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Cláudia Pinhão

UX/UI Designer

@Gemeente Amsterdam

Jason Fiawo

Copywriter

@Gemeente Amsterdam

Labeling Guide

Project Sidewalk

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The anatomy of this guide

^{In this guide w}^{e want to share with you how to label Amsterdam correctly in Project Sidewalk. The guide is split into three chapters:}^labeling^,^validating^,^and^{visualizing data}^{—each chapter has visual examples and a video.}

^{Visit Project Sidewalk}^here^.

^{Labeling data}

^Validat^{ing data}

^Visualizing^data

^{Video tutorial + guidelines}

^{Video tutorial}

^Questions

^Contact

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Labeling data

HOW TO

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^{General Guidelines}

^{How to label?}

^{You should place labels}^{at the center}^{of curb ramps or surface problems,}^{and at the base}^{of obstacles, otherwise it will give the wrong latitude and longitude values.}

^{Try to get}^{as close as possible to the object}^{you are labeling. Labeling from farther away will result in less accurate results.}

^{These are the currently available labels:}

^{Curb Ramp}

^Missing

^{Curb Ramp}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

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^Do

^{Add a}^{curb ramp}^{label in the centre}

^Do

^{Add a}^{pedestrian signal}^{label in the centre/base}

^Do

^{Add a}^obstacle^{label in the centre/base}

^Don’t

^{Do not add the}^{curb ramp}^{labels in the ends}

^Don’t

^{Do not add the}^{pedestrian signal}^{label on the button or top}

^Don’t

^{Do not add the obstacle label on the top or ends of the obstacle}

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^{Levels of severity}

^{We use severity levels to get a better evaluation how difficult would be a wheelchair user to pass by in a certain location. The levels can be defined as:}

^{Fully passable.}^{(Curb ramps + Crosswalks) Wheelchair users do not have to reduce their speed or change route. The route is completely fluid.}

^{(Other labels) There is a problem but it should be fully passable for every wheelchair users.}

⁴

⁵

^{Not passable.}^Wheelchair^{users cannot pass there at all and there is no alternative route.}

^{Almost not passable.}^{Only a few wheelchair users can pass but with some risk or a lot of effort or with help. Alternative route might be present.}

^Passable.^{Wheelchair users clearly identify the problem or obstacle but are still capable of overcoming it alone by reducing their speed, stopping or changing route.}

^{Almost fully passable.}^Wheelchair^{users have to slightly slow down or deviate a little bit}^from^{obstacles or other problems but without thinking too much about it.}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{What are they?}

^{A curb ramp is a short ramp that cuts through or builds up to a curb. An accessible curb ramp is one that provides an accessible route for people with mobility impairments to safely transition from a curbed sidewalk to a roadway, or vice versa.}

^{Where can we find them?}

^{We can find them often on the both ends of crosswalks, or when a sidewalk continue on the other side of the street, even without crosswalk.}

^{curb ramp}

^curb

^plan

^section

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^{At both ends of a crosswalk}^{there should be curb ramps}

^{At street corners or along big paths}^without^crosswalks^{, there might be curb ramps}^{to cross the street}

^{At both ends of a crosswalk}^{with an island in between there should be curb ramps on all ends of the crosswalk including in the island}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Where shall we label curb ramps?}

^{Curb ramp}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Tags

^{Curb ramps have 8 associated tags further explained}^below:

^{The curb ramp has a small width for a wheelchair user}

^narrow

^{tactile warning}

^steep

^{not enough landing space}

^{not level with street}

^{surface problem}

^{The curb ramp has a textured guide that indicates to blind or visually impaired people there is a crossing}

^{The curb ramp has a sharp angle that leads to a more}^difficult^{rising and}^uncontrolled^{falling for a wheelchair user}

^{The curb ramp leads to a narrow space in the sidewalk where}^turning^{a wheelchair is difficult or impossible}

^{The curb is slightly lowered but not enough to be at the same level of the street, creating a small step}

