1 of 48

Group 33

2 of 48

Our Group

Our Group

Bradley Spencer

Electrical Engineering

Caitlin Henderson

Electrical

Engineering

Justin Wu

Computer

Engineering

Stephanny Bais

Computer

Engineering

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

3 of 48

Currently there is no way to view and track vaginal blood loss during cesarean surgery.

The big problem in the operating room.

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

4 of 48

Motivation and Background

  • Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) is excessive blood loss after childbirth
  • 33% bleeding vaginally under the drape that goes unnoticed
    • Breaking sterility
    • Hits nurses’ feet
    • Approx. 30 minute delay in reaction
  • “How to identify vaginal blood loss in real-time?”

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

5 of 48

Motivation and Background

  • Orlando Health’s (OH) initial solution: See-through surgical drape
    • Problems: �1) Lights shining on the plastic�2) Can’t visualize bleeding with differing BMI (thighs close up)�3) Inconveniently checking ever so often
  • Another solution: Suction pad
    • Placed under the patient with a wall-mounted vacuum suction to collect fluid and transport it to a suction canister for visualization and quantification
      • More info: https://www.bleedid.com/

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

6 of 48

The Solution:

The Bleed ID Project

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

7 of 48

Past Iteration

  • Mechanical Engineering (MAE)
    • Developed the mechanical aspect of the Bleed ID Canister project (e.g., stress and strain), ultimately having a patented strain gauge assembly

Justin Wu (CPE)

8 of 48

Motivation and Background

Improvements wanted by OH with MAE group’s iteration because of:

  • Too bulky for storage and quick assembly
  • Issues with sanitizing
    • Exposed wires
    • Exposed buttons
    • External keypad
    • External speaker
    • Labels written in Sharpie
  • Overly complex
    • RaspberryPi
    • GUI used
    • Breadboard instead of a PCB

Justin Wu (CPE)

9 of 48

Goals & Objectives

Goals:

  • Refine overall function and aesthetics of the Bleed ID System
  • Display other data besides blood volume (e.g., average blood flow rate & elapsed time)
  • Reduce latency (interrupts > delays)
  • Combat alarm fatigue
  • Improve robustness with better covering and more features

Objectives:

  • Design new electronics and power with custom PCBs utilizing ESP32
  • Revise code for data calculation and display via strain gauge
  • Replace and design a new UI display
  • Revamp alarm functionalities with new audio and visual alerts
  • Implementation of Software Buttons via Touch Screen functionality
  • Multiple UI modes for clinician preference

Justin Wu (CPE)

10 of 48

Function Goals

  • Determine new connection method
    • Improve “box sitting on shelf” style
    • Find a secure method to connect the monitor to the boom rail
  • System enclosure
    • New design for monitor
    • Reduce size of monitor
    • Improve buttons to waterproof

Bradley Spencer (EE)

11 of 48

Table of Engineering Specifications

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

  • Audible alarm must activate within 3 seconds of threshold

  • Alarm button must pause audible alert within 1 second of being pressed

  • Blood volume must measure within 5% accuracy

Component

Parameter

Specification

Demonstrable

Alarm Speaker

Sound Level

80-90 dB SPL

Yes

Alarm Pause Button

Functionality

Pauses Alarm Sound within < 1 second of being pressed

Yes

Display

Brightness

1000-1500 cd/m²

Yes

MCU

Sampling Frequency

1000 Hz

No

ESP32 Microprocessor

System Latency

Alarm activation < 3 seconds

Yes

Strain Gauge

Resolution

10 to 100 grams

Yes

Strain Gauge

Blood Volume Accuracy

+/- 5% accuracy

Yes

Strain Gauge

Blood Flow Rate Accuracy

+/- 5% accuracy

Yes

Entire System

Power Consumption

Energy Usage 3 to 15 Watts

No

Enclosure

Material Durability

Withstand 2000 cleaning cycles

No

Telescoping Monitor Arm

Adjustment Range

0.5-1.5m

Yes

12 of 48

Hardware Comparison and Selection

Bradley Spencer

Electrical Engineering

Caitlin Henderson

Electrical

Engineering

Bradley Spencer (EE)

13 of 48

Hardware Flowchart

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

14 of 48

Microcontroller

  • ESP32 allows room to expand if the client wishes

Bradley Spencer (EE)

ESP32

RA4M1

ATmega640

MSP 430

Cost (USD)

2.50

5.96

10.28

2.50

DAC

yes

yes

no

no

Flash Memory

4 MB

256 KB

64 KB

128 KB

RAM

520 KB

256 KB

8 KB

512 b

Operating Voltage(V)

