HISTORY OF THE TRUMPET

SAMUEL M. KRIEG

Introduction of Topic

• Trumpet Construction

Materials used to make trumpets

• wood, bamboo, bark, clay, human bone, animal bone
• Definition of the trumpet

-Not what its made of, but how its played

Purpose

With the intent of improving music pedagogy and performance, the purpose of this research is to examine the origins of the trumpet by outlining the development of the B-Flat trumpet, examine the history of the trumpet, and demonstrating the impacts of the history of the trumpet.

Problems

1. Outline the development of the B-Flat trumpet
2. Examine the history of the trumpet
3. Demonstrating the impacts of the history of the trumpet

Literature Review

1. The purpose of (A Brief History of the trumpet) was to gain information on the beginning history of the trumpet. It provided insight on how the trumpet first started. The section on the beginning of the trumpet helped construct the beginning of problem one so I could understand what the beginning of the trumpet looked like. I utilized this source for the beginning part of problem one.

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• The purpose of (The mitzvah of sounding trumpets) was to gain an idea of how the trumpet developed from the religious side. This source provided insight on how the trumpet was created in the Bible, how Moshe was commanded by G-d to create the first trumpet. The section of The two silver trumpets was most helpful in the sense that I never knew there were silver trumpets constructed in the Torah. This Source helped my research in this project so I could gain a better understanding religiously for how the trumpet first developed during this time. I utilized this source for the beginning history of the trumpet.

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• The purpose of (The Origins of the Trumpet) was to gain understanding for what happened with the trumpet. This source provided information on how the trumpet first had more notes than the harmonic series. The section on the Haydn Concerto was most helpful as I have done a research paper on the Haydn concerto for trumpet and first learned that the concerto was the first installment of the trumpet having keys. I utilized this source mainly for the end of my problem one to show how the trumpet had keys in its development.

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Methodology

1. Design
1. This research consults text, primary sources, journals, and cd’s to understand the musical characteristics of the trumpet.
2. Instrumentation
1. A template was used to organize the works by title, performing forces, date, publishing information, and catalog number.
3. Analysis
1. In order to understand the history of the trumpet, the researcher compiled information about its history.
4. Public Presentation
1. The researcher presented a public lecture on April 5^th, 2023 at the University of Lynchburg in Lynchburg, Virginia. The lecture included an overview of the need for the study, related literature, methods and findings. The researcher presented recommendations for the history of the Trumpet. The presentation culminated with opportunities for audience questions and feedback.

Problem One�Outlining the Development of the B-Flat Trumpet

• The development of the trumpet started with the ram’s horn as stated in the Torah, Parshat Beha’ Alotecha
• G-d commands Moses to create trumpets
• Used to announce beginning of camp B’nai Yisrael, assemble people, sacrifices of Rosh Chodesh

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Problem Two�Examine the History of the Trumpet

Bugle, Baroque Trumpet

• Harmonic Series
• Bugle follows the trumpet (all metal)
• Middle ages allowed to turn tubing back on itself making it manageable to carry (starting to look modern)
• Longer tubing allowed for increased range of instrument

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Crooks

• Allowed for trumpets (limited to the harmonic series) to play in different keys

-Used for Baroque era music

-Baroque trumpet not the lead voice, however supportive instrument like timpani

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Problem Three�Demonstrating the Impacts of the History of the Trumpet

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• First keyed trumpet (not modern)
• Franz Joseph Haydn’s (March 31, 1732- May 31, 1809) trumpet concerto
• Crafted by Anton Weidinger (June 9, 1766-September 20, 1852)
• Did not take off in popularity
• Valved trumpet was born (rotary)
• Rotary valved trumpet popular in Germany, Austria, and other eastern European countries

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Performance�The Shofar, Modern Bugle, Modern Trumpet

Shofar

-Harmonic series, sound, tone, range

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Bugle

-Harmonic Series, sound, tone, range

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Modern Trumpet

-Chromatic series, sound, tone, range

Conclusions

• In conclusion, the history of the trumpet can be traced from the Torah, to the bugle, to the keyed trumpet, to the modern trumpet. With the trace, we can clearly see how the trumpet evolved into what we know as the modern trumpet with piston valves

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Future Studies

• Creating a trumpet using similar techniques learned in the development

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• Researching the impacts of the trumpet in the classical era or Baroque era

Bibliography

A Brief History of the Trumpet (2019, June 25) Woodwind Brasswind https://www.wwbw.com/the-music-room/a-brief-history-of-the-trumpet#popular

Koehlinger, J. (2021, January, 25) A Brief History of the Trumpet. Vibe Music Academy.

https://www.vibemusicacademy.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-the-trumpet

Pogue, D. (2016, March 26). Understanding the Role of the Trumpet in Classical Music. Dummies. https://www.dummies.com/article/academics-the-arts/music/general-music/understanding-the-role-of-the-trumpet-in-classical-music-142007/

The Origins of the Trumpet. (n.d.) Yamaha. Retrieved October 22, 2022, from https://www.yamaha.com/en/musical_instrument_guide/trumpet/structure/

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britanica (October 10, 2022) Trumpet. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/art/trumpet

Rabbi Fox, B. (n.d.) Parshat Beha’alotecha: The Mitzvah of Sounding the Trumpets. OU Torah.

https://outorah.org/p/239/

Yom Teruah, The Feast of Trumpets: Pay Attention! (September 14, 2020) One for Israel https://www.oneforisrael.org/holidays/yom-teruah-the-feast-of-trumpets-pay-attention/

Trumpet (Baroque) (n.d.) Case Western Reserve University College of Arts and Sciences Retrived October 23, 2022 from https://caslabs.case.edu/medren/baroque-instruments/trumpet-baroque/

Trumpet Magazine (December 12, 2016) The Evolution of Trumpet https://trumpetmagazine.online/en/the-evolution-of-trumpet/

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Who Receives Thanks

• A special thank you to my professors Dr. Chris Magee, Dr. Cynthia Ramsey, my dad Barry Krieg, friends specifically Summer Campbell and Daniel Nagel, Isaiah Romsdahl, and finally my fellow classmates of MUSC 303

HISTORY OF THE TRUMPET

Questions?