�Public speaking for technical persons�

Preparation

• First prepare an outline of the speech, lecture, or talk in a logical way. Make a proper sequence of your ideas.
• Check the leads, plugs, sockets, connecting-board pointers, tape recorders, projectors, screen etc. before hand.
• The speech must have a beginning, a middle and a conclusion.
• There should be no deviation from the main themes, no repetition, unless for emphasis. Rehearse the speech to have a proper mental picture of the whole speech.

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The Purpose

• One must know clearly the purpose of the speech, otherwise it will be a haphazard ramble of disjointed ideas; one must ask oneself as to what is the objective of speaking to a particular audience, at a particular occasion

Audience

• A good speaker should always be adjustable to his audience. He must ask himself. “Who are my listeners?” He must never forget that he is giving a live performance.
• Keeping in view the audience, every speaker needs to give a different treatment, expression and vocabulary, to his speech according to the occasion.
• A good speaker must adjust himself to the requirement, background, and level of his audience.

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The Subject

• So, after the purpose has been determined, the scope of the talk establish, and the target audience considered, it is time to think how best to communicate your views.
• Also, one must determine the scope, nature, limitation and the treatment of the subject because the presentation would vary from subject to subject, and also from audience to audience.

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Speaking with Feeling

• Whether it is a highly technical subject matter speech or a general inaugural or valedictory function, a speaker should always evince a feeling for what he is saying.
• If the speaker is not involved., the presentation becomes dull, drab and monotonous.
• Even if the speech has been prepared by someone else read it once or twice to familiarize yourself with words phrases, expressions, pronunciation so the while actually reading them out on the stage, you are not on foreign ground and do not leave a poor impression.

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Fluency

• in simple terms it means using the right word at the right place.
• Fluency adds to the effect of a speech.
• When we have not prepared ourselves well we tend to make unwanted interruptions like ‘Er’ ‘Ah’ ‘Oh’ and sometime for seconds/minutes stop in the middle of the speech.
• ‘You know’, ‘you see’, ‘I mean’, etc.

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Pronunciation

• In speech correct pronunciation is also very important.
• An incorrect pronunciation may convey a wrong meaning or ruin an otherwise impressive speech.

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The Language

• Simplify your language at a general session, but at a technical session, do not beat about the bush with flowery language which may have literary merit but little or no technical substance.
• So, the choice of the language is most important in a speech.
• Do not be casual or vague about them.
• If you are uncertain about a word do not use it. Use words that convey exact meaning and not loose words like nice ‘good’ ‘OK’ etc

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1. Words should suit the occasion and the audience. Avoid informal, colloquial, slang, or sub-standard vocabulary.
2. Do not use loose words. We must use words that give us a definite specific meaning ‘nice’ is a loose word.
3. Be simple and direct. Even in technical speeches be simple and direct instead of editor says that sometime in future the simple phrase of the Bible, ‘Heal the sick’ may be rephrased in this fashion.
4. Do not use a lot of high – sounding bombastic words just to make yourself sound impressive use words with which you as well as the audience is familiar. If you are uncertain about it, drop it.

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Posture

As stressed earlier a speaker on the stage is not only ‘heard’ he is seen also. A sloppy, careless or self-conscious way of standing can mar a good speech.

Points to remember while making announcements and comparing programmes

1.The closer the mike is held to the mouth, the lower should be the voice.

2.When reading, care should be taken not to move the head without moving the mike as these slight variations or movements make a difference in the volume and quality of sound.

3.Care should be taken not to blast out the opening sentence or eating away the last word.

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4.      Sounds such as ‘S’ ‘Z’ ‘Ch’ ‘th’ should be pronounced precisely and cut short when at the end of a word, in order to avoid hissing and dislocation of words.

5.      Letters like ‘B’ ‘P’ ‘T’ are inclined to be eplosive and should be enunciated carefully.

6.      Gasps and gaps must be avoided as they catch the ear of the listener.

7.      Rate of speaking should be even and balanced.

8.      Announcements should not be made either too fast or too slow. There should be proper pauses.

9.      Phrasing and stressing of words should be correct in order to convey a precise meaning of the sentence.

10.  Diction must be correct and precise.

11.  Announcements should be learnt by heart. If read great care should be taken not to sound bookish and mechanical.

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Intonation – Stress – Pause

• In written communication, we express many things like pauses, direct speech, questions, exclamations etc.
• by punctuation mark while in the spoken communication, this is done by intonation that is the rise and fall or rhythm of the spoken words.

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The peroration

• The most important part of a speech is the conclusion.
• “In the end I would like to emphasize’ and speak for another five minutes and then another Idea comes up and he repeats “in the end”
• This makes even a good speech tedious and ineffective and also places a question mark on the common sense of the speaker.

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