^{The curb ramp is broken, uneven or has grass, pooled water or debris}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | severity: 1 | No tags}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | severity: 1 | No tags}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | severity: 2 | narrow}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | severity: 2}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | severity: 1 | No tags}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | severity: 5 | tag: narrow, not enough landing space, not level w/street, surface problem}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | severity: 3 | tag: narrow}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | sev: 4 | tags: steep, surface problem}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | sev: 4 | tag: not enough landing space}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | severity: 3 | description: pooled water}

^Do

^{Curb ramp | severity: 1 | tags: tactile warning}

^Do

^{Curb ramp |}^severity:^{3 | tag: not level with street}

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^The^{curb ramp for garages}^{should not be labelled as curb ramp because}^{it is meant for vehicles}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^The^{curb ramp for driveways}^{should not be labelled as curb ramp because}^{it is meant for vehicles}

^{Where shall we label curb ramps?}

^{Not a c}^{urb ramp}

^{Not a curb ramp}

^{At both ends of a crosswalk}^{that is leveled with the sidewalk. It should be labelled instead as crosswalk and tagged as ‘leveled with sidewalk’}

^{Not a curb ramp}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Don’t

^{The crosswalk is levelled with the sidewalk}

^Don’t

^{This ramp is for vehicles not meant for people}

^Don’t

^{This ramp is for vehicles not meant for people}

^Don’t

^{It is a driveway}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Missing curb ramp at one of the}^{ends of a crosswalk}

^{Curb ramp present on one side}^{of the of the street but}^{missing on the other side}

^{No curb ramp or crosswalk}^and^{no alternative route nearby}

^{Where shall we label missing curb ramps?}

^{Missing c}^{urb ramp}

^{Missing curb ramp}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Where shall we label missing curb ramps?}

^{Abrupt end of sidewalks}^{even if there is}^no^{sidewalk on the other side}

^{Driveways running into sidewalks}^{that cause an high}^difference

^{Missing curb ramp}

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^Tags

^{Missing c}^{urb ramps have 3 associated tags further explained below:}

^{There is a visible alternative route nearby such as a driveway}

^{Alternate route present}

^{No alternate route present}

^Unclear

^{There is no visible alternative route or it is too far away}

^{Unclear whether there should be a curb ramp here}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

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^Do

^{Missing curb ramp | sev: 4 | tag: no alternate route}

^Do

^{Missing curb ramp | sev: 3 | tag: no alternate route}

^Do

^{Missing curb ramp | sev: 2 | tag: alternate route}

^Do

^{Missing curb ramp | sev: 5 | tag: no alternate route}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Do

^{Missing curb ramp | sev: 4 | tag: alternate route}

^Do

^{Missing curb ramp | sev: 5 | tag: no alternate route}

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^{When it is not a sidewalk}^{it doesn’t need a curb ramp}

^{Speed bumps are not crossings}^{so they don’t need curb ramps}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Where shall we label missing curb ramps?}

^{Not a missing curb ramp}

^{When the}^{curb is even}^slightly^lowered^{it is considered a curb ramp and tagged ‘not level with the street‘}

^{Not a missing curb ramp}

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^Don’t

^{There is no crosswalk or sidewalk on both sides}

^Don’t

^{If it is not a sidewalk it doesn’t need a curb ramp}

^Don’t

^{It is a speed bump and not a crosswalk so there is no need for curb ramps}

^Don’t

^{This curb ramp}^{creates only a slight height difference in the road}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Obstacles in Path}

^{What is it?}

^{Obstacles are objects that are directly on the path of a pedestrian route, thus blocking the path. In Amsterdam the minimum sidewalk width should be 90cm of clear space. Clear space means the total width of the sidewalk}^subtracted^{by the width of obstacles such as}^{bins, traffic}^signs^{, poles,}^{between others}^.

