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Research Methodology

Research Problems and Research Design

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Various Types of Research problems in social science

  • Empirical Problems

In empirical problems, the social research answer question or solve problems or offer suggestions on the basic of their findings or perceptions, observation or understandings to verify, accept or reject relationship among the variables

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Various Types of Research problems in social science

  • Analytical Problems
  • Analytical problems are merely definitional and not empirical.
  • These are essentially and conceptual problems. The answer to these problems depend on the meaning of the word in the sentences expressing them.

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Various Types of Research problems in social science

  • Normative problems
  • Normative problems are question the answer of which depend primarily on value judgments.
  • These may take either an evaluative or prescriptive form.

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Criteria of good research problem in social research

  • The problem should express the relationship between two or more variables.
  • The problem should be related clearly and un-ambiguously in the form of questions.
  • Possibilities for empirical verification and testing.
  • The research problem should be novel and original one.
  • A good research problem should enrich knowledge or improve the current practices.

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Research Design

Definition

“ A research design is logical and systematic Planning and directing a piece of research”.

Pauline V.young

“Research design represents a compromise dictated by the many practical considerations”.

E.A.Suchman

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Essential of a research design

  • It is a plan that specifies the objectives of he study.
  • It specifies the method to be adopted in the collection of the data.
  • It specifies the tools in the analysis of the data.
  • It is helpful to frame the hypothesis to be tested.

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Advantage of research design

  • It saves a lot of researcher’s time and energy
  • It paves the way for the better documentation of the research activities.
  • It helps in preparing and executing the various research activities.
  • It ensure a proper time schedule.
  • It builds up confidence and hope in the mind of the research to complete the work in a proper way.

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Factors affecting research design

  • Non- availability of sufficient data
  • These problems would be more intensive to those collecting the information with primary sources.
  • To avoid such problems a researcher has to frame a suitable research design after conducting the pilot study

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Factors affecting research design

  • Availability of resources
  • Availability of resources is another important factor which affect the research design.
  • The quantum of money to be spent on research determines the size, data collection and the use of statistical tools

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Factors affecting research design

  • Knowledge and skill of the researcher
  • knowledge and skill of the researcher are also important factors in framing the research design.
  • A study based on some hypothesis requires application of one or more statistical tools.

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Factors affecting research design

  • Availability of Time
  • Time is precious for research work.
  • The proper utilisation of time leads to time leads to timely submission of the dissertation.
  • The time must be allocated on the basis of the volume of research work to be performed at every stage

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Factors affecting research design

  • External and uncontrollable factors
  • The unforeseen activities like natural calamities, change in Govt.policies, political change and economic change also affect the research design.