3V to 3.6V

1.6V to 5.5V

2.7V to 5.5V

1.8V to 3V

Current Draw

28 mA

154 mA

200 mA

230 µA

Power Consumption

0.1008 W

0.847 W

1.1 W

.5 mW

Speed

240 MHz

48 MHz

16 MHz

16 MHz

Processing Cores

2

1

1

1

15 of 48

Linear vs Switching Regulator

Bradley Spencer (EE)

Linear

Switching

Cost

Less expensive

More expensive

Efficiency

Less efficient

More efficient

Noise

Less noisy

Noiser

# of components

Requires few components

Requires more components

16 of 48

WEBENCH

Bradley Spencer (EE)

17 of 48

Regulator

MAX8815AETB+T

TPS61027DRCR

TPS63061DSCR

TPS63001DRCR

TLV62569A

Min Vin (V)

1.2

0.9

2.5

1.8

2.5

Max Vin (V)

5.5

6.5

12

5.5

5.5

Output type

Adjustable

Fixed

Fixed

Fixed

Adjustable

Vout Min (V)

3.3

5

5

3.3

0.6

Vout Max(V)

5

5

5

3.3

5.5

Iout max (A)

1

1.5

2

1.6

2

Type

Boost

Boost

Buck-Boost

Buck-Boost

Buck

Frequency (MHz)

2

0.6

2.4

1.5

1.5

Maximum Efficiency (%)

97

96

93

96

95

Cost (USD)

5.49

2.09

2.41

2.16

0.21

Bradley Spencer (EE)

18 of 48

Monitor

  • The Nextion display meets all of our needs and can be easily implemented

Bradley Spencer (EE)

PIM372

ST0900I2W-RSLW-F

STM32

NX8048P070

Screen Size

8"

9"

7’’

7”

Cost (USD)

92.75

44.99

176.94

96.90

Resolution

1024 x 768

800 x 480

1024×600

800x480

Luminance (cd/m2)

350

250

1000

300

Input Voltage

5V

10.4V

12V

5V

Touch Screen

NA

NA

NA

Resistive

Communication

HDMI

I2C

RS485

UART

19 of 48

Alarm Speaker

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

Attribute

Part Comparison

Part Name

CMS-15113-078SP-67

OWS-111535W50A-8

SW301008-1

Manufacturer

Same Sky (Formerly CUI Devices)

Ole Wolff Electronics Inc.

DB Unlimited

Digikey Part Number

102-5001-ND

3949-OWS-111535W50A-8-ND

2104-SW301008-1-ND

Sensitivity

91 dBSPL

99 dBSPL

95 dBSPL @10cm

Ingress Rating

IP67 - Dust Tight, Waterproof

IP67 - Dust Tight, Waterproof

IP67 - Dust Tight, Waterproof

Price (USD)

$3.17

$1.07

$3.81

Power Rated

0.7 W

1 W

1 W

Power Max

1 W

1.3 W

1.5 W

Termination

Solder Pads

Wire Leads

Wire Leads

Size [mm]

(L x W x H)

15 x 11 x 3

15 x 11 x 3.5

30 x 17.5 x 3.7

DB Unlimited:

Flush Mount waterproof speaker

20 of 48

Buttons Part 1 - Power Button

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

Attribute

Part Comparison

Part Name

Uxcell SPST Rocker Switch

Dorman 84824 Rocker Switch

DaierTek Rocker Switch

TIANWIDJEW Rocker Switch

Ingress Protection

Requires waterproof casing

IP54

Not IP rated but stated waterproof

IP65

On/Off Labels

IEC 60417 5008 - O�IEC 60417 5007- |

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

LED Indicator

No

Yes- Red

Yes - Red

Yes - Blue

Termination Style

Quick Connect

Solder Lug

Quick Connect

Quick Connect and comes with wires

Cost

$7.09

$16.63

$9.59 (For 5)

$9.99 (for 2)

Switch/Button Type

Boat Rocker Switch

Rocker Switch

Marine Round Rocker Switch

Round Rocker Switch

Size

3.4 x 3.1 x 1.3 inches

1.25 x 2 inches

0.91 x 0.91 inches

1.42 x 0.9 inches

21 of 48

Buttons Part 2 - Toggle Settings Button

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

Attribute

Part Comparison

Part Name

IAR3F1300

IPC3FAD2

PB6B2RS3M1CAL00S500

Manufacturer

APEM Inc.

APEM Inc.

