PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
An introduction to the Philippine political system
GRADE 12
WHAT WE’LL COVER TODAY
History of Philippine Politics
How the past shaped the country’s politics
Local Governance
How local officials solve local problems
Branches of Government
How each branch of the government does its job
Elections and Political Parties
How citizens choose leaders
Imagine you’re the barangay captain for a day. What’s the first thing you’d do to help your community? Think about the local issues that matter to you.
Get ready to share your answer with the class.
IF YOU WERE
A LEADER...
The Philippines has experienced many forms of government, from colonization to dictatorship, and now a republic. Each chapter shaped the country’s political identity today.
HISTORY OF
PHILIPPINE POLITICS
1898
Independence from Spain
Commonwealth government
Start of Martial Law under Marcos
EDSA People Power and return to democracy
New constitution
1986
1987
1935
1972
BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT
Legislative
Senate
makes the law
enforces the law
interprets the law
President
Supreme Court
Other courts
House of Representatives
Vice President
Cabinet Secretaries
Executive
Judiciary
| KEY POSITIONS | RESPONSIBILITIES |
LEGISLATIVE |
|
|
EXECUTIVE |
|
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JUDICIARY |
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BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT
Do you think political dynasties are bad for democracy in the Philippines?
Pick a side, and think of 1-2 reasons to support your opinion. Then, share your thoughts with your seat mate.
POLITICAL DYNASTIES:
HELP OR HARM?
LOCAL GOVERNANCE
Local governments make sure national programs reach people in their communities.
Based on the 1991 Local Government Code
Power is shared with the local government units (LGUs): barangays, municipalities, cities, and provinces
Empowers local leaders to respond to community needs
ELECTIONS
Every few years, Filipinos vote to choose leaders at both the national and local levels. The Commission on Elections (COMELEC) oversees the entire electoral process.
National
Local
These are groups of people with shared political beliefs, goals, and interests. They work together to influence government and win elections.
POLITICAL PARTIES
The Philippines has a multi-party system, which means many parties compete.
Some form coalitions during elections to boost their chances of winning.
While the state creates and enforces laws, it is the people who give power to leaders through active participation.
Besides voting, citizens can shape politics by:
STATE AND SOCIETY
A RECAP
From colonial rule to democracy, key moments shaped the Philippine political system.
The executive enforces laws, the legislative creates laws, and the judiciary interprets them.
LGUs deliver services and programs that matter locally.
Voting lets citizens choose their leaders. Parties help organize and influence political decisions.
Background of Philippine politics
Branches of government
Local governance
Elections and political parties
— Thomas Jefferson
The government you elect is the government you deserve.
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