05 Heredity
WARNING: This unit is a WORK IN PROGRESS.
Don’t use the slides to look ahead.
Find where we are by looking for the orange slide.
Find the curriculum map, with links to assignments and slides, here.
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 5
Wednesday 3/26
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 5
Wednesday 3/26
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 5
Wednesday 3/26
WHAT: (5.3) How can we predict the outcomes of genetic crosses?
WHY: Mendelian genetics is used often in science and medicine.
HOW: - Pedigree assignment (see video for how to get this into your lab notebook)
Unit 5 guiding questions
Please make a new entry in your lab notebook:
Pedigrees assignment
Today: pedigrees!
But first: remember this?
Today: pedigrees!
But first: remember this?
Today: pedigrees!
But first: remember this?
See these slides for the assignment and cooldown:
COOLDOWN
Why are pedigrees important?
One or two complete sentences, please.
Hello there! I’m out today!
Yellow Bellwork at the ready, plus your lab notebook, equation sheet,
CALCULATOR
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 5
Thursday 3/27 and Fri 3/28
DO NOW
Chi-squared analysis tells us…
Copy and complete!
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 5
Thursday 3/27 and Fri 3/28
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 5
Thursday/Friday :3/27 and 3/28
WHAT: (5.3) How can we predict the outcomes of genetic crosses?
WHY: Mendelian genetics is used often in science and medicine.
HOW: - Using genetic crosses to analyze a stickleback trait (through “Extension”)
🐟🐟🐟
Our first model organism for genetics:
the MIGHTY STICKLEBACK
Generation words:
How to express genotypic and phenotypic ratios:
P
F1
F2
You can search for the answer key for this assignment…
BUT please use it only to check your work and/or as tutor,
not the way you’d use a Snapchat’d photo of math HW :)
Also: remember we are calculating chi-squared differently from the method that may be presented here. Check your notebook notes from Tri 1 for the procedure and language we use to describe our chi-square findings!
COOLDOWN:
Skip THURS; here’s FRIDAY
COOLDOWN:
Skip THURS; here’s FRIDAY.
SKIP the WEEK IN REVIEW
Pelvic spines are a _________ trait in stickleback. We know because…
Copy and complete!
Morning!
Time for a new YELLOW BELLWORK.
LAST CALL wks 1-5: Friday, 2:40
March field exp due TODAY!
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Monday 3/31
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Monday 3/31
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Monday 3/31
WHAT: (5.3) How can we predict the outcomes of genetic crosses?
WHY: Mendelian genetics is used often in science and medicine.
HOW: - finish Using genetic crosses to analyze a stickleback trait (through “Extension”)
- Heredity problem set, part D (📔!)
Unit 5 guiding questions
Unit 5 guiding questions
Remember this?
Remember this?
What genetic content do sex cells contain?
genetic
Dad
genetic
Mom
Set up a new entry in your lab notebook:
Heredity problem set
This assignment will be submitted in person (notebook check).
✏️*PENCIL OK!*✏️
Part D of heredity problem set
Part D of heredity problem set
Part D of heredity problem set
Part D of heredity problem set
Part D of heredity problem set
Part D of heredity problem set
These percentages help us figure out whether only Mendelian genetics is at play…
These percentages help us figure out whether only Mendelian genetics is at play…
… or whether something more complex is happening to determine the phenotypic outcomes we observe.
What is a null hypothesis?
Null = “nothing”
What is a null hypothesis?
Null = “nothing”
IN GENERAL: | IN GENETICS: |
What is a null hypothesis?
Null = “nothing”
IN GENERAL: There is no impact of [independent variable] on [dependent variable]. | IN GENETICS: |
What is a null hypothesis?
