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Presented by:

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Welcome!

Today’s plan:

Sexually Transmitted Infections
Communication Skills
Questions and Answers

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Write down your questions!

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Let’s get those giggles out!

Semen

Penis

Vaginal sex

Discharge

Oral sex

Anal sex

Anus

Vagina

Mucosal skin

Condom

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Sexually Transmitted Infections

01

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Sexual Transmitted Infections (STIs)

These are no medical cures for these diseases, and they last for a very long time.

Many start with the letter H.

Viral Infection

Curable and usually treated with antibiotics, but can lead to serious medical problems

Bacterial Infection

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Myths and Facts about the spread of STIs

I can't get an STI from oral or anal sex.

Two condoms at once are better than one.

If I am in a relationship, I do not need to worry about STIs.

I feel fine. I know I don't have an STI.

FALSE

Animations play up down then next column.

I can’t get an STI from oral or anal sex - recall mucosal skin! You can get an STI from oral, anal, or vaginal sex (anytime your mucosal skin is coming into contact with someone else’s mucosal skin or bodily fluids)
If I am in a relationship, I do not need to worry about STIs. Partners may have had sex in the past with other people who weren't tested or partner may not be faithful.
Two condoms at once are better than one. I like that you want to be as careful as possible, but in this case, two is not better than one. This can actually increase the friction between the condoms and make them more likely to tear.
I feel fine. I know I don't have an STI. Most people with STIs (and who spread STIs) don’t know they have an infection because they don’t have any symptoms. Teens have high rates of STIs and, again, most are without symptoms.

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Myths and Facts about the spread of STIs

If my partner has an STI, I'll definitely be able to see it.

You can only get STIs from semen.

Oral sex isn't real sex so it's safer.

FALSE

If my partner has an STI, I'll definitely be able to see it. Same with the last one, there's often no sign that a person has an STI. Even doctors often can't tell by looking if someone has an STI. They need to do tests, like bloodwork. You can carry and spread an infection even if you feel completely healthy.
You can only get STIs from semen. STI's are transmitted via contact between mucosal skin!! (mouth, eyes, genitals) and bodily fluids (blood, semen, vaginal fluid) and occasionally skin-to-skin contact. It’s extremely unlikely that you could contract an STI from a toilet seat. 7. Oral sex is still SEX. It is very possible to get STIs from oral sex. But you all are going to know how to make safe choices by the end of this!
Oral sex isn’t real sex so it’s safer. Oral sex = sex. It is very possible to get STIs from oral sex.

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How are STIs spread?

STIs are spread by having unprotected oral, anal, or vaginal sex

During unprotected sex, bodily fluids like semen and vaginal fluid are exchanged between partners.

If the bodily fluids come in contact with mucosal skin or skin that has a cut in it, the fluids can infect the other partner.

Because key words are great for catching your audience’s attention

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BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

Curable and usually treated with antibiotics, but can lead to serious medical problems

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CHLAMYDIA

Most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in the US

Signs of infection?

The most common symptom is NO SYMPTOM!
Males: Burning with peeing, needing to urinate more often, “milky” or clear discharge from penis
Females: Burning with peeing, needing to urinate more often, milky vaginal discharge, cramps in lower stomach or back, changes to your period or bleeding between periods

Why is it important to identify and treat?

Females: Can cause pelvic inflammatory disease and inability to have kids
Males: Can cause epididymitis and inability to have kids

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GONORRHEA

Signs of infection?

The most common symptom is NO SYMPTOM!
Males: Burning with urination, thick foul-smelling discharge from penis
Females: Burning with urination, thick foul-smelling discharge from vagina, cramping in lower stomach or back, bleeding in between periods

Why is it important to identify and treat?

Females: Can cause pelvic inflammatory disease and inability to have kids
Males: Can cause epididymitis and inability to have kids

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SYPHILIS

Signs of infection?

Early sign: Painless sore on the penis, around the anus, in the vagina, on external female genitalia or in mouth
Later signs: Rash on palms, bottoms of feet, chest and back

Why is it important to identify and treat?

Without antibiotics, syphilis can eventually cause damage to organs, blindness and even insanity
Pregnant women can pass syphilis onto their babies, which can lead to birth defects

http://www.merckmanuals.com/media/professional/photos/media/photos/syphilis_secondary_hands.jpg

Most common symptom?

NO SYMPTOM

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Bacterial Infections

Gonorrhea

Syphilis

Chlamydia

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VIRAL INFECTIONS

These are no medical cures for these diseases, and they last for a very long time.

Many start with the letter H

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HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV)

What is it?

Affects around 50% of sexually active men and women at some point in their lives
Can cause genital warts, cervical cancer, and other cancers
Infection through unprotected sex and/or skin-on-skin contact with genital warts

Signs of infection?

Small bump or group of bumps on or around the genitals
Often, NO symptoms are present

How can we prevent it?

HPV vaccine (Gardasil) for both males and females will prevent the types that cause cancer.

How can we treat it?

Many people clear the virus without any symptoms, but others do not.
Warts can be removed at a doctor’s office, but removal does not get rid of the virus.

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HERPES

What is it?

Virus spread by unprotected sex, skin-to-skin contact, or genital-to-mouth contact
Two types:

Type 1: mouth (usually)
Type 2: genitals (usually)

Signs of Infection?

Most people do not have symptoms all the time, or even most of the time
Small, painful sores or blisters
Itching or burning before an outbreak of blisters

How can we treat it?

