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SKILL:�Using Evidence to Support an Argument (SAQ)
Atomic Bomb�August 6, 1945
7.7�Video #3�G. GOV
Explain similarities & differences in how governments used a variety of methods to conduct war.
What we will learn:
Identify & explain new military technology that was developed and used in WWII.
We will be looking at claims & evidence found in SAQs by reading a secondary document by a political scientist and professor at Yale, Rudolph Joseph Rummel.
What we will do:
Review
Today’s Content: Overview
European Theater
Pacific Theater
Today’s Content: Overview
European �Theater
Pacific �Theater
V-E DAY�May 8, 1945
Today’s Content: Overview
V-J DAY�Sept. 2, 1945
But how did the USA get to the point of nuking Japan?
Pearl Harbor
Surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service
December 7, 1941
- Forced the U.S. to immediately declare war on Japan & Germany
- USA → attack cities in Germany & Japan by use of ‘firebombing’
Firebombing of Japan; Tokyo (Germany too)
New incendiary bomb technology (designed to cause fires) that caused destruction by creating massive and uncontrolled fires.
2 min Video
Victory in Europe Day
May 8, 1945
Japanese Military �DID NOT �surrender
The Atomic Bomb → The Newest Military Technology
Manhattan �Project
Einstein 1939�Writes letter to FDR
J. Oppenheimer�Leader of Manhattan Project
1942–1946�Top Secret Project
F.D.�Roosevelt
Total destruction?
Trinity �Test Site
President Truman �(after FDR’s sudden death)
- Ultimately Truman decides to drop the bomb.
- His rationale: end war in Pacific immediately
- August 6, a bomb named ‘Little Boy’ was dropped on Hiroshima
- August 9, a bomb named “Fat Man” was dropped on Nagasaki
Hiroshima before
City of 200,000 people
Dropping the Atomic Bomb
Hiroshima
Nagasaki
Hiroshima After
120,000 people killed (one bomb)
Hiroshima After
Hiroshima After
Hiroshima After
Let’s Practice
Claims & Evidence found in SAQs
Source: R.J. Rummel, Book: Death by Government; he �is an American political scientist
Professor of history at the University of Hawaii
Let’s Practice
Use the passage below to answer all parts the question.
Claims & Evidence found in SAQs
The more power a government has, the more it can act arbitrarily according to the whims and desires of the elite, the more it will make war on others and murder its foreign and domestic rivals. The more constrained the power of governments [democacry], the more it is diffused, checked and balanced, the less it will be aggressive to others and commit mass murder in the name of war. At the extremes of power, totalitarians or communist governments--those led by one-- murder their people by the tens of millions, while many democracies can barely bring themselves to execute even a serial murderer.
Source: R.J. Rummel, Book: Death by Government; he is an American political scientist
The more power a government has, the more it can act arbitrarily according to the whims and desires of the elite, the more it will make war on others and murder its foreign and domestic rivals. The more constrained the power of governments [democacry], the more it is diffused, checked and balanced, the less it will be aggressive to others and commit mass murder in the name of war. At the extremes of power, totalitarians or communist governments--those led by one-- murder their people by the tens of millions, while many democracies can barely bring themselves to execute even a serial murderer.
The more power a government has, the more it can act arbitrarily according to the whims and desires of the elite, the more it will make war on others and murder its foreign and domestic rivals. The more constrained the power of governments [democacry], the more it is diffused, checked and balanced, the less it will be aggressive to others and commit mass murder in the name of war. At the extremes of power, totalitarians or communist governments--those led by one-- murder their people by the tens of millions, while many democracies can barely bring themselves to execute even a serial murderer.
The more power a government has, the more it can act arbitrarily according to the whims and desires of the elite, the more it will make war on others and murder its foreign and domestic rivals. The more constrained the power of governments [democacry], the more it is diffused, checked and balanced, the less it will be aggressive to others and commit mass murder in the name of war. At the extremes of power, totalitarians or communist governments--those led by one-- murder their people by the tens of millions, while many democracies can barely bring themselves to execute even a serial murderer.
B. Explain one historical example of a democratic that committed mass violence that would challenge Rummel's argument regarding democracies and mass violence.
A. Identify one historical example of mass violence that was committed by a totalitarian state in the twentieth century that would support room Rummel’s argument in the passage.
The more power a government has, the more it can act arbitrarily according to the whims and desires of the elite, the more it will make war on others and murder its foreign and domestic rivals. The more constrained the power of governments [democacry], the more it is diffused, checked and balanced, the less it will be aggressive to others and commit mass murder in the name of war. At the extremes of power, totalitarians or communist governments--those led by one-- murder their people by the tens of millions, while many democracies can barely bring themselves to execute even a serial murderer.
SAQ Prompts
A. Identify one historical example of mass violence that was committed by a totalitarian state in the twentieth century that would support room Rummel’s argument in the passage.
The more power a government has, the more it can act arbitrarily according to the whims and desires of the elite, the more it will make war on others and murder its foreign and domestic rivals. The more constrained the power of governments [democacry], the more it is diffused, checked and balanced, the less it will be aggressive to others and commit mass murder in the name of war. At the extremes of power, totalitarians or communist governments--those led by one-- murder their people by the tens of millions, while many democracies can barely bring themselves to execute even a serial murderer.
A totalitarian state that supports Rummel’s argument in 20th century is Nazi Germany.
B. Explain one historical example of a democratic State Committee in Mass violence that would challenge Rummel's argument regarding democracies and mass violence.
B. Explain one historical example of a democratic that committed mass violence that would challenge Rummel's argument regarding democracies and mass violence.
The more power a government has, the more it can act arbitrarily according to the whims and desires of the elite, the more it will make war on others and murder its foreign and domestic rivals. The more constrained the power of governments [democacry], the more it is diffused, checked and balanced, the less it will be aggressive to others and commit mass murder in the name of war. At the extremes of power, totalitarians or communist governments--those led by one-- murder their people by the tens of millions, while many democracies can barely bring themselves to execute even a serial murderer.
The use of the atomic bomb by the U.S.A on Japan during World War II challenges Rummel's argument that democracies will not commit acts of mass violence because the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were deliberate uses of mass violence designed to break the will of the Japanese people by killing over 100,000 plus people, mostly innocent civilians.
TAKEAWAYS
Learning Objective:
Using evidence to answer an SAQ prompt
1. Is the prompt asking for ‘Identify’ or ‘Explain’?
2. If ‘Identify’ all you need to do is name or list your response.
3. If ‘Explain’, you must identify & THEN explain!
1. The use of new atomic weapons that causes mass death & destruction by the United States