1 of 35

QA RESEARCH:

INCREASING COMPLETE FLUORIDE VARNISH APPLICATION IN

GENERASIKU HARAPANKU (GKHK) PROGRAMME

AT KLINIK PERGIGIAN TENGKERA

PEJABAT KESIHATAN PERGIGIAN DAERAH MELAKA TENGAH (PKPDMT)

2 of 35

Dr Siti Amira binti

Ahmad Dardiri

Dr Nur Syareena binti

Tajuddin

Dr Aisyah Badihah binti

Azni

Dr Nurazreen binti

Abdul Rahman

Dr Muhamad Atiff bin

Muhamad Noordin

Dental Officer in

KP Ayer Keroh

Meet the team

Pn Nurul Azah

binti Aziz

Dental Officer in

KP Tengkera

Dental Officer in

KP Ayer Molek

Dental Officer in

KP Peringgit

Dental Officer in

KP Molek

Dental Therapist in

KP Ayer Keroh

2

3 of 35

3

Presentation Outline

  1. Problem Identification
  2. Problem Ranking
  3. Reason for choosing
  4. Introduction
  5. Literature Review
  6. Type of study
  7. Problem analysis
  8. Problem statement
  9. Objectives
  10. Propose Indicator & Standard

11. Process of Care

12. Model of Good Care

13. Remedial action

14. Conformation of MOGC

15. Findings

16. ABNA

17. Next Step

18. Conclusion

19. Gantt Chart

20. References

4 of 35

4

No

Problem

Achievement (Jan 2018)

1

Low number of toddlers with complete fluoride varnish application in Generasiku Harapanku Programme

Standard: 60.0%

Finding: 4.0%

2

High percentage of rejected intra-oral x-ray taken

Standard: 11.0%

Finding: 5.0%

3

Low percentage of patient at outpatient clinic to be attended within 30 minutes waiting time.

Standard: 86.0%

Finding: 79.9%

4

Low percentage of NTR(no treatment needed) in 16 year old patients at school

Standard: 70.0%

Finding:54.9%

Problem Identification

5 of 35

5

NO

TOPIC

VOTE

TOTAL

S

M

A

R

T

1

Low number of toddlers with complete fluoride varnish application in Generasiku Harapanku (GKHK) Programme

13

15

11

7

7

53

2

High percentage of rejected intra-oral x-ray taken

7

11

7

5

6

36

3

Low percentage of patient at outpatient clinic to be attended within 30 minutes waiting time.

7

12

11

12

7

49

4

Low percentage of NTR (no treatment needed) in 16 year old patients at school

10

8

7

5

5

35

Weightage: 1=Low 2=Medium 3=High

Problem Ranking: SMART Criteria

6 of 35

6

Reason For Choosing

Technique

7 of 35

7

Introduction

28.7%

30.6%

2015 National Oral Health Survey of Preschool Children

Caries-free prevalence among 5 year-old

Caries-free prevalence among 5 year-old

(NOHPS)

7 of 10

Preschool children have caries

8 of 35

8

Generasiku Harapanku (GKHK) Programme

Established in October 2015

Early Oral Health Intervention done in this programme

Lift the Lip

Fluoride Varnish

Anticipatory Guidance

1

2

3

Toddler adoption programme by Dental Officers & Dental Therapist

Moderate

High

Caries Risk

0-4

Years Old

3-6

monthly

Follow up

Until 6 years old

9 of 35

MARINHO ET. AL (2013)

Concluded their updated review remain the same as those when it was first published in 2002 and suggest a substantial caries-inhibiting effect of fluoride varnish in primary teeth. [3]

WEINTRAUB ET. AL (2006)

Claimed that fluoride varnish added to caregiver counselling was effective in reducing early childhood caries incidence. [2]

MARINHO ET. AL (2002)

Found that fluoride varnish application applied professionally two to four time in a year would substantially reduce tooth decay in children. [1]

Literature Review

[1] Marinho et al.(2002) Fluoride Varnish for preventing dental caries and adolescents(Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Review. Retrieved from https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD002278/abstract

[2] Weintraub et al.(2006) Fluoride Varnish Efficacy in Preventing Early Childhood. Retrieved from Carieshttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/154405910608500211.

[3] Marinho et al. (2013) Fluoride Varnish for preventing dental caries in children and adolescent (Updated Review). Retrieved from https://www.cochrane.org/CD002279/ORAL_fluoride-varnishes-for-preventing-dental-caries-in-children-and-adolescents

[4]Su et al (2019) The effect of fluoride varnish Duraphat in preventing deciduous dental caries in preschool children Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31080999

[5] Oral Health Division, Mninstry of Health. National Oral Health Survey of Preschool Children 2015 (NOHPS 2015) Volume 1: Oral Health Status and Caries Treatment Needs. MOH/K/GIGI/5.2017(RR0

COMPLETE FV

4

3-6

times of Fluoride Varnish application

monthly

[5]

Stick to tooth surface

Increase contact duration on enamel

Act as slow releasing reservoir of fluoride

Aid in resistant to acid attack

Prevent tooth decay

SU ET. AL (2019)

