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NC Listening Tour Data Release

Amplifying the voices of NC’s parents and childcare providers

NC Child, CANDL, & TLG │ May 2023

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Program Objective:

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CANDL and NC Child would like to move towards a publicly funded system in NC, where education (ECE) is a public good and is equitable, culturally responsive, and early childhood relevant to parents, teachers, and providers.

To ensure that the voices and needs of parents, teachers, and providers are heard, a listening tour will be conducted of focus groups among these stakeholders across the state. The goal of the listening tour is to listen to and more fully understand the wants and needs of stakeholders when it comes to ECE.

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Methodology

Six Pilot Sessions Across 3 counties:

February 2022

49 Listening Sessions Across 30 counties:

March 2022-February 2023

  • Gather preliminary findings & understand how discussion and logistics could be optimized before rolling out throughout rest of state
  • Each session facilitated by experienced facilitator from community
  • Discussion tailored based on needs of group
  • Conducted either in-person, virtually, or a hybrid and recorded
  • Each participant received an honorarium and typically provided a meal in appreciate for their time and perspective

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Number of Respondents

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Respondent Type

Base Size

Parents / Caregivers

302

Childcare Providers

212

Total

514

Race

Base Size

Asian

6

Black / African-American

191

Indigenous

5

Latinx / Hispanic

83

Multiracial / Multicultural

9

Person of Color

11

Not part of the BIPOC community / White

123

Number of respondents by race does not equal total number of respondents; some counties were missing demographic information on all or some of their respondents, so those numbers are not included in this chart. Identity is recorded as respondent recorded it, either as a write-in or a drop-down box in the respondent form.

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Overall Findings Across the State

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  • IDEAL CHILDCARE
  • Trust
  • Affordability
  • Availability
  • Across all counties who participated in the listening sessions, parents and providers define QUALITY CHILDCARE as a three-legged stool.

Without one of these legs, childcare is closed off to parents, or parents must settle or make hard sacrifices.

Providers aim to provide these same three factors to their parents and are frustrated when they cannot.

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  • Trust
  • Affordability
  • Availability
  • Passionate, loving teachers

  • Well-trained providers

  • Provider reputation

  • Childcare reliability

  • Representation & Diversity

  • Vouchers

  • Free or low-cost childcare options

  • Provider grants and funding

  • Well cared for providers

  • Short transportation times

  • No wait lists

  • Accommodating childcare hours

  • Resources in multiple languages

  • Centralized information

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I haven’t felt enough trust to leave my children in a daycare. There are people who sometimes don’t have the love or the preparation. It would be better to leave them somewhere where the teachers love what they do.” �– Hispanic Parent, Mecklenburg County

Parents have to trust you. These are their children, especially when it's their first child. They have to trust you...That parent-teacher rapport has to be good.” - Provider, Hertford County

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Parents want to know that their child will be safe, well-cared for, and learn new things. Trust manifests differently for parents and providers:

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  • Well-trained providers

  • Provider reputation

  • Childcare reliability

  • Representation & Diversity

  • Passionate, loving teachers

  • Parents want providers who love what they do and want to be there for children. This energy is usually the basis for a trusting relationship among parent-provider-child.

  • Many parents and providers think of each other as family because of the close bonds they form with one another and with the child.

  • And providers recognize that you must love this profession in order to stick with it for so many years. One of the issues with finding staffing is the lack of providers who are passionate about this calling.

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Parents want to know that their child will be safe, well-cared for, and learn new things. Trust manifests differently for parents and providers:

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  • Provider reputation

  • Childcare reliability

  • Representation & Diversity

  • Passionate, loving teachers

  • More than a babysitter. Parents want to know that providers are properly trained in ECE and can teach appropriate social, emotional, and behavioral skills to students. Providers want to be seen as more than a babysitter; they both want children to create a solid foundation for life-long learning.

  • Parents want to be sure that providers are properly trained and able to deal with children with special needs and abilities, such as autism and Down’s Syndrome. Those providers who care for children with special needs also want more training in this area to be the best teacher they can be for these children.

  • Well-trained providers

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Parents want to know that their child will be safe, well-cared for, and learn new things. Trust manifests differently for parents and providers:

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  • Childcare reliability

  • Representation & Diversity

  • Passionate, loving teachers

Many parents rely on the word of mouth and recommendations from family and friends to find a provider, because:

    • They trust first-hand accounts more
    • Most don’t know where to access information about providers

Providers understand how important that word of mouth reputation is, which is why they spend so much time looking for the right staffing needs for their center or home.

Many wish there was a centralized location where they could find information about the providers.