No cure.
Medication from your doctor can reduce the number of outbreaks

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HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)

Virus that takes over the immune system,

making it harder to fight other infections

HIV is spread through body fluids

Sharing infected needles (blood)
Vaginal, anal and oral sex (semen, vaginal secretions)
Childbirth (passed from mother to baby) or breastfeeding

Signs of Infection?

Early: flu-like symptoms
After flu-like symptoms go away, there are often NO SYMPTOMS.

How to treat

Medications are expensive and must be used forever.

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ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)

What is AIDS?

If untreated, HIV develops into a condition called “AIDS” once the immune system has become severely damaged
A person with HIV/AIDS can become very sick and die from simple infections like the flu.

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HIV/AIDS

Who should be tested for HIV/AIDS?

Anyone who has had unprotected sex (heterosexual or homosexual)
Anyone with a history of IV drug use and needle sharing

The risk of getting HIV is higher if someone has had

any other STI.

No one is immune from HIV or AIDS, and there are no vaccines.

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Viral Infections

Herpes

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

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In 2021, there were

4,300 new cases

of Syphilis, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and HIV among 15-19 year old’s.

Shelby County is the #1 county in the country for STIs.

STIs in Shelby County

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How can you prevent the spread of STIs?

Abstinence is always 100% effective.
Always use a condom, if you are having oral, vaginal, or anal sex.

Some infections are lifelong.
Some infections can lead to inability to have kids.
No condoms = “NO!”

Testing is the only way to know your status!

All infections can be treated with medicines to make the disease less serious.
Require your partner to get tested.
No STI testing = “NO!”

Things that will NOT reduce risk of STIs:

Birth control pills, patch, ring, shot, implant, IUD
Incorrectly used condoms

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Another way: CONDOMS

How are they used?

Male condom: Latex or polyurethane barrier applied to penis
Female condom: Latex or polyurethane barrier placed in vagina
Should be used for vaginal, oral, and anal sex
Only one condom should be used at at time!

Pros

The only contraceptive method that prevents pregnancy AND STIs.
Free or low cost at Health Department or most OB/GYN clinics,

$1 per condom at convenience store

Must be used consistently and correctly

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Male Condom: Application

Use only 1 condom at a time.
Check date of expiration and check wrapper for any tears or defects. Make sure you can feel an air bubble. Do not use your teeth to open the wrapper.
Place condom on tip of erect penis with the ROLLED side out.
Unroll the condom all the way to the base of penis.
After sex, hold rim of condom in place. Face away from your partner and remove condom.
Dispose of used condom in the trash. Do not flush. DO NOT use it again!

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FYI!

Although condom use decreases the risk of contracting and spreading an STI, abstinence is the only way to completely reduce the risk of getting sexually transmitted infections.

Abstinence = no vaginal, anal, or oral sex

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Pregnancy Prevention

Choosing not to have sex is a 100% guaranteed way to prevent pregnancy

Prevents STIs &

pregnancy

Only prevents pregnancy, not STIs

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STI Testing

Get tested!

Different kinds of tests:

Urine Test
Blood Test
Swab Test: Mouth, Vagina, Penis

Why get tested?

Most common symptom is…?
Getting tested is the only way to know if you or your partner has an STI.

Respect yourself
Respect your partner

Where can I get tested?

Refer to our resource slide!

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If you think you could have an STI:�Your doctor is the best resource!

All STI Testing:

Christ Community Health Services (Free!), www.ChristCommunityHealth.org or 901-271-6300

Memphis Center for Reproductive Health (Free!) , www.mcrh-tn.org or 901-274-3550

Planned Parenthood (Free!), www.plannedparenthood.org/memphis or 901-725-1717

Shelby County Health Department ($10)

http://www.shelbycountytn.gov/index.aspx?nid=850 or 901-222-9876

HIV Testing:

Friends for Life (Free!), www.fflmemphis.org or 901-272-0855

South Memphis Alliance (Free!), www.smaweb.org or 901-774-9582

Memphis Gay and Lesbian Community Center (Free!), www.outmemphis.org or 901-278-6422

REMEMBER EVERYTHING IS PRIVATE!

Borrowed from our friends at:

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Relationships

and Communication

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What are some words that describe:

Loving

Kind

Trusting

Supportive, builds you up!

Respect one another's decisions

Respect one another's health by getting tested

Good communication!

Cuts you off from your friends

Tries to control other person

Dishonesty

Brings you down

Pressures you to have sex before you're ready or not use a condom

Poor communication!

Healthy Relationships?

Unhealthy Relationships?

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Communication and Negotiation

Ways to communicate:

Aggressive = Bossy, loud, angry

- makes others feel hurt

Non-assertive = unclear, indirect, no eye contact

- makes others feel confused

Assertive = clear, confident, good eye contact

-makes others feel respected

It is best to use the assertive style!

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Scenario #1

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Scenario #2

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Rape, Abuse & Incest

National Network (RAINN)

National Sexual Assault Telephone Hotline

https://www.rainn.org

1-800-656.HOPE (4673)

CONSENT

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Questions?

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Follow us on Instagram!

@s2s_memphis

DM us your questions and we will answer on our page!

No one will know you asked a question! All questions will be kept confidential and anonymous.

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Thank

you!

Please keep this slide for attribution.

Additional references:

Thank you to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (cdc.gov) for providing the information on STIs for this PowerPoint!

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik.