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Module 1

SYSTEM APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT

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System approaches to management�

  • Organization is a set of parts
  • Interrelated parts
  • Each part represents a department/ subsystem
  • If one fails , totally reflects all sections

Organization : HR, Marketing, production etc

Again marketing divided in to : sales , advertisement etc

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Cont.

  • System

Subsystems

System approaches : Open loop & closed loop

Input

Process

Output

Feedback

Environment

Input : Information,

Technology , raw material

Transformation

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Open loop

  • Interacts with environment exchanging information and resources. It is adoptable and responsive to changes in external environment.

Eg:- Customer centric organization

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Focus on understanding and responding to customer needs and feedback adapting products & services. Eg:- Software development, supply chain management

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Closed system management

  • A closed system is isolated from its environment.
  • It operates independently without external influences or interactions , While this approach offers control & predictability , it can be rigid & inflexible.

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Eg :- Traditional manufacturing assembly lines. These often operated in a controlled environment with minimal external inference, focussing on efficiency and output

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Comparison

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Conclusion

  • 4 parts

Input : Resources

Output : products & services

Transformation process : Technology and man resourses

Feedback : Out effects of input