  • Well-trained providers

  • Provider reputation

“Word of mouth is strong, in these circles, and Google reviews. And having professionals say they're trusted, and to hear those stories or reasons they're reputable. We all want children safe. We get to hear everybody else's story and their opinions.” – Parent, Watauga County

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Parents want to know that their child will be safe, well-cared for, and learn new things. Trust manifests differently for parents and providers:

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  • Representation & Diversity

  • Passionate, loving teachers

Trust means the provider being open when they say they will and having consistency of staffing.

Staffing turnover erodes trust because it means parents have to start over in building and establishing a relationship with the provider.

Many in-home providers often forgo their own medical needs because it would otherwise mean having to close for the day, which would impact their reliability and parent trust.

  • Well-trained providers

  • Provider reputation

  • Childcare reliability

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Parents want to know that their child will be safe, well-cared for, and learn new things. Trust manifests differently for parents and providers:

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  • Passionate, loving teachers

Parents want to see themselves and their child represented by the provider:

Speaking the same language: parents and providers want to be able to communicate with one another and to preserve language fluency in children.

Respecting diversity: parents want their child (and themselves) to be respected no matter their language, background, or skin color, adding to safety and trust.

Celebrating diversity: parents would like providers to celebrate different holidays and customs.

  • Well-trained providers

  • Provider reputation

  • Childcare reliability

  • Representation & Diversity

“Being a mother and grandmother of biracial children, the need for multiple races for children is key. You need to have that component in childcare. And we don't have many African American teachers who want to go into childcare and it needs to happen. As a result, the trust factor is not there. With so many biracial children, they need both of those components to build that trust.” – Parent, Polk County

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  • Trust is often strongest in the in-home or kin care setting.
  • Star ratings do not translate to trust and are often a barrier to childcare.
  • Strong bond among parent, child and provider creates more trust.

  • Settings often have fewer children, more attention paid to the child, and more flexibility for parents.

"I wish I had the opportunity to drop my kid off with a friend or other kids they know in a safe home.” – Parent, Madison County

  • Vast majority of parents are either not aware of star ratings or do not use it as an indicator of trust.

  • Some see stars as inequitable because providers with more stars are more expensive and not all providers have opportunity to earn stars.

The more stars the more expensive. I know someone who provides in-home didn't have the time or money to get the five-star rating. We don't care about stars anymore. You're talking about families who don't have the financial resources and then you're saying in order to get quality you have to pay way more.” �– Parent, Polk County

"I have good family support with my mom and dad, but I don't want to be a burden with them in their older years." – Parent, Avery County

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  • Barriers to childcare trust

What is needed to address these barriers?

Availability of, and accessibility to, in-home or kin care

  • Lower barriers to entry to allow more availability of in-home and kin care providers
  • Allow voucher use for in-home and kin-care providers at the same rate and allowance as traditional centers to create more equity in access
  • Lower barriers and burden for these providers to access star ratings and funding

Star ratings creating an inequitable system for both parents and providers

  • Re-examine how “quality” is defined in QRIS so that it better aligns with parents’ definition of quality (i.e., trust factors)
  • Provide funding to help centers earn star ratings
  • Ensure four-and-five star facilities accept children from all backgrounds to ensure diversity, representation, and equity in highly rated centers

Representation and diversity of children within the classroom

Lack of a centralized portal with information about childcare and parent resources

  • Increase equity in the accessibility of childcare so that children of all backgrounds and races are together and learning from one another
  • Ensure more providers of different backgrounds and who speak different languages are entering ECE
  • Work with the community and/or state to create an easy-to-access online portal for both providers and parents.

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“It's hard to be middle class and childcare being $2,000 a month. So, I stayed home and struggled. I didn't work, there was no point. With the voucher, I'm able to work now. It's easier to be poor or to be rich. It's hard to be middle class.” - Parent, Hertford County

“It’s helpful when the state pays the parent fees or gives more funding to the daycares like they did with the COVID grant. Some parents still haven’t started paying parent fees. I’m still waiving those because we have some grant money left and I’m helping parents out.” – Director, Robeson County

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While few parents mention sacrificing food or shelter for childcare, childcare costs mean parents often sacrifice other bills or pursuit of dreams / careers to keep their job that pays the childcare bills.

  • Free or low-cost childcare options

  • Provider grants and funding

Childcare subsidies (vouchers) do not adequately meet parents’ needs and some find that they are discriminatory.

  • Many families struggle to pay the parent fee, especially when they have to account for other family expenses. And some make just over the threshold to qualify for vouchers.

