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CONVENTION ON BIODIVERSITY

(C B D)

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INTRODUCTION

It is the international legal instrument for “the conservation of biological diversity.

It is a multilateral environmental agreement , also known as Biodiversity convention.

It was drafted on 22 may 1992 and ratified by 30 states .

It got effective on 29 dec.1993.

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OBJECTIVES OF ( C B D)

The convention has three main goals.

  • Conservation of biological diversity.
  • The sustainable use of the components of biological diversity.
  • The fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.

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AGREEMENTS OF ( C B D)

1 CARTAGENA PROTOCOL IS ON BIOSAFTY CONCERNS RELATED TO EXPORT AND IMPORT OF LIVING MODOFIED ORGANISMS

2THE NAGOYA PROTOCOL IS ABOUT “ACCESS TO GENETIC RESOURCES AND THE FAIR AND EQUITABLE SHARING OF BENEFITS

TWO AGREEMENTS OF CONVENTION ON BIODIVERSITY

CBD Agreements

Cartagena protocol

Nagoya protocol

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COMPONENTS OF CARTAGENA

  • TWO MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CARTAGENA
  • Advanced informed agreement(AIA): It ensures that the countries are provided with the information necessary to make decisions before agreeing to the import of “living modified organisms”.
  • Bio safety clearing house: It facilitates the exchange of information on “living modified organisms” and to assist countries in the implementation of the protocol.

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NAGOYA PROTOCOL (AICHI TARGETS)

  • The Aichi targets are adopted by( C B D) at Nagoya conference.
  • A set of 20 targets are grouped under five strategic goals.
  • These Aichi targets are under the strategic plan for biodiversity 2011-2020

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GOALS OF AICHI TARGETS

  • To address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss by mainstreaming biodiversity across government and society.
  • To reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use.
  • To improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species and genetic diversity.
  • To enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services.
  • To enhance implementation through participatory planning knowledge management and capacity building.

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INDIAN EFFORTS UNDER (C B D)

  • Indian parliament passed the biodiversity act in December 2002 to address many of India’s obligations under the C B D .
  • The act mainly deals with access to genetic resources by the foreign companies, individuals or organizations.
  • The national biodiversity authority(NBA) was set up under the act to deal with the requests for access to genetic resources by foreigners.
  • The act provides for state level boards ,the commercialization of any bio resources by Indian’s and biodiversity management committees at local government level .

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CONCLUSION

  • The convention on biodiversity, an adoption at united nations conference on environment and development (UNCED) which helps the countries of the world to adapt strategies to conserve and use biodiversity sustainably.

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