1 of 19

2 of 19

STATES OF MATTER

  • The Four States of Matter

​

  • Four States
  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
  • Plasma

​

3 of 19

STATES OF MATTER

  • Based upon particle arrangement
  • Based upon energy of particles
  • Based upon distance between particles

​

​

4 of 19

Kinetic Theory of Matter

Matter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion.

5 of 19

STATES OF MATTER�SOLIDS

  • Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position.

​

  • Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume.

Heat

6 of 19

STATES OF MATTER�LIQUID

  • Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another.

​

  • Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume.

Heat

7 of 19

STATES OF MATTER�GAS

  • Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely.

​

  • Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.

​

Heat

8 of 19

PHASE CHANGES

Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes.

Freezing

Liquid to solid

Heat goes into the solid as it melts.

Melting

​

Solid to liquid

Heat Movement During

Phase Change

Term for Phase Change

Description of Phase Change

9 of 19

PHASE CHANGES

Heat goes into the solid as it sublimates.

Sublimation

Solid to gas

Heat leaves the gas as it condenses.

Condensation

Gas to liquid

Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes.

Vaporization, which includes boiling and evaporation

Liquid to gas

Heat Movement During

Phase Change

Term for Phase Change

Description of Phase Change

10 of 19

But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levels…�between �1000°C and 1,000,000,000°C ?

Will everything just be a gas?

11 of 19

STATES OF MATTER�PLASMA

  • A plasma is an ionized gas.
  • A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields.
  • Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.
  • Plasma is the

common state

of matter

12 of 19

STATES OF MATTER

SOLID

LIQUID

GAS

PLASMA

Tightly packed, in a regular pattern

Vibrate, but do not move from place to place

Close together with no regular arrangement.

Vibrate, move about, and slide past each other

Well separated with no regular arrangement.

Vibrate and move freely at high speeds

Has no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrical charged particles

13 of 19

Some places where plasmas are found…

1. Flames

14 of 19

2. Lightning

15 of 19

3. Aurora (Northern Lights)

16 of 19

The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state

17 of 19

18 of 19

COLD PLASMA

an ionized gas that's cool enough to touch

19 of 19

COLD PLASMA PEN