Null = “nothing”
IN GENERAL: There is no impact of [independent variable] on [dependent variable]. | IN GENETICS: Only simple Mendelian genetics is responsible for the ratio(s) of offspring. |
You can use chi-squared in many situations…
You can use chi-squared in many situations…
… as long as you think about the possible categories (rows in your table) and degrees of freedom (categories-1)
You can use chi-squared in many situations…
… as long as you think about the possible categories (rows in your table) and degrees of freedom (categories-1)
Answers to 🐟🐟 follow
COOLDOWN
Meiosis forms ___ploid gamete cells in sexually reproducing ___ploid organisms.
Copy and complete!
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6 Tuesday 4/1 (no foolin’)
DO NOW
Are all dominant alleles common alleles?
Make a claim, then back it up with evidence from this course or other knowledge.
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6 Tuesday 4/1 (no foolin’)
DO NOW
Are all dominant alleles common alleles?
Make a claim, then back it up with evidence from this course or other knowledge.
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6 Tuesday 4/1 (no foolin’)
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Tuesday 4/1
WHAT: (5.many) How can we predict the outcomes of more complex genetic inheritance?
WHY: Let’s practice applying Mendelian genetics to more complex situations!
HOW: - March field experience debrief
- Heredity problem set, 2024-2025 (focus for today: allosome-linked heredity)
What does nature do for us?
Unit 5 guiding questions
PUNNETT SQUARES ARE PROBABILITY MAPS
Today: next-level Punnett squares and more pedigree practice
Today, we are tracking alleles for genes that occur on the X chromosome.
Today: next-level Punnett squares and more pedigree practice
Today, we are tracking alleles for genes that occur on the X chromosome.
X
Y
X
X
XX | XY |
XX | XY |
Today: next-level Punnett squares and more pedigree practice
Today, we are tracking alleles for genes that occur on the X chromosome.
Xr
Y
XR
Xr
XRXr | XRY |
XrXr | XrY |
Today: next-level Punnett squares and more pedigree practice
Today, we are tracking alleles for genes that occur on the X chromosome.
Xr
Y
XR
Xr
XRXr | XRY |
XrXr | XrY |
Write the title of this section with its letter, then answer questions like this:
A1)
A2)
etc.
More about color-blindness
COOLDOWN
Using complete sentences, explain in your own words and handwriting why red-green colorblindness affects 1 in 10 people with male birth sex in the U.S. population but only 1 in 100 people with female birth sex.
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Wednesday 4/2
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Wednesday 4/2
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Wednesday 4/2
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Wednesday 4/2
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Wednesday 4/2
WHAT: (5.many) How can we predict the outcomes of more complex genetic inheritance?
WHY: Let’s practice applying simple Mendelian genetics to more complex situations!
HOW: - Heredity problem set, part B: Incomplete dominance and codominance!
Unit 5 guiding questions
Generation words
P
F1
F2
How to express genotypic and phenotypic ratios
Incomplete Dominance
Codominance
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Wednesday 4/2
DO NOW
Codominance
Blood typing has three alleles, remember? IA, IB, i O
Blood typing has three alleles, remember? IA, IB, i O
COOLDOWN
Draw a small sketch to help you remember INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE and CODOMINANCE.
Hint: Professor Ello can help!
COOLDOWN
Draw a small sketch to help you remember INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE and CODOMINANCE.
Hint: Professor Ello can help!
Hello there!
Please find your Bellwork!
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Thursday 4/3
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Thursday 4/3
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Thursday 4/3
DO NOW
Which individual’s cells did the crossing over?
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Thursday 4/3
DO NOW
Which individual’s cells did the crossing over?
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Thursday 4/3
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Thursday 4/3
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Thursday 4/3
WHAT: (5.4) How can we explain traits that deviate from Mendelian genetics in more complex ways?
WHY: Many phenotypes arise in more complex ways!
HOW: - Isn’t it just XX and XY? (can’t legally post; remote students should see Canvas)
Unit 5 guiding questions
Sometimes, chloroplasts and mitochondria drive traits!
Sometimes, chloroplasts and mitochondria drive traits!
Today’s work: Isn’t it just XX and XY?