^{This allows pedestrians, especially those using walkers or wheelchairs, to remain safely on the sidewalk or crosswalk. Moving off the path to avoid an obstacle may be impossible or may cause imbalance, tripping, or other hazards.}

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^{Where shall we label obstacles?}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Any obstacle (temporary or permanent) that leaves a}^{remaining width of less than}^approx.^{1,2 m}^{in the sidewalk. Take as reference that a door is normally 80cm wide.}

^{Any construction that blocks the sidewalk}^{leaving less than approx. 1,2 m, should be labelled in the beginning and end (if it is long)}

^{Obstacles that leave more than approx. 1,2 m}^{of sidewalk free}^{or that are}^{in motion}

^{Obstacle in path}

^{Not an obstacle in path}

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^Tags

^{Obstacles in path}^{have 14 associated tags that help identifying their typology. Below we present some examples:}

^{fire hydrant}

^pole

^tree

^vegetation

^{trash/recycling can}

^{parked car}

^{parked bike}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^construction

^sign

^stairs

^{height difference}

^narrow

^{litter/garbage}

^{parked scooter/ motorcycle}

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^Do

^{Obstacle in path}^|^severity:^{5 | tag: pole}

^Do

^{Obstacle in path | severity: 5 | tag: construction}

^Do

^{Obstacle in path | severity: 5 | tag: parked car}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Do

^{Obstacle in path | severity: 5 | tag: stairs}

^Do

^{Obstacle in path |}^severity^{: 2}^{| tag: garbage}

^Do

^{Obstacle in p. | sev: 5 | tag: parked bike + garbage}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Don’t

^{It leaves more than 1,2m passage}

^Don’t

^{It leaves more than 1,2m passage}

^Don’t

^{It leaves more than 1,2m passage}

^Don’t

^{It leaves more than 1,2m passage}

^Don’t

^{It leaves more than 1,2m passage}

^Don’t

^{Car seems to be in movement}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Surface Problem}

^{What is it?}

^{A surface problem is a problem that would cause a bumpy or otherwise uncomfortable experience for someone using a wheelchair or}^other^{assistive device. If something on a surface would make it hard or impossible to cross, it should be labeled as a surface problem. For surface problems that cover a large area, you should place a surface problem label at the start of the problem, and then continue placing labels every few meters (}^about^{1 per image) until the end of the problem.}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Where shall we label surface problems?}

^{Cracks, uneven or broken pavement}^{that would be}^{uncomfortable}^{for wheelchair or other assistive devices users}

^{Narrow sidewalks}^{, that have less than 90cm.}

^{Gravel, sand, grass or debris}^{that interfere with an easy use of a wheelchair or assistive device}

^{Surface problem}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Where shall we label surface problems?}

^{Rail and tram tracks}^{that are present in sidewalks}

^{Brick pavement}^{, if it isn’t uneven and does not have cracks, it is not considered a surface problem in Amsterdam}

^{Surface problem}

^{Not a surface problem}

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^Tags

^{Surface problems}^{have 10 associated tags that help identifying their typology. Below we present some examples:}

^bumpy

^cracks

^grass

^narrow

^construction

^{uneven/slanted}

^{very broken}

^{height difference}

^{rail/tram track}

^sand/gravel

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

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^Do

^{Surface problem |}^severity:^{2 | tag: uneven}

^Do

^{Surface problem | sev: 3 | tag: uneven, grass}

^Do

^{Surface problem | severity: 3 | tag: tram tracks}

^Do

^{Surface problem | severity: 5 | tag: narrow}

^Do

^{Surface problem | severity: 2 | tag: grass}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Don’t

^{This brick work is not uneven or cracked}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{No Sidewalk}

^{What is it?}

^{A sidewalk is a paved path for walking, often alongside a road. As such, sidewalks give a separated path only for pedestrians making it safer to walk or}^jo^g.

^{In the absence of a sidewalk, and if there is no alternative route, pedestrians have to travel on the road risking their safety.}

^{We consider that a}^{no sidewalk}^{label should be placed if there is a missing sidewalk.}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Where shall we label no sidewalk?}

^{Street without any sidewalk.}^{Place labels every other}^{image until you reach a place where the sidewalk begins again}

^{The same pavement is shared with cars and pedestrians}

^{No sidewalk}

^{Sidewalk ends abruptly}

^{No sidewalk}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Where shall we label}^no^sidewalk?