  • Many find it difficult to qualify for vouchers.

  • Vouchers create a social stigma.
  • Vouchers

Some of us are doing the best we can and trying to do better. I'm in school full-time and I work, and I coach, and I have two kids. We don't get those resources because we're a couple hundred dollars over each month.” – Parent, Buncombe County

“I went to apply, but I was asked for tax papers, and it depends on the income. So, for that issue, they didn’t call me. I think my child would have enrolled, but since they asked for the taxes, they didn’t call me.” – Hispanic Parent, Wilson County

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While few parents mention sacrificing food or shelter for childcare, childcare costs mean parents often sacrifice other bills or pursuit of dreams / careers to keep their job that pays the childcare bills.

  • Provider grants and funding

The high cost of childcare means that parents often decide not to work in order to provide their own childcare. Some parents are proud of this decision, as they want to be in control of their child’s experiences, education, and exposure.

However, many parents feel they don’t have a choice: they would prefer to work and provide better financial stability for their family, but the cost of childcare means most of their paycheck would go towards childcare.

Some trade off duties with the other parent or partner. This can create significant mental and emotional strain.

  • Vouchers

“I’m having to provide childcare myself. My husband is often gone a lot because of his military job. I do a lot on my own with no family and little community. I’m 24/7 attached to a toddler with just no break. I feel he would probably do better with some care outside of the home but finding something that works, that is affordable, is a challenge. I just need some mental time.” – Parent, Hartnett County

  • Free or low-cost childcare options

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While few parents mention sacrificing food or shelter for childcare, childcare costs mean parents often sacrifice other bills or pursuit of dreams / careers to keep their job that pays the childcare bills.

  • Provider grants and funding

Those who do work find that the cost of childcare significantly cuts into their paycheck, meaning they cannot be as financial independent as they would like.

They must keep a close eye on the budget or forgo medical needs in order to afford childcare.

Those with inconsistent income struggle to piece together childcare so they can look for work. This can be expensive and add to financial strain.

  • Vouchers

“The cost of childcare is so high. It’s hard to piece it together when my income isn't consistent. I have people that can pitch in, which I am grateful for. It's really hard to just go to an interview. How are you supposed to get a job when you don't have care? You don't want to put your child into just any facility. You want to be able to trust the facility.” – Parent, Durham County

  • Free or low-cost childcare options

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While few parents mention sacrificing food or shelter for childcare, childcare costs mean parents often sacrifice other bills or pursuit of dreams / careers to keep their job that pays the childcare bills.

Many providers worry about the future, once COVID grant money runs out. Providers often need additional funding or grant money to pay for expenses and staff and rely on funds to stay open. Some use grant money to help parents with their parent fees (those on vouchers).

Qualifying for grants is an ongoing burden for providers and directors. This adds to their mental strain and burnout, especially as they feel an obligation to be open for parents and children.

  • Vouchers

“If the government finds the funds to support our industry, then we will be open and be able to meet the needs of all families. We can't do our jobs of having fully opened classrooms if we don't have the workforce to man them. We can't get the workforce without the funds. We were already at crisis level for staffing, but then if that [COVID grant] money disappears, we're going to hit a new crisis level.” – Provider, New Hanover

  • Free or low-cost childcare options

  • Provider grants and funding

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Star ratings contribute to the high cost of childcare, discriminating against lower-income families and putting providers at a disadvantage.

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  • Some providers stive to keep prices low to cater to parents of all income levels. However, this impacts their ability to receive stars and impacts perceived quality of childcare.
  • Staffing shortages impact star rating. Providers struggle to keep up funding and may not have enough funding to pay staff more, which impacts star ratings.
  • Providers feel the state caters more to those centers who have 4 and 5 star ratings. Providers want more equity among providers and work as an industry to lower childcare costs.

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"When they started the Smart Start program, they were going to cater to all children 0-5 but now it's only for star ratings. We don’t get the star ratings to keep our rates low so all parents can afford us." �– Provider, Forsyth County

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"How are we going to remain a five-star daycare when we can't keep the staff and can't pay them? If we pay them good, we can keep them. Everyone is getting raises except in daycare.” – Provider, Richmond County

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We make education a competition. We all need to be on the same platform. Childcare is competing based on price. Make it so we charge the same and make it easier for us.” – Director, Gaston County

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  • Barriers to childcare affordability

What is needed to address these barriers?