What we’re talking about today: assigned-at-birth sex
What we’re talking about today: assigned-at-birth sex
In class: start slides
Absent/learning remotely today?
Please check assignment details in Canvas -- there is an ALTERNATIVE assignment and a lot of explanation from me!
:)
COOLDOWN
Skip!
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Friday 4/4
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Friday 4/4
DO NOW
Bb
bb
Bb
Bb
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Friday 4/4
DO NOW
Bb
bb
Bb
Bb
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Friday 4/4
DO NOW
Bb
bb
Bb
Bb
The disease phenotype is recessive and is autosomal/not sex-linked.
AND: How’s your goal going?
Go find your records, read ‘em over, and write a sentence or two with today’s date!
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Friday 4/4
DO NOW
AND: How’s your goal going?
Go find your records, read ‘em over, and write a sentence or two with today’s date!
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Friday 4/4
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 6
Friday 4/4
WHAT: (5.many) How can I review what I've learned about heredity?
WHY: Let’s get our prep in for next week’s exam!
HOW: - MMM CHAMPIONSHIP
- Unit 5 MCQ Progress Check
Homework for next week:
COOLDOWN
(Week in Review: your MMM score)
In a dihybrid Mendelian cross where the genetic parents are RrYy, what are the chances of an offspring having
HINT: Make two little Punnett squares, then multiply the probabilities! List probabilities in fractions, please.
COOLDOWN
(Week in Review: your MMM score)
In a dihybrid Mendelian cross where the genetic parents are RrYy, what are the chances of an offspring having
HINT: Make two little Punnett squares, then multiply the probabilities! List probabilities in fractions, please.
Hello there!
NO BELLWORK THIS WEEK!
Let’s get ready to GENETICS
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 7
Monday 4/7
DO NOW
What is one thing you need to practice or review before this week’s exam? What about it is tricky or challenging right now?
(Do you “got this”? What’s something else that’s on your studying to-do list?)
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 7
Monday 4/7
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 7
Monday 4/7
WHAT: (5.4) How can we predict the likelihood of recombination between different genes in meiosis?
WHY: This is why “crossing over” leads to so much variation.
HOW: - Recombination and linked genes
Unit 5 guiding questions
You can use chi-squared in many situations…
… as long as you think about the possible categories (rows in your table) and degrees of freedom (categories-1)
FRQs, 2010
FRQs, 2010
FRQs, 2010
COOLDOWN even though we don’t have Bellwork this week
When genes are close together on the same chromosome, they are said to be __________.
The process that can switch alleles of linked genes on a chromosome during gamete formation is _____________________________.
The two copies of autosomes (one from genetic mom, one from genetic dad) are called ____________________.
Hello there!
NO BELLWORK THIS WEEK!
Gimme an F… R… Q!
Calculator, EQUATION SHEET,
pen(cil)
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 7
Tuesday 4/8
DO NOW
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 3 Week 7
Tuesday 4/8
WHAT: (5.many) How can I review what I've learned about heredity?
WHY: Time to practice your science communication in the Unit 5 FRQ Progress Check :)
HOW: - Unit 5 FRQ Progress Check
Unit 5 guiding questions
Remember…
Hello there!
NO BELLWORK TODAY!
Today is a WORK DAY.
See Canvas for info on what to do!
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 2 Week 10
Wednesday 1/24
DO NOW
Bookmark slide!
THIS IS THE END OF THE WEEK
So Milks can plan!
Norms, part 2!
Let’s practice some of the norms we identified, and make adjustments as needed, by looking at some data together!
OUR SCIENCE IDEALS:
OUR SCIENCE NORMS:
We value gathering a diversity of voices and initial ideas. | We critique ideas based on evidence, not people. | We are open to changing our minds based on evidence (even when it’s uncomfortable). |
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|
|
What do you like about the norms? OR: Anything we need to adjust? Why?
AP Bio BELLWORK Tri 2 Week 8
Monday x/x
DO NOW