TE Connectivity

Termination Style

Solder Lug

Solder Lug

Wire Leads

Actuator Type

Round, Flat

Round, Domed

Round, Domed

Contact Rating

3A at 125VAC

3A at 125VAC

0.4VA max at 20V AC/DC

IP Rating

IP67 - Dust Tight, Waterproof

IP67 (Dust Tight, Waterproof)

IP68 (Dust Tight, Waterproof, Submersible)

Pros

Waterproof and dustproof,

Waterproof and dustproof

Highest ingress protection rating

Cons

Solder lug requires soldering, slightly more time-consuming but secure

Solder lug requires soldering, slightly more time-consuming but secure.

Lower power rating, may limit use in circuits requiring higher current.

Size

16.2 mm

13.6 mm

14 mm

Price

$25.08/each

$35.00/each

$8.69/each

22 of 48

Buttons Part 3 - Alarm Button/LED

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

Attribute

Part Comparison

Part Name

SW-PB7-01LB42BFRR12VM

ULV4F2BSLL15L35

ULV4F2BSLL14L07

Display

N/A

Stop

Reset

DigiKey Part Number

2057-SW-PB7-01LB42BFRR12VM-ND

141-ULV4F2BSLL15L35-ND

141-ULV4F2BSLL14L07-ND

Manufacturer

Adam Tech

E-Switch

E-Switch

Ingress Protection

IP67- Waterproof, Dust-tight

IP67 - Waterproof, Dust-tight

IP67 - Waterproof, Dust-tight

Regulation Compliance

RoHS Compliant

cURus

cURus

Termination Style

Solder Lug

Solder Lug

Solder, Quick Connect - 0.110”

LED Functionality

Yes - Red LED

Yes - Red LED

Yes - Red LED

Price (USD)

$18.89

$14.15

$11.32

Size

12.00 mm diameter

19.20 mm diameter

19.20 mm diameter

Press to stop audible alarm

23 of 48

Monitor Arm

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

Attribute

Part Comparison

Part Name

Inland LDT49-C012 Monitor Arm 452425

Lisen Amazon B0BW3KB8Y4 Monitor Arm

BONTEC Rotation Monitor Arm

Manufacturer

Inland

Lisen

Bontec

Monitor Size Compatibility

17" to 32"

4” -13”

13”-34”

Weight Capacity

19.8lbs

3.2kg

6.6 -19.8lbs

VESA Compatibility

75 x 75mm, 100 x 100mm

No

75x75mm,100x100mm

Tilt Range

+40° to -40°

Not Specified

+90° to -90°

Swivel Range

+90° to -90°

Not Specified

360°

Rotation Range

+180° to -180°

Not Specified

360°

Arm Extension

18.9" (479 mm)

Not Specified

17.7’

Cable Management

Yes

No

Yes

Mounting Options

Clamp: 0.39” -3.3”

Grommet: 0.39” -2.8”

Clamp: 2.83” max

Clamp: 0.39”-2.76”�Grommet: 0.39”-2.76”

Material

Powder Coated Aluminum & Steel Construction

Carbon Steel

Zinc Metal

Color Options

Silver

Black, White

Black

Price

$99.99

$29.99

$35.99

24 of 48

Sensor

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

Load Cell

Attributes

Parts Comparison

Parts Name

Ultrasonic Sensor (I2CXL-MaxSonar-WR MB7040)

Load/Weight Sensor �(ALAMSCN Digital Weight Sensor)

Measurement Method

Uses sound waves to measure distance to surface of liquid

Measures the increases in weight to the canister as it fills with blood

Accuracy

±1% to ±3% of the measured distance; accuracy drops significantly for distances under 20 cm.

±0.01% to ±0.1% of the full-scale reading

Integration Location

Mounts to the canister that collects the blood. Could be mounted to a lid.

Mounts to a canister holder.

Calibration

No calibration upon startup

Some calibration required based on size of canister.

Response Time

Real-time due to auto-calibration.

Real-time measurements update as the weight of the canister increases.

Ingress Protection

Must be modified with manufacture sold addition for IP67 rating.

Not IP rated but can be modified for waterproof ability.