The high cost of childcare that impacts parents’ ability to work and to become financially independent

  • Raise awareness to legislators and policymakers about the cost of childcare, the impact on families, and the economic opportunity cost on the state
  • Lower cost of childcare across the board, whether through expanded use of vouchers or through a publicly funded system
  • Allow childcare providers and centers to work together to create more equity and stability in childcare costs

An outdated and ineffective voucher system

  • Increase education around voucher availability and qualification
  • Raise the earnings ceiling for voucher qualification
  • Allow vouchers to be used for all childcare settings, including in-home or kin care. Ensure equitable reimbursement rates across settings.
  • Ensure all parents have access to vouchers
  • Allow an unemployment grace period with vouchers
  • Expand the number of centers who accept vouchers so parents don’t have to tradeoff quality for affordability

The use of star ratings to allocate funding to providers or set childcare pricing

Availability of childcare centers hinging on grant opportunities

  • Provide incentives / require highly rated star centers to accept vouchers and/or families from all socio-economic backgrounds
  • Provide funding to help centers earn star ratings
  • More equitable grant allocation so all centers have access to funding
  • Ensure grants are given for longer periods of time
  • Address staffing shortages and pay issues to eliminate grant needs

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“Every childcare provider I know has a second job, so they aren't getting paid enough. Our society is missing the public investment in ECE. If our society valued it and made the investment like they do in K-12. ECE doesn't have that at all. They think it's a babysitter. But they are teachers, they are educators. It is a school.” �– Parent, Buncombe County

"What the community is lacking is the real understanding of what it means to be a childcare provider, to be a teacher. It is not a drop-off center, a babysitting situation. Sometimes I think the respect for what we do is not valued. Which is why we are one of the most underpaid professions you can have." – Provider, Cabarrus County

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A shortage of childcare options across the state is driven by lack of centers / facilities and staff shortages. This fuels long wait lists, both for facility and in-home care.

There is high turnover in the industry because providers are burned out and undervalued.

Providers feel underappreciated by the community, state, and some parents.

Providers are overwhelmed because they don’t have all the resources and trainings to help them succeed in their role. They need mental health resources, which are scarce.

Providers are undervalued and are not paid according to the value they provide.

  • Short transportation times

  • No wait lists

  • Accommodating childcare hours

  • Resources in multiple languages

  • Centralized information

  • Well cared for providers

“When you have undiagnosed children [in the classroom] it can be very hard, especially if you’re the only teacher in the classroom and dealing with your own emotions that come with that. If we could have resources for mental health, it would create better stability and produce a better teacher for children.” – Provider, Hartnett County

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A shortage of childcare options across the state is driven by lack of centers / facilities and staff shortages. This fuels long wait lists, both for facility and in-home care.

In those counties with fewer childcare options, the distance between home, work, and childcare can be a burden and deter parents from seeking outside childcare options.

Parents often drive up to 30 minutes to access childcare, impacting finances (gas money) and work hours.

Issue is worse when childcare has limited hours or is a NC Pre-K classroom that follows school hours. This shortened day, impacted by long travel times, means parents are limited in their job opportunities.

  • No wait lists

  • Accommodating childcare hours

  • Resources in multiple languages

  • Centralized information

  • Well cared for providers

"We are driving 30-45 minutes each way to get our kids to childcare and my child is only there three hours. The resources are not abundant within Madison County.” – Parent, Madison County

  • Short transportation times

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A shortage of childcare options across the state is driven by lack of centers / facilities and staff shortages. This fuels long wait lists, both for facility and in-home care.

Staffing shortage and limited childcare options in some counties create extremely long waiting lists.

Waiting lists create stress and frustration for parents, as it limits employment opportunities and contribute to inequities in access.

Some feel the difficulty in opening in-home centers contributes to childcare shortages in their county.

Parents and providers feel the waiting lists create a sense of competition and elitism among centers: the more highly valued centers have the long wait lists, which means they can charge more.

  • Accommodating childcare hours

  • Resources in multiple languages

  • Centralized information

  • Well cared for providers

  • Short transportation times

  • No wait lists

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A shortage of childcare options across the state is driven by lack of centers / facilities and staff shortages. This fuels long wait lists, both for facility and in-home care.

More flexible and non-traditional childcare hours are needed to service a wider parent population.

There is a large population of parents who just need part-time care or care that is available outside of 7:00am-6:00pm. This includes parents who work in the service industry, who have third shift jobs, or work in the gig economy.

Without flexible or non-traditional hours available, parents often rely on drop-in centers and family / kin care, which may be expensive and places additional burden on family and friends.

