FIVE KINGDOMS OF CLASSIFICATION

CLASS:IX

R.WHITTAKER’S

FIVE KINGDOMS OF LIFE

MONERA

PROTISTA

FUNGI

PLANTAE

ANIMALIA

KINGDOM: MONERA

- Prokaryotic, Unicellular forms.

• Lack well defined nucleus and cell organells.
• Some have cell walls and few lack.
• Autotrophic / Heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

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Ex:Bacteria,Blue-green algae and Cyanobacteria,

Mycoplasma

KINGDOM: PROTISTA

- Unicellular Eukaryotic Plant and Animal like organisms.

- Autotrophic /Heterotrophic forms.

- In few movement occur by Cilia, Flagella and Pseudopodia.

Ex: Algae,Diatoms,Amoeba and other Protozoans

KINGDOM: FUNGI

- Multicellular, Eukaryotic and Non green organisms.

- Heterotrophic feed on dead and decayed organisms.

- Cell wall is made with Chitin.

- Few fungi are symbiotic with algae called Lichens.

Ex: Yeast,Agaricus,Aspergillus and Penicillium etc.

KINGDOM: PLANTAE

• Multicellular,Eukaryotic nature with Cellulosic cell wall.
• Autotrophic plants with photosynthetic nature.
• Have chlorophyll pigments.
• Wide Diversity.
• Root, Stem and Leaves are distinct.

PLANTS

PLANTS BODY WITHOUT

DIFFERENTIATION

Ex:THALLOPHYTA

PLANTS BODY WITH

DIFFERENTIATION

VASCULAR TISSUE ABSENT

Ex:BRYOPHYTA

VASCULAR TISSUE PRESENT

DO NOT PRODUCE SEEDS

Ex:PTERIDOPHYTES

PRODUCE SEEDS

Ex:PHANEROGAMS

SEEDS NAKED

Ex:GYMNOSPERMS

SEEDS INSIDE FRUITS

DICOTS

MONOCOTS

Ex:ANGIOSPERMS

THALLOPHYTA

1.Commonly called ALGAE.

2.Do not have well defined body.

3.All of them are aquatic.

4.All are photosynthetic thallophytes.

Ex: SPIROGYRA,ULOTHRIX,CHARA

and CHLADOPHORA

BRYOPHYTA

1.First plants to live on land and in the water.

2.Amphibians of plant kingdom.

3.Plant body has stem and leaf like structures.

4.No vascular tissue in these plants.

Ex:Moss(Funaria),Riccia and Marchantia etc.

PTERIDOPHYTA

1.These are first land plants with vascular tissues.

2.Plants body differentiated in to root, stem and leaves.

3.Have complex tissue for conduction of water, dissolved

minerals and food.

Ex:Marsilea,Fern etc.

GYMNOSPERMS

1.Seeds are naked.

2.Perenials,Evergreen and Woody.

3.Flowers are represented by Unisexual

Cones,both present on the same plant.

Ex:PINUS and CYCAS

ANGIOSPERMS

1.Seeds bearing plants and seeds develop

inside fruits.

2.Seeds bear Embryo’s and Cotyledons.

(Seed Leaves)

ANGIOSPERMS

(Based on No. of Cotyledons)

MONOCOTS

DICOTS

KINGDOM: ANIMALIA

• Multicellular,Eukaryotic and Heterotrophs.
• No Cell Wall Only Cell Membrane is present.
• Variety of wide Diversity.

Ex: All Animals.

ANIMALS

CELLULAR LEVEL

Ex:PORIFERA

TISSUE LEVEL

ACOELOMATES

Ex:CNIDARIA

PLATYHELMINTHES

PSEUDOCOELOMATES

Ex:NEMATODA

COELOMATES

MESODERM FROM SINGLE CELL

Ex:ANNELIDA

ARTHROPODA

MOLLUSCA

COELOM FORMED FROM ENDODERM

NOTOCHORD PRESENT

NOTOCHORD ABSENT

Ex:ECHINODERMATA

CHORDATA