Power

20-30mA at 5V �150W max

5-10mA at 5V - Load Cell�<5mA at 5V - ADC�75W max

Cost

$99.95 without waterproofing

$179.95 with IP waterproofing

$7.99 including HX711 ADC

25 of 48

HX711 - Analog to Digital Converter

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

• Two selectable differential input channels

• On-chip power supply regulator for load-cell and ADC analog power supply

• On-chip oscillator requiring no external component with optional external crystal

• On-chip power-on-reset

• Simple digital control and serial interface: pin-driven controls, no programming needed

• Selectable 10SPS or 80SPS output data rate

• Operation supply voltage range: 2.6 ~ 5.5V

• Operation temperature range: -40 ~ +85℃ •

26 of 48

Analog to Digital Converter

PCB Schematic

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

27 of 48

Analog to Digital Converter PCB

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

28 of 48

Overall Schematic

Bradley Spencer (EE)

Bradley Spencer (EE)

29 of 48

Bradley Spencer (EE)

30 of 48

Bradley Spencer (EE)

Bradley Spencer (EE)

31 of 48

Bradley Spencer (EE)

32 of 48

Software Comparison and Selection

Justin Wu

Computer

Engineering

Stephanny Bais

Computer

Engineering

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

33 of 48

IDE Comparison & Selection

Why Arduino IDE?

  • Easy to use; allows for quick programming
  • Familiarity
  • Extensive library availability
  • Compatible with ESP32, HX711 sensor, Nextion Monitor

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

Features

Arduino IDE

VSCode with �PlatformIO

Complexity

Beginner-friendly (simplified programming)

Intermediate to Advanced, can choose to work with Arduino or ESP-IDF framework

Supported Languages

Arduino C++

C/C++

Library Availability

Extensive Arduino libraries

Supports both Arduino and ESP-IDF libraries (and other native libraries for different platforms)

Board Compatibility

Very broad, including Arduino dev boards, ESP series, STM32 Series and more

Very broad, including both Arduino dev boards, ESP Series, STM32 series and more

34 of 48

Programming Language Comparison & Selection

Why Arduino C++?

  • Familiarity
  • Arduino IDE supported language
  • Compatible with ESP32
  • Compatible with Nextion Monitor
  • Hardware Control

C

C++

Arduino C++

Rust

Complexity

High Complexity

High Complexity

Less Complex

High Complexity

Real-Time System Suitability & Control Over Hardware

Great

Great

Great

Great

Team Familiarity

High

Some

High

None

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

35 of 48

Communication Protocols Comparison & Selection

Why UART & I2C?

UART (Monitor)

  • Simplicity
  • Only 2 pins needed
  • No need for high-speed & dedicated clock signal

I2C (Sensor)

  • Required by HX711 Sensor
  • Less wires/pins required compared to SPI
  • Allows for multiple devices if needed in the future

UART

SPI

I2C

Protocol Type

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Synchronous

Number of Wires

2 (TX, RX)

4 (MOSI, MISO, SCK, CS)

2 (SDA, SCL)

Data Rate

Low (< 1 Mbps)

High (>=10 Mbps)

Moderate (<1 Mbps)

Complexity

Simple (requires pre-set baud rate; minimal error-checking)

More Complex (device increases = complexity increases)

Simple (Chaining multiple devices is easy)

Drawbacks

Limited in range, speed, and multi-device support

Requires more wiring, interference

Delays, limited data rate, bus contention

Ideal Use

Simple, P2P Communication

High-speed data transfer between multiple devices

Communication with multiple devices

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

36 of 48

Software Flowchart

The following software flowchart outlines the main processes.

They are 4 sections in our programming:

  • Setup/Calibration
  • Data Calculation and Display
  • Alarm System
  • Monitor/Buttons

Justin Wu (CPE)

37 of 48

PWM Audio Alarm: Three Stages

  • Stage 1 (Initial Alert, 0-15 secs):
    • Set frequency with oscillating volume
    • Alert clinicians without sudden jumpscare
  • Stage 2 (Persistent Warning, 15-30 secs):
    • Volume set at loud magnitude, additional alert sound included
    • Begin to urge clinicians to deal alarm system
  • Stage 3 (Emergency Siren, >30 secs):
    • Cacophony of varying volume and frequencies
    • Persuasion of acknowledgement through pure annoyance
  • Different Frequency for Volume Alarm vs Flow Rate Alarm

Justin Wu (CPE)

38 of 48

UI

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

(1) Prompts user to input a known weight value for calibration.

(2) Prompts user to insert the known weight in the canister for calibration

(3) Prompts user to choose the canister size

39 of 48

UI

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

(4) Default/Main page

(5) Mode 1

(6) Mode 2

40 of 48

CAD Modeling - System Enclosure

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

The system enclosure will house the monitor screen, buttons, and all electrical components aside from the load cell.

