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The great book �of butterflies

Butterfly effect

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Authors:

  1. Joanna Duroł, class 1A/Primary School in Czarny Bór/Poland
  2. Paulina Kurowska-Loryńska, class 2E/Primary School in Ruś/Poland
  3. Iwona Pawłowska, class 2B/Primary School in Rostarzewo/Poland
  4. Małgorzata Reszko/SP 6, Gniezno/Poland
  5. Zeynep Özdemir, Mustafa Ayşe Altun Primary School, Turkey

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Authors:

6. İlknur ŞAHİNASLAN/Akkapı Primary School � Adana/Turkey

7. Beata Minta , class 3c/SP3 Koźmin Wielkopolski/Poland

8. Sedat ŞEKER-Yeniköy İlkokulu 2-A � KOÇARLI/AYDIN/TURKEY

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Lemon latollist is one of the largest representatives of butterflies of the white-lined butterfly (Pieridae). We can meet adult butterflies in early spring, as soon as the snow melts. The male is lemon-yellow in color, the female is whitish with a slight shade of yellow. Adult insects fall into a state of rest twice - in summer sleep and winter sleep.

The characteristic feature of this butterfly is the shape of its wings - they resemble leaves.

Lemon lemons - a harbinger of spring

Joanna Duroł, class 1A/Primary School in Czarny Bór/Poland

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Swallowtail butterfly

Papilio machaon

Paulina Loryńska/SP Ruś, kl. 2E/Poland

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The monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) can travel up to 4,000 kilometers when flying south. It is the only insect that migrates so far in the world. Every year, the monarch's butterflies travel several thousand kilometers, from Canada and the North of the United States to their Mexican and Californian wintering grounds. It is the longest migration of this type on Earth. It is the mass migrations of the monarch butterfly that make it such a popular and interesting insect.

Iwona Pawłowska/Kl 2B Rostarzewo/ Poland

Monarch, Danaid Danaus plexippus

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M. Reszko/SP 6 Gniezno/Poland

The Apollo is one of Europe's largest butterflies; wingspan is up to 8 cm. Are only 800-1000 of them, they are under strict protection it has characteristic eyes on its back wings. The edges of its wings are without pollen= the name non-pollinator. Its body is covered with hairs, which protects the butterfly from the cold there are only 800-1000 of them, they are under strict protection they live in Poland in the Pieniny Mountains they eat sedum.

Parnassius Apollo

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Blue Morpho Butterfly

Zeynep Özdemir, Mustafa Ayşe Altun Primary School, Turkey

Its wingspan is approximately 12 cm, and its dorsal forewings and hindwings are a bright, iridescent blue edged with black, while the ventral surfaces are brown.Its iridescents wings are an area of interest in research because of its unique microstructure.Due to its characteristic blue color, Morpho menelaus is considered valuable among collectors and was widely hunted in the 20th century.However, deforestation remains the main threat to the survival of this species.

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Pachliopta aristolochiae (Common Rose)

It has been observed from Sri Lanka, India, to Central China. Its wings are 80-100 mm. . The red arm is a black butterfly. There is a black and white area on the hind wing. Exterior example of a crimson or brownish-red mottled hind wing. The redness of its trunk is the prevailing factor in its name, Common Rose, meaning "common rose".

İlknur ŞAHİNASLAN/Akkapı Primary School Adana/Turkey

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Mieniak

There is no need to convince anyone that butterflies are attracted by the scent of flowers or sweet fruit. However, many of them have completely different tastes. This group includes one of the most beautiful and mysterious Polish butterflies - miniaki.

Beata Minta/Kl. 3c/ Koźmin Wlkp./Poland

Apatura ilia, Apatura iris

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Atlas Moth

The world's largest butterfly is known as the 'Atlas Moth'. Its wingspan can reach up to 26 centimeters. It is the largest butterfly in the world but also one of the shortest-lived butterflies because it lacks a mouth structure. That's why he doesn't have the ability to feed. It stores the food it eats in the caterpillar stage. When this warehouse is finished, it ends its life. During this period 6 or 8 days. On the tip of its wings, there are snake-head-like patterns that help it protect it in this short life. Other animals, seeing the snake head on the wings, do not approach the butterfly, thinking that there is a poisonous snake there.

Sedat ŞEKER-Yeniköy İlkokulu 2-A KOÇARLI/AYDIN/TURKEY

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Butterflies are the second largest group of insects. These insects flew among the dinosaurs, they have been around for over 200 million years! There are as many as 150,000 of them around the world. Butterflies occur on all continents except Antarctica. They are also important indicators of the state of the natural environment. Due to their sensitivity to changes in the environment, studying butterfly populations can provide information about the health of ecosystems.

Facts about butterflies

Kl. 3c/SP3 Koźmin Wielkopolski/Poland

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The butterfly's body is made of three parts, and the whole body is covered with a protective shell. The head has eyes, antennae and a developed suction cup, which is very characteristic of these organisms. Thanks to it, insects can collect the nectar of flowers on which they feed. The body of a butterfly has a pair of wings and usually three pairs of legs. At the very end there is the last part of their body - the abdomen.

Body structure of butterflies

kl. 1A/Primary School in Czarny Bór/Poland

forewings

head

antenna

hindwings

abdomen

thorax

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Butterflies and moths undergo a complete metamorphosis, which means there are four separate stages in the life cycle (egg, larva, pupa, and adult). Each stage looks completely different and serves a different purpose in the life of the insect.

Butterfly Life Cycle

Kl. 2E/SP Ruś/Poland

larva

egg

pupa

adult

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The basis of the diet of many butterfly species is flower nectar. When drinking nectar, butterflies use the sugars and other minerals contained in it. This gives them the strength to fly, and in the case of species that hibernate as adult butterflies, they also accumulate fat reserves, which allows them to wake up only next spring.

Butterflies' food

Sedat ŞEKER-Yeniköy İlkokulu 2-A/ KOÇARLI/AYDIN/TURKEY

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Caterpillars are the larvae of moths and butterflies.. After hatching, caterpillars spend the first two weeks munching everything on their path. Butterflies are particular about where they lay their eggs because caterpillars begin eating where they hatch. Caterpillars hatch with strong mandibles and begin chewing on leaves and flowering plants. Caterpillars do not drink water but instead eat more leaves when thirsty.

What do Caterpillars eat?

Zeynep Özdemir, Mustafa Ayşe

Altun Primary School, Turkey

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The wings consist of a delicate scaffolding called veins, between which there is a membrane covered with scales. They are responsible for the delightful colors of butterflies. However, they are attached to each other very delicately, so they fall off easily. For this reason, despite the great desire to touch a butterfly, it is better not to do it. The wings can be damaged very easily!

Amazing wings

Kl. 2B/Primary School in Rostarzewo/Poland

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Every year, the extraordinary Monarch butterfly goes on a long journey across North America - sometimes from Canada to Mexico! Okay, so how do butterflies not lose their way while flying? They don't have a compass or a map, so how do they know where to fly? Butterflies use the sun to navigate. By tracking the angle of sunlight, they can determine their location.

Real travelers

Małgorzata Reszko/SP 6, Gniezno/Poland

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Thank You