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Protestantism

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A real story

How did we

arrive here?

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During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church was the dominant in Western Europe

Without a common government in Europe, the Catholic Pope became an important political leader

On the manor, priests were powerful because the controlled peoples’ access to heaven by delivering the sacraments & absolving sins

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One of the most corrupt church practices was the selling of indulgences

Indulges began as a �way for people to repent for their sins through good works

But rather than requiring good deeds, church leaders began selling indulgence certificates as a way of raising money

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In the 1300s, Reformers like John Wycliffe & priest Jan Hus attacked corruptions like indulges, said that the Bible (not the Pope) was the ultimate authority on Christianity, & wanted church teachings in the local languages not Latin

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Title

  • Text

Catholic leaders responded to these criticisms by excommunicating Wycliffe & Hus

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The Protestant Reformation

By the early 1500s, the Catholic Church was in turmoil over the controversy �of corruption & �its unwillingness to adopt reforms

In Germany, a Catholic monk named Martin Luther became involved in a serious dispute with the Catholic Church

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Martin Luther

As a young boy in Germany, Luther was going to become a lawyer, but after he nearly died in a thunderstorm he vowed to become a Catholic priest

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In 1517, Martin Luther wrote a list of arguments against church practices called the “Ninety-Five Theses”

He posted the Ninety-Five Theses on the church door in the town of Wittenberg & welcomed debate of his ideas

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Quotes by Martin Luther

God never remits guilt to anyone without, at the same time, making him humbly submissive to the priest, His representative (95 Thesis)

… A simple layman armed with Scripture is to be believed above a pope or a council without it.…Neither the Church nor the pope can establish articles of faith. These must come from Scripture. For the sake of Scripture we should reject pope and councils.. (Sola Scriptura)

This faith alone, when based upon the sure promises of God, must save us; as our text clearly explains. And in the light of it all, they must become fools who have taught us other ways to become godly (Sola Fide)

(on faith and coming to Christ)

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John Calvin (1509-1564)

Believed in predestination (God had predetermined who would obtain salvation)

Government should be in the hands of religious leaders (a theocracy) and society should be governed by strict laws of morality.

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Henry VIII(1491 -1547)

Took the decision that England was no longer under the authority of the pope.

Called himself “Supreme Head of the Church of England

Established the Anglican Church

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“It is this idea of the personal interpretation of Scripture which as directly led to the great variety of Protestant groups. Even the most bizarre and unusual beliefs and practices are justified as being found in the Bible”. (Fr. Peter Farrington)

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A more complicated picture

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The councils

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Orthodoxy vs. Protestantism

Topic

Orthodox

Protestant

Apostolic Succession

This is an important part of Orthodox belief and ensures continuity with the church that Christ founded.

With the exception of the Anglicans and some Lutherans, this idea is rejected. Rather it is important to emphasise continuity of teaching with that of the apostles, rather than a direct line of succession.

Bible - Composition of

Accept the 39 Old Testament and 27 New Testament books, but also a collection of books not found in the original Hebrew Bible. These are known asDeuterocanonicals  i.e. a second canon of scripture.

Protestants reject the deuterocanonicals as not being inspired scripture and term them Apocrypha(Greek: 'Hidden Things').

Clergy - Qualification for

Priests and Bishops must be male, but deaconesses are permitted, though the order is dormant. Priests and deacons may marry before ordination but not after. Bishops, on the other hand, must be celibate

The majority of Protestants do not require celibacy as a condition of election to the clergy. Many churches practice female ordination

Eucharist - Significance of

This makes present Christ's sacrifice and therefore forgiveness of sins is obtained through it. It is also an encounter with the Risen Christ.

The Eucharist, like Baptism is only a symbol of grace. The sacrificial nature of the Eucharist is also rejected.

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Orthodoxy vs. Protestantism

Topic

Orthodox

Protestant

Eucharist - Presence of Christ in

The bread and the wine: They then change into the actual body and blood of Christ. The precise way in which this happens is a divine mystery.

The bread and wine, being symbols, do not change substance. (Except Anglican)

Holy Spirit

The third person of the Trinity, proceeding from the Father alone as in the original Nicene Creed

The Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son. 

Marriage and Divorce

Marriage is a mystical union between a man and a woman. Divorce is generally only allowed in cases of adultery, though there are exceptions

Marriage is a contract, but is not unbreakable. Divorce is discouraged, but permitted as evidence of human weakness. Some denominations permit remarriage in church.

St. Mary - Position of

St. Mary is venerated asTheotokos (Greek: 'God-bearer'). By this is meant that the son she bore was God in human form. She is first amongst the saints and 'ever-virgin'.

St. Mary was a holy woman who was chosen to bear the Son of God. Her perpetual virginity and intercession are denied.

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Orthodoxy vs. Protestantism

Topic

Orthodox

Protestant

Sacraments

There are at least seven Sacraments known as 'Mysteries' in Orthodoxy: 

Generally, only two sacraments (also known asOrdinances) are recognised: Baptism and the Eucharist 

Sacraments - Effect of

The Mysteries convey grace to those who participate in them worthily.