Pictured

  • Side button - Power On/Off
  • Bottom Left button - ALARM STOP
  • 4 bottom buttons - Toggle buttons

Not Pictured

  • Back of case will allow for power cord
  • Back of case will allow for corded connection to ADC
  • Back of case will house the flush mounted speaker

41 of 48

CAD Modeling - Load Cell ADC Mount

ADC Mount and Lid

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

To eliminate exposed wires from the load cell a box to house the ADC was added.

42 of 48

Prototyping and Testing - Hardware

Bradley Spencer (EE)

43 of 48

Prototyping and Testing - Software

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

44 of 48

Prototyping and Testing - Difficulties & Successes (HW)

Difficulties

  • All button pins were originally left floating
  • First iteration of voltage regulators malfunctioned due to frequency mismatch
  • The sensor data lines had too much resistance and caused data to decay

Successes

  • 3.3V regulators are 92% efficient
  • Strain Gauge has a minimum of 98% accuracy
  • Readings from Sensor/ADC are within <5% variance

Bradley Spencer (EE)

45 of 48

Prototyping and Testing - Difficulties & Successes (SW)

Difficulties

  • Obtaining accurate data from sensor
  • Proper communication with monitor
  • Long latency of hardware and software buttons
  • Long latency of data calculation and display
  • Long latency of alarm system trigger and acknowledgement

Successes

  • Implementation of Arduino libraries and functions
  • Implementation of RTOS and Interrupts
  • Addition of error handling
  • Overall latency reduced across the board

Justin Wu (CPE)

46 of 48

Administrative Content - Work Distribution

Bradley Spencer

Primary: MCU PCB, Voltage Regulator PCB, Monitor Implementation,

Secondary: Speaker Implementation, Sensor Implementation, Button Implementation

Caitlin Henderson

Primary: Project Manager, Button Implementation, Strain Gauge Assembly, Monitor and ADC Mount CAD Modeling, Speaker Research & Implementation, ADC PCB

Secondary: Audio Implementation Programming, Voltage Regulator PCB

Justin Wu

Primary: Programming (Audio Implementation, Alarm System, RTOS, Delays/Interrupts), Prototyping (Debugging & Testing)

Secondary: Data Reading & Logic, Error Handling, PCB Testing, Breadboard Testing

Stephanny Bais

Primary: Programming (UI Implementation, Data Reading & Logic, Button Functionalities), Breadboard Testing

Secondary: Error Handling, PCB & Regulator Testing, Delays/Interrupts

Stephanny Bais (CPE)

47 of 48

Administrative Content - Budget

Caitlin Henderson (EE)

Orlando Health is the sponsor for our project. We did aim to keep the device as low cost but high quality as possible.

Some components and parts were ordered in multiples to allow for testing and possible faulty parts.

Component

Name/Part Number

Est. Cost ($)

Budget

($)

Cost ($)/each

Qty.

TOTAL COST

Filament

Printer Filament [F1]

$81.00

$100.00

$16.00

2

$32.00

Arm

Arm with Mount [F2]

$389.00

$400.00

$36.00

1

$36.00

ESP 32

ESP-WROOM-32 [F3]

$20.00

$20.00

$5.00

5

$25.00

Strain Gauge

BF350-3AA BF350 350 ohm [F4]

$9.00

$10.00

$5.00

5

$25.00

ADC chip

ADC081C021CIMKX/NOPB [F5]

$3.00

$5.00

$33.00

3

$99.00

Signal Amplifier

WWZMDiB HX711 Load Cell [F6]

$7.00

$10.00

$6.99

1

$6.99

Speaker

SP-3605 [F7]

$3.00

$10.00

$3.17

3

$9.51

Screen 1

RVT101HVSNWN00 [F8]

$236.00

$250.00

$100.00

1

$100.00

Screen 2

Nextion 7.0" LCD NX8048P070-011R-Y [F12}

$130.00

$250.00

$117.99

1

$117.99

Button - Alarm

XB7NA81 [F9]

$35.00

$50.00

$14.87

2

$29.74

Button - Toggle

PB6B2RS3M1CAL00S500 [F13]

$10.00

$15.00

$8.69

20

$173.80

Switch - Power

TIANWIDJEW Rocker Switch

$10.00

$20.00

$10.00

2

$20.00

Power cable

Power Cord Straight 8 Foot 16 Gauge [F10]

$30.00

$50.00

$15.99

1

$15.99

PCB

PCB [F11]

$50.00

$50.00

$15.20

5

$76.00

Parts

Estimated Cost

Budget

Total Number of items

Overall Cost

Total

14 Parts

$1,953.00

$2,240.00

58

$767.02

48 of 48

Thank You!