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Go to this link and watch the video:
“Study Jams: Energy & Matter”
Then answer these questions:
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Have you ever ridden on a roller coaster? As you go up, down, and around you probably were excited, thrilled, and terrified but you didn’t think of the physics involved in your thrilling experience. Part of the physics of a roller coaster is the physics of work and energy. Work occurs when a force is applied to an object and the object moves in the same direction that the force was applied. Energy is the ability to do work or the ability to move or cause a change in matter.
The ride begins as a chain and motor (or other mechanical device) exerts a force on the cars you sit to pull it to the top of a very tall hill.
Read Part 1. Jot down notes and drawings that will help you remember the meanings of these words. You can use the sketch/scribble button on the toolbar.
Potential and Kinetic Energy – Part 1
Once you are at the top of the hill, gravity takes over and you begin your thrilling ride. Gravity is a force that pulls two objects together and here on Earth, it pulls things down. The remainder of the ride is an experience in energy transformation.
As you wait at the top of the hill, waiting to speed down, the cars possess a large quantity of potential energy. Potential energy is stored energy due to its position and depends on the mass and the height of the object. The more mass and more height, the more potential energy there is. All objects have potential energy.
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The roller coaster has a large amount of potential energy as it sits at the top of the hill because the height of the cars is so far above the ground. As the cars makes their first drop, they lose much of this potential energy as they lose height. The cars subsequently gain kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion which is formed or caused by motion. Kinetic energy is dependent upon the mass of the object and the speed of the object. As the car careens down the hill, it gains speed but loses height.
Potential and Kinetic Energy – Part 2
The original potential energy, due to their large height, is transformed into kinetic energy, revealed by their high speeds. Throughout the ride, as you speed along, you are losing and gaining height. As the cars go up the next hill, they lose speed. Kinetic energy (speed/movement) is transformed into potential energy as the roller coaster climbs (due to height).
Read Part 2. Jot down notes and drawings that will help you remember the meanings of these words. You can use the sketch/scribble button on the toolbar.
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Potential and Kinetic Energy – Questions
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Part 1
Watch the following videos. They show each ball’s reaction to being dropped.
Then answer the following questions:
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Part 2
Gravitational Potential Energy is energy that is stored due to an object’s position above the earth.
At the greatest distance from the ground, the ball will have the most potential energy. Increasing the mass of the ball increases its gravitational potential energy.
Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion.
The ball will be moving the fastest at the bottom of its drop, so it will have the most kinetic energy there.
The Law of Conservation of Energy says that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
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As the ball falls toward the ground, it is losing potential energy but gaining kinetic energy. This is an energy transformation.
Part 3
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https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/energy-skate-park-basics/latest/energy-skate-park-basics_en.html
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Go to:
(PHET Simulation – “Energy Skate Park: Basics”)
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Part 1
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Part 2
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Part 3
INPUT STATION
Research It!
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Label each scenario with the type of energy that it is experiencing most.
You will not use all of the labels!
Book on a shelf
Skier at the top of a hill
Pendulum at its highest point
Stretched out rubber band
A flowing river
A meteor entering
the atmosphere
Bicycling down a ramp
A snowboarder coming down a mountain
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Organize It!
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See the next page for help on inserting pictures into the page.
Draw a model that illustrates potential energy (PE), kinetic energy (KE), and gravity.
Be sure to label the following:
Illustrate It!
OUTPUT STATION
There are several ways to get images into these pages.
For either option, go to the “Insert” menu on the upper left corner and choose “Pictures.”
Select “This Device” and browse to the folder where you saved the picture. Click on the file name and click “Insert.”
Illustrate It!
OUTPUT STATION
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How does energy change from potential to kinetic?
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Describe a situation where you would see the transformation from potential to kinetic energy.
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Think of a hydropower dam.
How is electrical energy produced from potential and kinetic energy?
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Question 3
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Part 1
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OUTPUT STATION
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Part 2
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Use the vocabulary words from “Read It” to complete the following sentences.
When we look around our world there are many kinds of (4)_____ (the ability to do work) that we see. (5)_____ is the energy of motion, and dependent on the mass and speed of the object. If energy is stored due to its position, then it is (6)_____, and this energy is stored energy due to the object’s position (or height). This stored energy comes from the force of (7)_____ pulling downward on the object. This force causes (8)____ to be done on an object, since the force is applied to the object and it moves in the same direction as the force.
OUTPUT STATION
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All other stations must be completed before you begin this station. Choose one or more of the activities below.
Click on the word to go to the page for that activity.
Challenge It!
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BONUS STATION
COMIC STRIP
Imagine you are riding a roller coaster that experiences ramps, loops, and twists.
Create a comic strip with at least four panels that illustrates your experience riding this coaster.
Each panel must contain at least one illustration plus written explanation.
Use all of the words from “Read It” in your description!
Insert a picture of your comic strip here.
There are several ways to get images into these pages.
Once your picture is saved, go to the “Insert” menu in the upper left corner and choose “Pictures.”
Select “This Device” and browse to the folder where you saved the picture. Click on the file name and click “Insert.”
Challenge It!
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BONUS STATION
Type your paragraph here |
INTERPRETING GRAPHS
Look at the graph below.
Write a paragraph describing a scenario that this graph would be true for.
Challenge It!
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BONUS STATION
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ACROSTIC
Create an acrostic poem using the word “transformation” that summarizes what you’ve learned in this lab about energy transforming between KE and PE.
Challenge It!
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BONUS STATION
FLASHCARDS
Select at least 10 vocabulary words from this lab.
Create physical or digital flashcards of the vocabulary terms and definitions.
Insert a picture of your flashcards here.
There are several ways to get images into these pages.
Once your picture is saved, go to the “Insert” menu in the upper left corner and choose “Pictures.”
Select “This Device” and browse to the folder where you saved the picture. Click on the file name and click “Insert.”
Challenge It!
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BONUS STATION