages.
�“Aaron, son of the Devil" is the name given to a portrait or caricature of an English Jew of the year 1277
Time Period: �800-1500s
Middle Ages
Historical Development:�Christian Europeans blamed Jewish people for the Black Plague.
�The Pogrom of Strasbourg; February 14, 1349, when several hundred Jews were publicly burnt to death, and the rest of them expelled from the city
Time Period: �1200-1500 CE
Historical Development:�Jewish people were forced to live in ghettos, or Jewish-only areas, in Europe.
�The ‘Jeiwsh Quarter’ in �Barcelona, Spain �
Time Period: �1517-1648�Protestant Reformation
Historical Development:�The leader of the Protestant Reformation, Martin Luther, denounced Jewish people when they did not convert to Protestantism. Wars broke out between Catholics and Protestants.
�Title page of Martin Luther's book, ‘On the Jews and Their Lies’, written in Wittenberg, Germany, 1543
Context: Jews in Europe c. 1930
- Europe 1933-39: 9.5 million Jews in Europe (60% of global pop.)
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- Eastern Europe had the most Jewish settlements
- Most completely assimilated → Euro. culture yet holding to traditions (Yiddish language)
Scapegoating:
Practice of singling out a person or group for unmerited blame and consequent negative treatment.
Timeline of the rise of Nazism
1919
1945
Treaty of Versailles
End of WWII
Nazi Party Forms
1922
1923
Nazi’s are unsecuuseful overthorwing Weimar Republic�
1925
Hilter/Nazi Party wins elections
1929
Hitler begins blaming Jews for Treaty of Versailles
1939
Hilter becomes dictator
1935
Nuremberg laws begin
1933
Kristallnacht
1941
Final Solution begins�(Mass Murder)
1945
Allies liberate concentration camps
Let’s �Practice:
Sunday, January, 30 1939 �Reichstag speech
Excerpt on Jews from Hitler’s Reichstag Speech, Jan. 30, 1939
I would like to say the following on the Jewish question: it is truly a shaming display when we see today the entire democratic world filled with tears of pity at the plight of the poor, tortured Jewish people, while remaining hardhearted and obstinate in view of what is therefore its obvious duty: to help. All the arguments with which they seek to justify their non-intervention lend only further support to the stance of Germans and Italians in this matter. For this is what they say: “We”—that is the democracies—”cannot possibly admit the Jews!”
...Small matter that Germany has already been good enough to provide for these elements for centuries, who possessed little more than infectious political and sanitary diseases. What this people possesses today, it obtained at the cost of the not-so-cunning German Volk by means of the most base manipulations.
What we do today is no more than to set right the wrongs these people committed. In the days when the German Volk lost its savings, accumulated throughout decades of hard work, thanks to the inflation incited and nurtured by the Jews; when the rest of the world took the German Volk’s assets abroad; when it expropriated our colonial possessions; at that time such philanthropic contemplations did not yet play such an influential role in these democratic statesmen’s considerations.
Excerpt on Jews from Hitler’s Reichstag Speech, Jan. 30, 1939
I would like to say the following on the Jewish question: it is truly a shaming display when we see today the entire democratic world filled with tears of pity at the plight of the poor, tortured Jewish people, while remaining hardhearted and obstinate in view of what is therefore its obvious duty: to help. All the arguments with which they seek to justify their non-intervention lend only further support to the stance of Germans and Italians in this matter. For this is what they say: “We”—that is the democracies—”cannot possibly admit the Jews!”
...Small matter that Germany has already been good enough to provide for these elements for centuries, who possessed little more than infectious political and sanitary diseases. What this people possesses today, it obtained at the cost of the not-so-cunning German Volk by means of the most base manipulations.
What we do today is no more than to set right the wrongs these people committed. In the days when the German Volk lost its savings, accumulated throughout decades of hard work, thanks to the inflation incited and nurtured by the Jews; when the rest of the world took the German Volk’s assets abroad; when it expropriated our colonial possessions; at that time such philanthropic contemplations did not yet play such an influential role in these democratic statesmen’s considerations.
Hitler claiming that democracies around the world hate Jews too, so what’s the big deal?
Excerpt on Jews from Hitler’s Reichstag Speech, Jan. 30, 1939
I would like to say the following on the Jewish question: it is truly a shaming display when we see today the entire democratic world filled with tears of pity at the plight of the poor, tortured Jewish people, while remaining hardhearted and obstinate in view of what is therefore its obvious duty: to help. All the arguments with which they seek to justify their non-intervention lend only further support to the stance of Germans and Italians in this matter. For this is what they say: “We”—that is the democracies—”cannot possibly admit the Jews!”
...Small matter that Germany has already been good enough to provide for these Jews for centuries, who possessed little more than infectious political and sanitary diseases. What this people possesses today, it obtained at the cost of the not-so-cunning German Volk by means of the most base manipulations.
What we do today is no more than to set right the wrongs these people committed. In the days when the German Volk lost its savings, accumulated throughout decades of hard work, thanks to the inflation incited and nurtured by the Jews; when the rest of the world took the German Volk’s assets abroad; when it expropriated our colonial possessions; at that time such philanthropic contemplations did not yet play such an influential role in these democratic statesmen’s considerations. I wish to assure these gentlemen that, owing to a fifteen-year-long crash course in democracy, we are today steeled against any sentimentality.
Hitler claiming Germany has done enough for Jewish people + they are diseased.
Excerpt on Jews from Hitler’s Reichstag Speech, Jan. 30, 1939
I would like to say the following on the Jewish question: it is truly a shaming display when we see today the entire democratic world filled with tears of pity at the plight of the poor, tortured Jewish people, while remaining hardhearted and obstinate in view of what is therefore its obvious duty: to help. All the arguments with which they seek to justify their non-intervention lend only further support to the stance of Germans and Italians in this matter. For this is what they say: “We”—that is the democracies—”cannot possibly admit the Jews!”
...Small matter that Germany has already been good enough to provide for these Jews for centuries, who possessed little more than infectious political and sanitary diseases. What this people possesses today, it obtained at the cost of the not-so-cunning German Volk by means of the most base manipulations.
What we do today is no more than to set right the wrongs these people committed. In the days when the German Volk lost its savings, accumulated throughout decades of hard work, thanks to the inflation incited and nurtured by the Jews; when the rest of the world took the German Volk’s assets abroad; when it expropriated our colonial possessions; at that time such philanthropic contemplations did not yet play such an influential role in these democratic statesmen’s considerations.
Hitler is claiming that Jews are responsible for the hyperinflation Germany suffered & the democracies of the world took our money → reparations.
Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass)
Consequences of the Holocaust
1945
End of Holocaust
November 1945
Nuremberg Trials begin
1946
Refugee camps of displaced people
U.N. established law against genoice
1948
The nation of Israel is created as a Jewish homeland
U.N. creates punishment for ‘crimes against humanity’
1949
Nuremberg Trials end
January 27, 2021
TAKEAWAYS
Learning Objective:
TIMELINES & ORGANIZATION
1. Organizing names, dates, & events
2. Use for reference of events
3. Incorporate connecting historical events when appropriate
1.Jewish Holocuast (genocide) by Nazi’s + Nazi trials & convictions�(Nuremberg Trials)
Creation of the state of Israel
Bonus Video: