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3 Parts of the Atomic Theory

  • All matter is composed of atoms.
  • Atoms of the same element are the same; atoms of different elements are different
  • Atoms combine in whole number ratios to form more complex molecules (compounds)

��������

Protons________

Neutrons________

Electrons________

6

C

Carbon

12

Atomic Theory

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3 Parts of the Atomic Theory

  • All matter is composed of atoms.
  • Atoms of the same element are the same; atoms of different elements are different
  • Atoms combine in whole number ratios to form more complex molecules (compounds)

��������

Protons___6___

Neutrons________

Electrons_________

6

C

Carbon

12

Atomic Theory

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3 Parts of the Atomic Theory

  • All matter is composed of atoms.
  • Atoms of the same element are the same; atoms of different elements are different
  • Atoms combine in whole number ratios to form more complex molecules (compounds)

��������

Protons___6___

Neutrons________

Electrons___ 6 ___

6

C

Carbon

12

Atomic Theory

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3 Parts of the Atomic Theory

  • All matter is composed of atoms.
  • Atoms of the same element are the same; atoms of different elements are different
  • Atoms combine in whole number ratios to form more complex molecules (compounds)

��������

Protons___6___

Neutrons________

Electrons___ 6 ___

6

C

Carbon

12

Atomic Theory

Mass – Protons = Neutrons

12 – 6 = 6

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3 Parts of the Atomic Theory

  • All matter is composed of atoms.
  • Atoms of the same element are the same; atoms of different elements are different
  • Atoms combine in whole number ratios to form more complex molecules (compounds)

��������

Protons___6___

Neutrons__ 6 ___

Electrons___ 6 ___

6

C

Carbon

12

Atomic Theory

Mass – Protons = Neutrons

12 – 6 = 6

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3 Parts of the Atomic Theory

  • All matter is composed of atoms.
  • Atoms of the same element are the same; atoms of different elements are different
  • Atoms combine in whole number ratios to form more complex molecules (compounds)

��������

Protons___6___

Neutrons__ 6 ___

Electrons___ 6 ___

6

C

Carbon

12

Atomic Theory

Mass – Protons = Neutrons

12 – 6 = 6

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Subatomic Particles

Atoms are made of smaller pieces that are either in the center�of the atom called a nucleus or whirring around at such speeds�that atoms appear solid.

Electron small fast moving particles arranged by�energy levels: 2, 8, 8 ,8

Charge Negative 1

Mass basically 0

Energy Levels

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Particles in the Nucleus

The nucleus contains two particles, although it is not actually a physical thing, more of a space that they inhabit.

Proton Large positive particle

Charge Positive 1

Mass 1 amu (atomic mass unit)

Neutron

Charge

Mass

Subatomic Particles

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Particles in the Nucleus

The nucleus contains two particles, although it is not actually a physical thing, more of a space that they inhabit.

Proton Large positive particle

Charge Positive 1

Mass 1 amu (atomic mass unit)

Neutron Large neutral particle, keeps the Protons together

Charge No charge

Mass 1 amu

Subatomic Particles

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Atom Models Through History

Dalton Model

Thomson Model

Rutherford Model

Bohr Model

Electron Cloud

Model

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Molecules

Whole Number Ratios

How we Write them Co CO C6H8O7

Remember atoms symbols always begin with an uppercase letter

Physical and Chemical Properties

Models and Molecules

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Molecules

Whole Number Ratios

How we Write them Co CO C6H8O7

Remember atoms symbols always begin with an uppercase letter

Then subscripts tells us how many of that type of atom are in a molecule so 7 Oxygens are in this molecule

Physical and Chemical Properties

Models and Molecules

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Molecules

Whole Number Ratios

How we Write them Co CO C6H8O7

Remember atoms symbols always begin with an uppercase letter

Then subscripts tells us how many of that type of atom are in a molecule so 7 Oxygens are in this molecule

Physical and Chemical Properties

Describe the substance as it is (physical) or as it is being changed (chemical) into a new substance.

Physical Examples: Density, Colour, Volume, Elasticity, Luster

Chemical Properties: Heat of Combustion, flammability, toxicity, reactivity (acids, water, etc)

Models and Molecules

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Proportions of Atoms to Molecules

Atoms are always smaller than molecules that include that type of atom

Carbon Dioxide Molecule

Carbon Atom (a small molecule, only 3 parts)

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Large molecule

(every intersection of a line is another atom)

Proportions

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Compound Materials

Watch this video on Composite (compound materials) https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=5w73zCQY1bQ&ab_channel=OneEnergy

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Compound Materials

(Composite) materials combine the properties of�two materials to use their strengths together

Example: Traditional Recurve Bows, combined animal bone/horn and sinew.�The bone was very strong when compressed and the more elastic and high tensile strength�sinew would pull the bow back into shape. Without the sinew the bone would snap and without the�bone the sinew would just crumple up and not create tension.

Natural Materials

Any material found/created by anything other than humans that we have made a use for

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Synthetic Materials

Any material that we made by modifying a natural�material. Sometimes the modification is very small �other times it is so drastic that the synthetic �material is unrecognizable from its natural material

Example: Chewing gum, yes it is made of plastic…�so it is made from oil!