^{Median that separates the two directions of traffic}^{, unless the median has a sidewalk that}^ends^abruptly

^{Not a no sidewalk}

^{Add tag ‘}^{street has a sidewalk’}^{if there is a sidewalk on the other side of the road}

^{The pavement is}^{for pedestrians only}

^{Not a no sidewalk}

^{No sidewalk}

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^Tags

^{No sidewalk}^{has 5 associated tags further explained below:}

^{The sidewalk was expected to continue but ends abruptly}

^{ends abruptly}

^{street has a sidewalk}

^s^{treet has no sidewalks}

^{gravel/dirt road}

^s^{hared pedestrian/car space}

^{The street has a sidewalk on the other side of the road}

^{The street has no sidewalk at all}

^{The street is a}^secondary^{road without any planned pavement. It is still in gravel or dirt}

^{The entire street pavement is shared by both pedestrians, cars and other}^vehicles

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Do

^{No sidewalk | severity: 5 | tag: ends abruptly}

^Do

^{No sidewalk | sev: 5 | tag: street has a sidewalk}

^Do

^{No sidewalk | severity: 5 | tag: ends abruptly}

^Do

^{No sidewalk | severity: 2 | tag: street has a sidewalk}

^Do

^{No sidewalk | severity: 2 | tag: street has a sidewalk}

^Don’t

^{Median that separates the two directions of traffic}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{What is it?}

^{A crosswalk is a legally defined space to cross a road, where the pedestrians have priority (providing they have taken due}^precautions^{before beginning to cross the road).}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Where shall we label a crosswalk?}

^{Zebra crossing. If it has cracks or rail lines, increase severity and add the corresponding tag}

^{Perpendicular dashed lines are}^{an indication of crossing but}^{pedestrians do not have priority. Add ‘no pedestrian priority’}^tag

^Speed^bumps

^Crosswalk

^{Not a crosswalk}

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^Tags

^Crosswalks^{have 5 associated tags that help identifying their typology. Below we present some examples:}

^{paint fading}

^{broken surface}

^{uneven surface}

^bumpy

^{rail/tram track}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Do

^{Crosswalk | sev: 1 (left), 2 (right)| tag: tram track}

^Do

^{Crosswalk | sev: 3 | tag: paint fading, broken surface}

^Do

^{Crosswalk | severity: 1 | tag: leveled with sidewalk}

^Do

^{Crosswalk | severity: 4 | tag: no priority}

^Don’t

^{It is a speed}^bump

^Don’t

^{Not a crosswalk}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{What is it?}

^{A pedestrian signal allows a safer way for pedestrians to cross the street at signalized intersections. The pedestrian signal normally when green, provides enough time to the pedestrian to cross the street until it turns red again. Some of this signals are activated by a pedestrian detector push-button, that causes the controller to operate a pre-programmed time sequence.}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Waar moeten we een voetgangerssignaal neerzetten?}

^{Pedestrian signal with push button}^or^{waist height push button.}^{Don’t forget to add the label at the base and not at the button level}

^{Pedestrian signal without push button}

^{Push-buttons for bike riders}

^{Pedestrian signal}

^{Not a pedestrian signal}

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^Tags

^{Pedestrian signal}^{have 2 associated tags further explained below:}

^{The pedestrian signal has a push-button}

^{has button}

^b^{utton waist height}

^{The pedestrian signal has a button at a waist height so it is easier for a wheelchair user to reach it}

^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^Do

^{Pedestrian signal | tag: button waist height}

^Do

^{Pedestrian signal | tag: has button}

^Do

^{Pedestrian signal | tag: has button}

^Do

^{Pedestrian signal | tag: no button}

^Do

^{Pedestrian signal | tag: no button}

^Don’t

^{Push-button for bike riders}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Can’t see the sidewalk}

^{When does it happen?}

^{Sometimes the view of the sidewalk is completely blocked. In}^these^{cases, you should place a "Can't See the Sidewalk" label so it can be manually inspected later on.}

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^{Curb Ramps}

^{Missing Curb Ramps}

^{Obstacle in Path}

^{Surface Problem}

^{No Sidewalk}

^Crosswalk

^{Pedestrian Signal}

^{Can’t see the Sidewalk}

^{Where shall we label can’t see the sidewalk?}

^{Car driving or parked in front of the sidewalk, disabling the view}

^{Pixelated or}^blurry^{image that disables a proper classification}

^{Stretch of sidewalk is totally blocked from view by a short wall or}^vegetation^{between the road and sidewalk}

^{Can’t see the sidewalk}

^C^{an’t see the sidewalk}

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^Do