TEAM MEMBERS

• Mridul Sharma Mukund Sharma
• Rishiraj Brahmbhatt Anant Aggarwal
• Ashutosh Divyansh Singh
• Rajmani Singh Arnav
• Sumit Vivek

​

​

​

​

STUDY OF SLUMS IN INDIA

​

Slum is an area of city where living condition are extremely bad , overcrowded therefore unhealthy, unhygienic ,unsafe ,and socially undesirable. Especially marked by the poverty.

​

​

TYPES OF SLUMS

• Substandard house
• Very high population density
• Urban poverty
• Lacking tenure security

���

• The Asia’s largest slum is Dharavi which is present is in Mumbai.

​

• World largest slum is present in Neza which is in Mexico .

​

• So as per NSSO reports there are approx.

​

• There are approx. 33,000 slums present in India in which about 17.4 % urban population leaves in slums and the highest slum area in India is found in Maharashtra .

​

FACTS

CAUSE�

• POVERTY
• LESS AFFODABLE HOUSE
• LACKING JOB SECURITY
• POOR TOWN PLANNING
• HIGH RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT

​

��1.LACK OF BASIC NECESSITIES.�2.OVERCROWDING AND HIGH DENSITY.�3.SUBSTANDARD HOUSING OR ILLEGAL AND INADEQUATE BUILDING STRUCTURE.�4.UNHEALTHY LIVING CONDITIONS AND HAZARDIOUS LOCATION.�5.POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION.�

IMPLICATIONS

��1. LOCAL AUTHORITIES NEED TO BE EMPOWERED WITH FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCES TO DELIVER SERVICES �AND INFRASTRUCTURE TO THE SLUM DWELLERS IN INDIA.��2. STATE GOVT. NEEDS TO DEVELOP STRATEGIES TO PREVENT �THE FORMATION OF NEW SLUMS.�3. CITIES NEED TO INVEST IN HOUSING , WATER, HOUSING,�SANITATION, ENERGY AND URBAN SERVICES SUCH AS GARBAGE DISPOSAL.��4.TRANSPORTATION NEEDS AND SAFETY CONCERNS OF A CITY’S POOREST RESIDENTS SHOULD BE A HIGH PRIORITY.���

SOLUTIONS

GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES TO MANAGE SLUMS�

• 1.National Slum Development Programme (NSDP).
• 2.Valmiki Ambedkar Malina Basti Awes Yojana ( VAMBAY).
• 3. Basic Services to the Urban Poor(BSVP).
• 4. Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP).
• 5. Interest Subsidy Scheme for Housing the Urban Poor (ISHUP).
• 6. Rajiv Awes Yojana (RAY).
• 7. Pradhan Mantri Awes Yojana :- Housing For All(Urban).

URBANIZATION

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

INTRODUCTION

Urbanization is a process whereby populations move from rural to urban area, enabling cities and town to grow. It can also be termed as the progressive increase of the number of people living in towns and cities. It is highly influenced by the notion that cities and towns have achieved better economic, political, and social mileages compared to the rural areas.

​

​

CAUSE OF URBANIZATION

• Urbanization occurs naturally from individual & corporate efforts to reduce time and expense in commuting in transportation while improving job opportunities, education housing, and transportation.

​

• Urbanization permits individuals and families to take advantage of the opportunities of proximity, diversity, and market place competition .

BENEFITS OF URBANIZATION

• Improvement in Economy
• Growth of commercial activities
• Social and cultural integration
• Efficient services
• Resources Utilization

​

PROBLEMS

• Overcrowding
• Pollution
• Power shortage

?

FACTS OF URBANIZATION

• By 2050, about 70% of the worlds population is expected to live in urban areas.
• Urbanization leads fourfold increase in per capita income by 2030.
• Estimated that the urban population increase from 340 million by 2030
• Urbanization is expanding at a faster rate e.g. 1971 to 2008 population increased to 230 million.
• Urban economy provide 85% of total tax revenue

​

INDUSTRY

INTRODUCTION

• In macroeconomics, an industry is a branch of an economy that produces a closely-related set of raw materials, goods, or services.
• When evaluating a single group or company, its dominant source of revenue is typically used by industry classifications to classify it within a specific industry.

TYPE OF INDUSTRY

• PRIMARY
• SECONDARY
• TERTIARY
• QUATNERY

PRIMARY

• Primary industries involve the activities related to extraction and processing of natural resources, such as agriculture, mining, fishing, etc.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

SECONDARY

• The secondary industries involve manufacturing; thus, all manufacturing industries come under this type of industry.

TERTIARY

• Tertiary industries provide a service, and these are the essential facilitators for the function of primary and secondary sectors

QUATERNARY

• Quaternary industry related to research and development industries, such as IT.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

RISK IN INDUSTRY

• Industries face various types of risks – emanating from a volatile macroeconomic environment, technological shifts, politically induced tariffs, competitive threats, and other reasons. These can adversely impact the profitability, sales, cash flow, growth, and stock prices of companies within each industry group.

PONTS

• Situation. ...
• Refine your idea. ...
• Conduct market research. ...
• Write your business plan. ...
• Make your business legal. ...
• Fund your business. ...
• Pick your business location.