© Luke Donovan | Game of English | CC BY-SA 4.0
GZ10.04 - Non-defining Relative Clauses
Object
GZ10.04A - Non-defining Relative Clauses - Object - Person - who
GZ10.04B - Non-defining Relative Clauses - Object - Thing - which
© Luke Donovan | Game of English | CC BY-SA 4.0
GZ10.04A - Non-defining Relative Clauses
Object - Person - who
[P] = Person [O] = Object
[A] = Action
Use who to add extra information about a person who receives an action in the relative clause.
who + subject + verb
John, who Sarah met yesterday, lives next door.
The relative pronoun is the object of met. In non-defining clauses, keep who and use commas.
✓ John, who Sarah met yesterday, lives next door.
✗ John, that Sarah met yesterday, lives next door.
✗ John, Sarah met yesterday, lives next door.
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© Luke Donovan | Game of English | CC BY-SA 4.0
GZ10.04B - Non-defining Relative Clauses
Object - Thing - which
[P] = Person [O] = Object
[A] = Action
Use which to add extra information about a thing that receives an action in the relative clause.
which + subject + verb
My hair, which I washed yesterday, looks terrible.
Which is the object of washed. Do not replace it with that or omit it in a non-defining clause.
✓ My hair, which I washed yesterday, looks terrible.
✗ My hair, that I washed yesterday, looks terrible.
✗ My hair, I washed yesterday, looks terrible.
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