EAR AND EAR CARE

THE HUMAN EAR

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• Located in the petrous part of the temporal bone
• An Organ of Hearing
• Balance

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PARTS OF THE EAR

• OUTER EAR, MIDDLE EAR AND INNER EAR.
• OUTER EAR:
• CONSISTS OF THE AURICLE(PINNA),
• THE EXTERNAL AUDITORY MEATUS (EAM) AND
• THE EXTERNAL LAYER OF THE EARDRUM.
• THE MIDDLE EAR :
• OSSICLES-
• MALLEUS, INCUS AND STAPES
• EUSTACHIAN TUBE: helps in equalizing the pressure in the Ears.
• THE INNER EAR :The inner ear  contains of 3 main parts,
• THE COCHLEA,
• THE VESTIBULE
• SEMICIRCULAR CANALS.

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• Because the outer ear is the sole visible component of the ear  doesn’t mean it’s the Eear

CONDITIONS AND DISORDERS;

There are many diseases and conditions that can affect your ears

INFECTIONS

• Otitis Media- virus, bacteria
• Mastoiditis – virus, bacteria, fungal ,TB
• Abscess – Bacteria, fungal ,TB

NONINFECTIOUS

• Traumatic perforations
• Wax impactions
• Eustachian tube dysfunctions,
• Tumors

BALANCE DISORDERS

• Menieres
• BPPV
• labyrinthitis
• Neuritis

HEARING DISORDERS

• Hearing loss
• Hyperacusis

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF COMMON EAR CONDITIONS�

• Otalgia: Ear pain
• Ear blockage: Clogged ears.
• A feeling of fullness in your ears
• Hearing loss: Reduced hearing.
• Urticaria :Itchy ears.
• Otorrhea :Ear discharge
• Associated Symptoms
• Tinnitus
• Vertigo
• Nausea and vomiting.

Check your hearing level ?�

• The common hearing tests  include:
• Turning fork
• Pure-tone testing. 
• This simple hearing test Middle ear tests. These tests can determine how well your eardrum functions. They can also tell your healthcare provider if you have a ruptured eardrum.
• Speech testing. .
• Auditory brainstem response (ABR). 
• Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). 

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EAR CARE:

How can I properly care for my ears?

Here are some tips to keep your ears as healthy as possible:

• Keep your ears dry by wearing ear plugs when swimming.
• Don’t use cotton swabs to clean your ear canal.
• Wear protective equipment when playing contact sports.
• Turn the volume down when listening to music through headphones or earphones .
• Wear ear plugs if you’re around loud noises.
• routine hearing test and ear examinations.
• Report sudden onset- hearing loss,otalgia,dizziness
• Avoid over the counter eardrops

Wax impaction

• Perfom otoscopy
• Manual removal
• Suction
• Ear syringing
• Medications

- Elderly people with both hearing and vision problems are far less socially active than their peers.

ASSOCIATED HEALTH CONDITIONS

• Feeling of loneliness
• Isolation
• Depression
• Cognitive decline
• Hypertension

EXAMPLES OF DISEASES AFFECTING THE� EYES AND EARS

• Mainly  autoimmune inner ear diseases.
• Cogan syndrome causes mainly hearing symptoms, but can also cause dizziness and eye disease.

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• SUSAC SYNDROME (microangiopathy of ear, brain and eye) is a extremely rare disorder in which deafness, reduced vision, and encephalopathy may all present simultaneously.
• VOGT-KOYANAGI-Harada syndrome (VKH), is another autoimmune disorder combining uveitis, vitiligo (patches of depigmented skin), poliosis (white eyebrows), and sometimes inner ear symptoms.