Stages in Paper� Production

Presented BY GROUP “F” Members:

• Shreejan Paudel
• Sandesh Singh
• Samir Prasad Khanal
• Shreshant Kumar Ray
• Gaurav Khadka

​

​

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Acknowledgement:

I would like to convey my heartfelt gratitude to respected PNL SIR and MP SIR for this invaluable advice and assistance in completing my project. They were always there to assist us in every step of the way, and their motivation which enabled us to accomplish our task effectively. I would also like to thank all of the other supporting personnel who assisted us, without which we would not have been able to perform efficiently on this project.

​

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Objective of Study

1. To understand the stages in Paper Production
2. Highlighting Environmental Impacts
3. Role of Chemical in Paper production
4. Highlighting Importance of paper
5. Knowing the background of paper production industry

​

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Table of Content

1. Introduction-------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Types of paper--------------------------------------------------------------
3. Paper Production---------------------------------------------------------
4. How paper is made?---------------------------------------------------
5. General overview of the Process------------------------------
6. Harvesting Raw Materials------------------------------------------
7. Bleaching-----------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Pressing and Drying----------------------------------------------------
9. Surface Sizing and Coating--------------------------------------
10. Finishing--------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Packaging ---------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Importance--------------------------------------------------------------------
13. Environmental Impact------------------------------------------------
14. Conclusion---------------------------------------------------------------------

1

2

3

4

5-6

7-8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Paper

• Paper is a thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing cellulose fibres derived from wood, rags, grasses, or other vegetable sources in water, draining the water through a fine mesh leaving the fibre evenly distributed on the surface, followed by pressing and drying.

1

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Types of Paper

• copy paper
• bond paper
• cardstock
• glossy paper
• matte paper
• parchment paper

• newsprint
• tissue paper
• construction paper
• watercolor paper
• vellum
• tracing paper

2

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Paper Production

Paper production is the process of converting raw materials, such as wood fiber, recycled fiber, and other materials, into paper products. Paper production is a complex and highly automated process, and it requires advanced technologies, equipment, and skilled workers to ensure that the final paper product meets the desired quality and performance requirements.

3

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Paper Production Process: How paper is made?

Preparation of the Fiber

The preparation of the fiber is the first step in the paper manufacturing process. It involves breaking down the raw material, typically wood chips, into small fibers that can be used to make paper.

Once the raw materials are prepared, they are typically transported to the paper mill, where they undergo further processing, such as refining, forming, pressing, drying, and finishing, to create the final paper product.

4

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

General overview of the Process:

1. Preparation of raw materials: Wood chips, recycled paper, or other raw materials are collected, sorted, and processed to remove any impurities, such as metals or plastics. The raw materials are then washed and debarked.
2. Pulping: The raw materials are chopped into small pieces and mixed with water and chemicals to form a pulp. The pulp is then heated and stirred to break down the fibers and remove any remaining impurities.
3. Refining: The pulp is further refined to improve the quality of the fibers and make them more suitable for papermaking. Refining involves passing the pulp through a series of screens and filters.

​

5

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

4. Forming: The pulp is poured onto a wire mesh screen, and water is drained away. The remaining fibers form a wet mat, which is then pressed to remove more water.
5. Pressing: The wet mat is pressed between rollers to remove even more water and compact the fibers.
6. Drying: The paper is dried by passing it through a series of heated rollers or by hanging it on a drying rack.
7. Finishing: The paper is cut into the desired size and shape and may be coated or treated with chemicals to improve its properties, such as brightness, smoothness, or resistance to water.
8. Packaging: The paper is packed in boxes by different methods.

6

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Pulping

Refining

Forming

Pressing

Drying

Bleaching

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Stages on manufacturing

1. Tree Selection and Harvesting:

Trees are carefully selected based on fiber quality. Harvesting involves cutting down the trees, which are then transported to the paper mill.