  • Resources in multiple languages

  • Centralized information

  • Well cared for providers

  • Short transportation times

  • No wait lists

  • Accommodating childcare hours

I work third shift. If I don't have the ability to have anyone watch her, I have to schedule around my older kids to watch her. Because I don't have anybody to watch after her.” – Parent, Lenoir County

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A shortage of childcare options across the state is driven by lack of centers / facilities and staff shortages. This fuels long wait lists, both for facility and in-home care.

Immigrant parents, or those parents who do not speak English fluently, often feel that childcare options are not available to them.

Parents struggle to find information about childcare options and resources about financial assistance for childcare in Spanish.

Most providers in centers do not speak Spanish (or other languages) fluently. Relying on children, Google Translate, or a single translator in the facility doesn’t create trust, inclusion or belonging.

Some parents need legal status to enroll child, which prevents some families from looking into ECE options.

  • Centralized information

  • Well cared for providers

  • Short transportation times

  • No wait lists

  • Accommodating childcare hours

  • Resources in multiple languages

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A shortage of childcare options across the state is driven by lack of centers / facilities and staff shortages. This fuels long wait lists, both for facility and in-home care.

Counties and the state lack a centralized location to access information about childcare and childcare assistance resources.

Parents wish there was a place to find information about childcare options and parents resources. They currently rely on word of mouth or do their own research.

Providers also wish they had a centralized location of information to assist parents. They often do their own searches or pull together information based on their own networks.

  • Well cared for providers

  • Short transportation times

  • No wait lists

  • Accommodating childcare hours

  • Resources in multiple languages

  • Centralized information

There is no central portal for parents who need respite care or mom’s day out. We're scouring social media to find events to our parents or to refer them to a center with a half day program or special needs. We'd love to partner to send those parents elsewhere but no portal that provides that information we can provide. Everyone is using tech, but no one is using one central place for everything. If we had that, it would make it easier to parents to find options for whatever their needs are.” – Provider, Cumberland County

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  • Barriers to childcare availability

What is needed to address these barriers?

Staffing shortages and high turnover within the childcare industry

  • Elevate importance of the childcare provider and demonstrate the value that they bring to a community
  • Provide mental health support and resources to providers
  • Provide access to trainings that tie to the individual classroom needs
  • Provide comparable benefits to public school teachers, including health insurance and retirement
  • Increase the wages for providers

Long wait times for childcare centers, which adds stress and limits employment options for parents

  • Increase the number of centers within a community; reduce the “red tape” for in-home centers
  • Increase the number of providers in the industry

Long distances to / from centers, resulting in long transportation time

Lack of non-traditional hours at a childcare center

  • Increase number of centers, especially rural communities
  • Work with communities to equitably distribute centers within a county

  • Incentivize centers to provide flexible and/or non-traditional hours to cater to parents who need it

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The responsibility of childcare and ECE falls disproportionately on women, which has implications on their financial independence and ability to pursue their dreams.�

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Our state’s childcare crisis is also a crisis among women and is contributing to female burnout.

When childcare scarcity means a parent must sacrifice not working, that responsibility almost always falls on the mother. This holds women back economically.

Almost all of the providers who participated were female. Some feel the lack of respect and devaluation of their worth is because they are not seen as the heads of households and so their contribution to the family income is deprioritized.

"Childcare work is emotionally taxing. It's historically been 'woman’s work' and underpaid." – Provider, Cherokee County

"Many staff in this field are heads of households. There's a misconception that the women in this field are second income. Acknowledge that we are either the only income or the primary income. We need health insurance for us and our family." �– Provider, Henderson County

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Childcare barriers are more pronounced in the western counties, with greater stress and frustration among parents and providers.

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  • Trust
  • Affordability
  • Availability

Star ratings are meaningless in counties which already have few childcare options.

Parents struggle to afford childcare and vouchers aren’t an option for some parents who need them.

Providers struggle to keep up with their own funding in order to stay open. They cannot increase prices and there is a lag in voucher reimbursement.

The western part of the state is a childcare desert, meaning many parents stay home with their child out of necessity, not choice.

Parents highly value Head Start and Early Head Start, but access is limited in this part of the state.

“I had a daycare that I loved [in a different county]. It's hard to find the same kind of care here. I don't care about ratings. I care about my child being taken care of.” - Parent, Polk County

"It's hard to get educators to go back to school for the classes to get a better star rating. Educators have family and there isn't time.” – Provider, Clay County

"What we get paid went up 5% based off 2015 data. A 7-year delay for data." �– Provider, Cherokee County

"We figured out that my child needed glasses at two years old because of Head Start."

– Parent, Avery County

"If the Federal government doesn't grant funds for Early Head Start then the State or Local governments need to step up!" �– Provider, Graham County