There is a diverse range of opinions, but many Protestants regard the Sacraments as symbols or reminders of Grace already given.

Saints

A special group of holy people, who are venerated. They may act as intercessors between God and Man and may be invoked in praye

All Christians are saints, called to imitate Christ. Only Christ may mediate between God and Man.

Salvation

Salvation is "faith working through love" and should be seen as a life long process.  (Faith + Work)

Salvation is the free and unmerited gift of God to man. It is obtained by grace through faith in Christ alone. 

For more info go to :

Christiantyinview.com

www.st-takla.org

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The main denominations

We meet in our missions

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Lutheran

  • Founder: Martin Luther 1530 AD
  • Followers : above 72 Million World wide
  • Salvation: God’s grace by faith alone
  • Worship: Traditional style through liturgy; contemporary worship is possible
  • Sacraments / Ordinances: Baptism & Eucharist
  • Organization : Mixed (congregational & Presbyterian)
  • Women priests & homosexuals: depends on synod (culture)
  • Baptize : infants and progressing Christians

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Anglican/Episcopal

  • Founder: Henry VIII 1532-1543 AD
  • Followers : above 85 Million World wide
  • Salvation: God’s grace by faith alone
  • Worship: Traditional style through liturgy; contemporary worship is possible
  • Sacraments : all 7 sacraments or ( 2 +5)
  • Organization : Episcopal (Clergy in local churches presided over by bishop.)
  • Women priests & homosexuals: Yes but also depends on culture
  • Baptize : infants and professing Christians

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Presbyterian

  • Founder: John Knox 1560 AD
  • Followers : above 20 Million World wide
  • Salvation: God’s grace by faith alone
  • Worship: Traditional style through liturgy
  • Sacraments / Ordinances: Baptism & Eucharist
  • Organization : Presbyterian (A graded organizational system by presbyters or elders.)
  • Women priests & homosexuals: Yes / depends on culture
  • Baptize : Infants & professing Christians

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Methodist

  • Founder: John Wesley 1738 AD
  • Followers : above 80 Million World wide
  • Salvation: God’s grace by faith alone
  • Worship: Non-liturgical; contemporary worship is possible (except united Methodist)
  • Sacraments / Ordinances: Baptism & Eucharist
  • Organization : Episcopal (Clergy in local churches presided over by bishop.)
  • Women priests & homosexuals: Yes but also depends on culture
  • Baptize : infants and professing Christians

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Baptist

  • Founder: John Smyth 1609 AD
  • Followers : above 110 Million World wide
  • Salvation: God’s grace by faith alone
  • Worship: Non-liturgical (free) worship; sometimes contemporary
  • Sacraments / Ordinances: Baptism & Eucharist
  • Organization : Congregational (Local churches are self-governing)
  • Women preachers & homosexuals: depends on the congregation
  • Baptize : Only professing Christians

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Pentecostal(Charismatic)

  • Founded: Charles Parham 1901-1906 AD
  • Followers : 100 -400 Million World wide (11K )
  • Salvation: God’s grace by faith alone
  • Worship: Free Worship and speaking with tongues/ divine healing/ emotional based etc
  • Ordinances: Baptism & Eucharist
  • Organization : congregational only
  • Women preachers & homosexuals: Yes
  • Baptize : Only professing Christians

The worship was exciting, it satisfied the natural appetites. It was like chocolate or a fast food burger. But a McDonald’s Burger is attractive in a harmful way. A bar of chocolate is attractive, but if that is my diet I will die!

(Fr. Peter Farrington)

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Zionism (Cults)

  • Founded: in Zion, Illinois then South Africa 1904-1908 AD
  • Beliefs :
    • faith-healing and revelation through dreams
    • Baptism in rivers
    • Ritual garments, often mostly white, and prophetic staffs.
    • Food taboos, such as not eating pork.
    • Some smaller denominations worship in the open air, and practice "wheel" dances—dancing in circles, sometimes to the beat of drums.
    • Some denominations accept polygamy.
    • Some denominations mix with traditional African religious beliefs

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Non- denominational

Not Christian

1870

1830

1830

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Division in Today’s world

  • The Divided body of Christ
  • Spiritual immaturity
  • Weird teachings
  • Sexual immorality
  • Bible wired translations (the message)–(Red-Letter Christians)
  • Spread of Islam
  • Atheism

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Example of weird translations

  • The Message

Matthew 6: 9-13

With a God like this loving you, you can pray very simply. Like this:

Our Father in heaven,

Reveal who you are.

Set the world right;

Do what's best— as above, so below.

Keep us alive with three square meals.

Keep us forgiven with you and forgiving others.

Keep us safe from ourselves and the Devil.

You're in charge!

You can do anything you want!

You're ablaze in beauty!

Yes. Yes. Yes. !!!!!!!!!!!

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So How can we deal

in missions??

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P R O T E S T

  • Pray for guidance in each situation
  • Read the bible and sayings of the fathers Plus history
  • Open your mind and heart for all
  • Take care of false teachings
  • Explain the Orthodox dogma honestly
  • Synergize when cooperation is needed
  • Testify the love of Christ

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Thank you