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UNDERGRADUATE PROJECT I�

Presented by : MUHAMMAD FAISAL BIN ABD BAKI

Supervisor : DR. IR M. NAZRI M. NASIR

DEVELOPMENT OF AUTONOMOUS RC CATAMARAN FOR SURVEILLANCE

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Problem Statement

Objectives

Water pollution issue keep increasing from year to year

Existing assessment method is less efficient on monitoring the water quality

Create a physical boat shell that can hold equipment

Create an autonomous navigation system for the boat

Create water quality monitoring system

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Research Scope

Use only a single propulsion system

Using radio control system

The system must be powered by Lithium Polymer battery

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Water Pollution issues

Monitored from 473 rivers across Malaysia from 2005 to 2017
Decreasing of clean river since 2011
Polluted river increase since 2008

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Current method used to observe water quality

Advantages	Disadvantages
Expensive sensor system secured in vandal-proof shelter	Higher installation cost
Calibration can be done inside the shelter	Required electricity to pump the water
	Pump may be exposed to corrosion and clog with algae or sediment load

Flow-through Monitoring system

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In-situ monitoring system

Advantages	Disadvantages
Required no pump water	Servicing sensors are difficult during flood
Smaller shelter	Water flow cannot be treated to reduce fouling
Low maintenance and installation cost	Sensor are exposed to debris or high flow
Reduced electrical hazard	Shifting of the channel cause the movement of the equipment

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Combined sensor and recording sonde

Advantages	Disadvantages
Flexible location	Data only can be access during site visit
The system well protected from vandalism	Difficult in equipment maintenance
	Data lost when batteries die

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Wireless sensor network

Unmanned Surface Vessel

Advantages

No human intervention
Wireless Real-Time data recording
Low installation and maintenance cost

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Parameter involved in water quality assessment and its sensor

1. Temperature

DS18B20 Sensor

2. Specific Conductance

TDS sensor

3. pH Value

Analog pH meter

Power Supply	3V to 5.5V	3.3V – 5.5V	5 V
Current	1mA	3 – 6 mA
Measurement Range	-55°C to +125°C	0 – 1000ppm	0 - 60˚C & 0 - 14 pH
Response time	<750 ms	-	<1 min
Accuracy	+- 0.5˚C	+- 10% FS (25˚C)	+- 0.1 pH

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4. Dissolve Oxygen (DO) Level

Gravity Analog Dissolved Oxygen sensor

5. Turbidity or Total Suspended Solid

Turbidity sensor

Power Supply	3V to 5.5V	5 V
Current	-	40mA
Measurement Range	0 – 20mg/L	5˚C - 90 ˚C
Response time	90 seconds	<500 ms
Accuracy	+- 0.5˚C	+- 0.1 pH

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Type of hull

Planning Hull

Flat Bottom

Deep Vee Hull

Displacement Hull

Round Bottom Hull

Multi-Hull

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Mechanism to control and navigate a boat

Propulsion system by using propeller
Torque created produces thrust
Produced axial-induced velocity opposite direction of the thrust
During propeller rotation:

Low pressure area created in front of the propeller
High pressure area created at the back of the propeller
It moves boat forward

Fixed-Pitch propeller

Ducted propeller

Airboat propeller

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Turning System using Rudder