Concluded that fluoride varnish is effective in decreasing caries incidence.[4]

10 of 35

10

Cross sectional (Jan-Dec 2018)

Toddlers who have caries and fail to attend appointment

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

Type of Study

11 of 35

11

Low Number of Complete Fluoride Varnish in GKHK Programme

Poor Follow Up System

Inefficient method of follow up through phone call

List of patients who missed appointment unavailable

4

Poor Promotion

Outdated promotion materials

Lack of interaction with parents

3

Lack of Dedicated Operators

Lack of time

Lack of soft skills

1

Unclear with mission & vision

Lack of Parent’s / Guardian’s Cooperation

2

Lack of time

Forget appointment

66.7%

41.7%

41.7%

90%

75%

91.7%

50%

58.3%

66.7%

based on questionnaires to operators & phone call interviews to parents

Problem Analysis

12 of 35

2

3

4

5

1

To increase complete fluoride varnish application among toddlers in GKHK Programme

GKHK is an intervention programme to increase caries free

prevalence among toddlers 0-4 years old through fluoride

varnish application 3-6 monthly until reach 4 times application

Factors contributed to the problem were lack of dedicated operator, lack of parents / guardian cooperation, poor follow up system and poor promotion of programme

Low percentage of caries free among toddlers when they reach 5 years old

Low number of toddlers with complete fluoride varnish application in GKHK Programme

Problem Statement

Introduction

Problem

Effect

Problem causes

Aim of study

12

13 of 35

13

GENERAL

Objective

To increase number of toddlers with complete fluoride varnish application in GKHK Programme

SPECIFIC

Objective

To determine the factors that causes low number of complete fluoride varnish application

2

To determine number of toddlers with complete fluoride varnish application in GKHK programme

1

To recommend and institute remedial measures on how to increase number of toddlers with complete fluoride varnish application

3

To evaluate the effectiveness of the remedial measures taken

4

Objectives

14 of 35

14

Indicator

Formula

Standard

Percentage of toddlers GKHK with Complete FV

Total number of toddlers GKHK with complete FV x 100

——————————————————

Total number of participated toddlers GKHK

60%

Based on Plan of Action PKPDMT & Pelan Strategik JKNM 2018-2022

4 times of fluoride varnish application

Indicator & Standard

15 of 35

15

Screening toddlers

0-4 years old

Indicated for

GKHK?

Caries risk assessment

Parents or guardians' consent

FV 1 application done

Appointment card given

Treatment record

FV 2 / 3 / 4 application done

Data recorded in GKHK/BKPNM/02

Follow up appointment after 6 month

Caries free?

Data recorded in database DB18

& GKHK/BKPNM/03

End

outpatient clinic

Disqualified from GKHK

but follow up review every 6 month

No

Yes

No

Yes

Process of Care

Follow up until 6 years

(FV if needed)

16 of 35

16

No

Procedure

Criteria

Standard

Pre-remedial

1

Screening toddlers as early as 6 month old

Toddlers screened during outpatient clinic, KKIA, KD, daycare and kindergarten from age 6 month old to 4 years old who are caries free .

100.0%

75.0%

2

Caries risk assessment

- Case chosen according to Appendix

1a (Caries Risk Assessment).

- Indicated case has moderate or high caries risk.

100.0%

66.7%

3

Parents or guardian's consent

- Program details explained to parents or guardian.

- Consent form filled in and signed by parents or guardian (GKHK/BKPNM/01)

100.0%

100.0%

Model of Good Care (MOGC)

16

17 of 35

17

No

No

18 of 35

18

19 of 35

1

2

3

4

Specific Slot for GKHK in Daily Schedule

Home Visit

Whatsapp Bluestacks

GKHK Dedicated Squad

Remedial Actions

19

20 of 35

To cater the problem:

Consist of Dental Officers &

Dental Therapists

ECO-TRAINING

FOLLOW UP PATIENT

PATIENT LIST

  • through phone calls and whatsapp bluestack
  • do home visit

about GKHK that include:

  • the mission and vision
  • child behaviour management
  • monthly data collection

Database DB18

Printed list of patients who missed appointment

responsible to sort out & produced printed list of all the patient who missed appointment from our database DB18.

GKHK Dedicated Squad

Lack of Dedicated Operators

1

20

21 of 35

AM

PM

GKHK

slot

Mon

Tue

Wed

Thu

Fri

am

Dr Aishah

Dr Ding

Dr Ainin

Dr Wafiy

Dr Aishah

pm

Dr Fatin

Dr Sim

Dr Khor

Dr Lee

Dr Ong

GKHK Specific Slot in

Daily Operator Schedule

Lack of Dedicated Operators

1

Sort out Patient who missed appointment using DB-18

Call or whatsapp parents for appointment reminder

Assesing new toddler for

GKHK

Updating DB-18

To cater the problem:

