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ENGL 131A

Good writing and research questions

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Agenda

  1. Week 06 Overview
  2. Good writing freewrite
  3. Good/Bad writing examples
  4. Crafting a research question
  5. Topics exercise

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“Good writing”

When you hear the words “good writing,” what comes to mind? A novel, literary essay, business memo, or all of the above? Is it even possible to define good writing? Additionally, discuss w/ a partner about what piece of writing you found as an example of “good writing,” and why you think that is.

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“Good writing”

Ex:

Hi my name is Ebony Dark’ness Dementia Raven Way and I have long ebony black hair (that’s how I got my name) with purple streaks and red tips that reaches my mid-back and icy blue eyes like limpid tears and a lot of people tell me I look like Amy Lee (AN: if u don’t know who she is get da hell out of here!). I’m not related to Gerard Way but I wish I was because he’s a major fucking hottie. I’m a vampire but my teeth are straight and white. I have pale white skin. I’m also a witch, and I go to a magic school called Hogwarts in England where I’m in the seventh year (I’m seventeen). I’m a goth (in case you couldn’t tell) and I wear mostly black. I love Hot Topic and I buy all my clothes from there. For example today I was wearing a black corset with matching lace around it and a black leather miniskirt, pink fishnets and black combat boots. I was wearing black lipstick, white foundation, black eyeliner and red eye shadow. I was walking outside Hogwarts. It was snowing and raining so there was no sun, which I was very happy about. A lot of preps stared at me. I put up my middle finger at them.

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“Good Writing”

Context for the example above:

  • Harry Potter fanfiction from 2006
  • Incorporates goth/edgy culture
    • “Middle school emo” phase

Sure, it’s pretty bad. It’s funny, but also makes you question the author’s choice and if it’s good or not.

But what if you look at it as a satire? Does this “bad” piece of writing suddenly become “good”?

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“Good Writing”

Ex:

Broadly speaking, cultural studies is not one arm of the humanities so much as an attempt to use all of those

arms at once. It emerged in England, in the nineteen-fifties and sixties, when scholars from

working-class backgrounds, such as Richard Hoggart and Raymond Williams, began thinking about the

distance between canonical cultural touchstones—the music or books that were supposed to teach you

how to be civil and well-mannered—and their own upbringings. These scholars believed that the rise of

mass communications and popular forms were permanently changing our relationship to power and

authority, and to one another. There was no longer consensus. Hall was interested in the experience

of being alive during such disruptive times. What is culture, he proposed, but an attempt to grasp at these

changes, to wrap one’s head around what is newly possible?

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“Good Writing”

Context for the example above:

  • Stuart Hall New Yorker piece (2017) from earlier this quarter

It’s journalistic in presentation, and very much meant to be take seriously and meant to be easily understood.

Compare this to the previous example, what would you then classify as “good” vs. “bad?” And more importantly, how much does context have to do with what we view as good or bad?

Does “good” or “bad” writing even exist?

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Break

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Crafting a claim

  1. Research question → claim
    1. What’s your position? What are you trying to say?
  2. Evidence
    • What evidence will you use to support your claim?
    • Textual? Statistical?
  3. Stakes
    • Why is your argument important to begin with?
    • What contextual factors are at play?
  4. Concession
    • What is the other side saying about the issue?
    • How can someone argue against you/use a different perspective?

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Crafting a research question

Before crafting a research question, it’s important to to identify issues/topics first:

Not only should the topic be interesting, but it should also matter to you!

  1. Draw on personal experience
  2. Identify what is open to dispute
  3. Resist binary thinking
  4. Build on and extend the ideas of others (synthesis)
  5. Read to discover a writer’s frame
  6. Consider the constraints of the situation

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Draw on your personal experience

This is exactly what it sounds like; start with a sense of:

  • What’s important to you
  • What puzzles you
  • What makes you uncomfortable
  • Or what you’re curious about

Then build your inquiry by moving into other sources of information

Ex: The negotiations between UAW 4121 and UW Administration for a fair ASE contract

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Identify what is open to dispute

You can think of an issue as a fundamental tension between two or more points of view (individuals, organizations, nations, cultures)

This clarifies the issue and stance for yourself, but also opens up lines of inquiry into other points of view.

Ex: UAW 4121 wants a better contract for ASE’s, while UW Admin is unwilling to budge on certain positions

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Resist binary thinking

As you begin thinking about your issue, try to negotiate the complexities that might be present in the issue–resist binary thinking.

Oftentimes, there may be other underlying, complex factors that play into issues at hand.

Ex: UAW 4121 wants better contract/UW Admin won’t give better contract

  • Other factors at play include larger questions of institutional funding
  • Cost of living in the city/inflation
  • Position availability

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Build on and extend the ideas of others

Start in a familiar place, but branch out to extend your ideas through research

Ex: UW’s base rate for ASE’s is $2,664

How does this rate compare to other schools’ contracts?

University of California - $3,777

WSU Vancouver - $3,124

This is an issue at UW; but how have other institutions handled bargaining, and what were the outcomes?

Trace the issue from a personal perspective to a broader, field perspective

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Putting it all together…

  1. Refine your topic and expand into a phrase - I am interested in the consequences of contract negotiations and how they’ll shape the future of ASE’s on campus.
  2. Explain your interest in the topic - I am interested in the consequences of contract negotiations b/c I, and many of my colleagues, are ASE’s who’ll be directly affected by these outcomes.
  3. Identify an issue - The unjust contract put forth by UW admin contradicts my beliefs in student/worker rights and what it means to have a fair contract.
  4. Formulate your topic as a question - How will the outcomes of contract negotiations affect both current and future ASE positions, and why is it so difficult to come to a compromise for a fair contract to begin with?

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Crafting research questions exercise

To practice the process of crafting research questions, you’ll be working through the process through these prompts as a group:

  • Break into groups
  • From the topics, pick one that interests you the most/are most passionate about
  • Work through the steps to craft a research question and put it all together

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Crafting research questions exercise

  • Public transportation in Seattle
  • Urban development and gentrification
  • Impact of the 2010’s tech boom on Seattle’s economy
  • UW food services
  • UW student housing
  • Impact of UW Athletics on campus life and community engagement
  • Environmental sustainability practices at UW/the larger Seattle area
  • Impact of social media on mental health/cultural dynamics
  • Food insecurity
  • Role of AI in education