​

• Debarking and Chipping:

The outer bark is removed, and the remaining wood is chipped into small pieces

Harvesting Raw Materials

7

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Preparing Pulp

3. Kraft and Sulfite Pulping:

Chemical pulping method that uses a solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium sulfide (Na2S).

Na₂S + H₂O ⇋ NaOH + NASH

Na₂S = Sodium sulfide

H₂O = Water

NaOH = Sodium Hydroxide

NASH = Sodium Hydrosulfide

8

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Bleaching

Bleaching Agents:

Chlorine and chlorine compounds were traditionally used, but environmental concerns have led to the adoption of chlorine-free bleaching agents.

Importance of Bleaching:

Bleaching is essential to achieve the desired brightness and color of paper. It removes residual lignin and other impurities.

2NaClO₂(s) + Cl₂(g) ⇋ 2ClO₂(aq) + 2NaCl(aq)

​

NaClO₂= Sodium hypochlorite

Cl₂=Chlorine

ClO₂= Sodium Chlorite

NaCl=Sodium chloride

9

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Pressing and Drying

Pressing Methods

1. Nip Pressing

2. Blind Drilled Pressing

3. Suction Pressing

4. Shoe Pressing

5. Extended Nip Pressing

6. Soft Nip Pressing

7. Film Pressing

​

Drying Methods

1. Air Drying

2. Infrared Drying

3. Microwave Drying

4. Vacuum Drying

5. Freeze Drying

6. Yankee Dryer

7. Steam Drying

​

10

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Surface Sizing and Coating

1. Internal Sizing: Adding sizing agents to the pulp during the papermaking process to enhance the paper's resistance to liquid penetration.
2. External Sizing: Applying sizing agents to the surface of the formed paper to improve water resistance and printability.
3. Roll Coating: Coating the paper by passing it between rolls, allowing for precise control of coating thickness.
4. Metering Size Press: Applying a controlled amount of sizing solution to the paper using a metering size press.

11

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Finishing

1. Calendering: Passing the paper through rollers to improve smoothness and gloss.
2. Reeling: Winding the paper onto large rolls for further processing or conversion.
3. Embossing: Creating raised or textured patterns on the paper surface for decorative or functional purposes.
4. Laminating: Bonding multiple layers of paper or other materials for enhanced strength or functionality.
5. Folding: Folding the paper into specific formats or configurations for end-use

12

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Packaging

1. Wrapping: Encasing paper products in protective or decorative packaging.
2. Labeling: Adding product information, branding, or barcodes to paper packaging.
3. Cartoning: Placing paper products into cartons or boxes for bulk packaging.
4. Strapping: Securing bundles or pallets of paper products with straps for stability during transit.
5. Quality Control: Ensuring that finished paper products meet specified standards before packaging.
6. Storage: Storing packaged paper products in a controlled environment before distribution.

13

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Importance of Paper

1. Communication
2. Education
3. Printing and Publishing
4. Documentation
5. Packaging

6. Art and Creativity
7. Currency
8. Notetaking and Planning
9. Origami and Crafts
10. Filters and Packaging in Labs
11. Environmental Sustainability

​

14

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Environmental Impact

1. Deforestation
2. Water Usage
3. Chemical Pollution
4. Energy Consumption
5. Greenhouse Gas Emissions
6. Waste Generation
7. Air Pollution
8. Recycling Challenges
9. Landfill Contributions

15

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

Conclusion:

The paper manufacturing process is evolving rapidly, driven by new technologies and a growing awareness of the need for sustainability and efficiency. Companies that adopt these new trends and best practices can improve productivity, reduce costs, and ensure efficient and sustainable operations while producing high-quality paper products that meet customer needs.

​

16

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

References:

1. Wikipedia
2. Guide book
3. youtube.com
4. deskera.com
5. foryounewss.blogspot.com

Presentation download link:

https://www.sushilaregmi.com.np/2023/12/stages-in-paper-production-presentation.html

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com

This presentation uses a free template provided by FPPT.com

www.free-power-point-templates.com