21

22 of 35

To cater the problem:

patients' card were organized according to same specific location

home visit in group of 2 or 3 with driver

fluoride varnish application

dental health education

BK 8- appointment

letter note

BK 8 was left inside letter box

Home Visit

22

23 of 35

  • Android emulator that allow us to used any application include WhatsApp in desktop computer without using a smart phone

interesting infographic materials

remind parents about appointment date

Whatsapp Bluestacks

  • Interaction with parents become easy
  • Parents become more interested to come for follow up

To cater the problem:

23

24 of 35

24

No

Procedure

Criteria

Standard

Pre-remedial

Post-remedial

1

Screening toddlers as early as 6 month old

-Toddlers screened during outpatient clinic, KKIA, KD, daycare and kindergarten from age 6 month old to 4 years old who are caries free

100.0%

75.0%

91.7%

2

Caries risk assessment

-Case chosen according to Appendix 1a (Caries Risk Assessment).

-Indicated case has moderate or high caries risk.

100.0%

66.7%

83.3%

3

Parents or guardian's consent

-Program details explained to parents or guardian.

-Consent form filled in and signed by parents or guardian (GKHK/BKPNM/01)

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

Conformation MOGC

25 of 35

25

No

Procedure

Criteria

Standard

Pre-remedial

Post-remedial

4

FV 1 application

Following procedures done:

-lift the lip

-anticipatory guidance (AG)

-fluoride varnish application

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

5

Appointment card given

Follow up appointment given 6 month from date seen.

100.0%

75.0%

91.7%

6

Treatment record

Treatment done recorded in patient's card (LP8)

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

7

Data recorded in GKHK/BKPNM/02

Details of toddler's name, parents' name, address, contact number, date FV done recorded in this form

100.0%

80.0%

100%

26 of 35

26

No

Procedure

Criteria

Standard

Pre-remedial

Post-remedial

8

Data recorded in GKHK/BKPNM/03 & Database DB18

-number of GKHK toddlers adopted and number of FV done are compiled in this form.

-date of current visit recorded and date of next appointment visit automatically generated

100%

100.0%

100.0%

9

Follow up appointment after 6 month

-Procedures as in No. 4 are repeated.

-If caries noted, toddlers are terminated from GKHK but still under follow up appoinment under outpatient clinic for FV or filling.

100%

70.0%

100.0%

10

FV 2 / 3 / 4 application done

Complete FV application

60%

4.0%

26.3%

27 of 35

27

Month

January 2018

Jan-June 2018

July-December 2018

Achievement

29/727 x 100 = 4.0%

116/681 x 100 = 17.0%

164/623 x 100 = 26.3%

� Percentage of Toddlers with Complete Fluoride Varnish Application

Sustainability

28 of 35

28

ABNA= 56%

ABNA = 33.7%

4%

26.3%

60%

% toddlers with complete FV

Achievable Benefit Not Achieved (ABNA)

29 of 35

Complete FV vs Caries-free Toddlers

4%

39.2%

26.3%

58.7%

29

30 of 35

30

Increase complete fluoride varnish application up to 60% by 2020 according to Plan of Action PKPDMT

Continuous closed monitoring and achievement through periodically meeting to meet Pelan Strategik JKNM 2018-2022

Implemented in all dental clinics in Melaka

By August 2019, Melaka adopted 25,417 toddlers

Next step

31 of 35

31

Conclusion

  1. Increased number of complete fluoride varnish application in GKHK programme from 4% to 26.3% after remedial measures have been taken.
  2. ABNA has been reduced from 56% to 33.7%
  3. All standards in the MOGC were improved as well following implementation of remedial measures

32 of 35

32

Gantt Chart

33 of 35

33

1) Jamil, A. et al. (2012) QA Workbook: The Problem-Solving Approach. Shah Alam, Selangor: IHSR MOH.

2) Marinho et al. (2002) Fluoride Varnish for preventing dental caries and adolescents (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Review. Retrieved from https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD002278/abstract

3) Weintraub et al. (2006) Fluoride Varnish Efficacy in Preventing Early Childhood. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/154405910608500211.

4) Oral Health Division, Ministry of Health. National Oral Health Survey of Preschool Children 2015 (NOHPS 2015) Volume 1: Oral Health Status and Caries Treatment Needs. MOH/K/GIGI/5.2017(RR)

5) Marinho et al. (2013) Fluoride Varnish for preventing dental caries in children and adolescent (Updated Review). Retrieved from https://www.cochrane.org/CD002279/ORAL_fluoride-varnishes-for-preventing-dental-caries-in-children-and-adolescents

6) Su et al (2019) The effect of fluoride varnish Duraphat in preventing deciduous dental caries in preschool children Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31080999

References

34 of 35

34

  • Timbalan Pengarah Kesihatan Negeri (Pergigian): Dr Muhamad bin Mahadi
  • Senior District Officer (Daerah Melaka Tengah) : Dr. Nurul Ashikin binti Husin
  • QA District Coordinator : Dr Quake Puay Tin
  • All Staff in Klinik Pergigian Tengkera
  • Those who contributed directly or indirectly in this project

Acknowledgment

35 of 35

35

Thank You