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TROPES

The use of a word or phrase not intended by its normal signification; wordplay.�

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SCHEMES

The alteration of the simple structure of phrase patterns or word order: repetition, enhancement, movement.

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Tropes and Schemes

Both are departures from the standard to evoke an effect and enhance the message. Beyond the “what” of a trope or scheme, the rhetor must have a “why” for its use.

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The Task

research

draft

present

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Research

Visit the sites listed on the next page and review some tropes and schemes

Limit your research to those listed in the Draft section and again at the end of this presentation.�

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Some sites (not exclusive…)

silva rhetoricae�http://rhetoric.byu.edu/�

virtual salt�http://www.virtualsalt.com/rhetoric.htm�

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Draft

By random draw, each group will select a Trope or Scheme to present to the class.

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Distinctio/Amplification/Apposition Chiasmus

Anaphora/Epistrophe/Symploce Litotes Metonymy/Synecdoche Parallelism Poly/Asyndeton Epizeuxis Procatalepsis�Anadiplosis Apostrophe Anthimeria

Erotesis Eponym Zeugma

“

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Present

Each group will present their selected trope or scheme to the rest of the class.

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The Task:

Prepare

Find definitions. Find examples. Find the pattern. Find the purpose.

Present

Teach us:

The Name
The Greek
The Definition
The Purpose
An example that describes something you enjoy

Assess

Generate one multiple choice question with five answer choices.

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Presentation Options

Physical

Digital

Performance

Diagram featured by http://slidemodel.com

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Anapodoton

Gk. “without the main clause (apodosis).”�A scheme of ommission

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Anapodoton

A scheme in which a main clause is suggested by the introduction of a subordinate clause, but that main clause never occurs.

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Anapodoton

Anapodoton is also named for what occurs when a main clause is omitted because the speaker interrupts himself/herself to revise the thought, leaving the initial clause grammatically unresolved but making use of it nonetheless by recasting its content into a new, grammatically complete sentence.

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Anapodoton

Purposeful uses include:

Allowing the listener or reader to fill in the blanks according to their understanding.

Adjust the meaning mid-sentence.

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“Just when you thought I was done talking about the benefits of reading ...”

�“When they decide to promote me — when they see more clearly what will benefit this company — I will be at their service.”

“

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Anapodoton

Which is an example of anapodoton?

Why do we park in driveways, but drive in parkways?
There are two kinds of people: Those who can extrapolate from given information.
If I get accepted to Uof[X], I’ll scream for joy.
But then there’s the Swifties.
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Distinctio/Amplification/Apposition Chiasmus

Anaphora/Epistrophe/Symploce Litotes Metonymy/Synecdoche Parallelism Poly/Asyndeton Epizeuxis Procatalepsis�Anadiplosis Apostrophe Anthimeria

Erotesis Eponym Zeugma

“

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Questions?

michael.gaughen@sduhsd.net