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Design And Economic Feasibility Of A Solar Powered Atmospheric Air Water Generator

Presented By:

Mohamed Medhat
Mohanad Ayman
Mohamed Saber
Ziad Abdel-Nasser

Supervised By:

- Dr.Noha Glal

- Dr.Mona Ibrahim

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Outline :

Introduction ( process , Cycle )
Comparison
Solar energy
Feasibility Study
Conclusion
Future work & Recommendation.

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Introduction

What is Air to Water Generator
Process & Cycle
Humidity.

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Atmospheric to Water Generator �

Introduction :

An atmospheric water generator (AWG) is a device that extracts water from humid ambient air.

This provides the potential to expand water availability during shortages, contamination events, and other issues that can interrupt drinking water services.

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Cycle & Process

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Compressor

Pumps

Diaphram Pump

Waste water tank

Evaporator

Filter

Their machine

16L , per day

1800W

12hrs in the 24

21.6 kw.h

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COMPARISON BETWEEN WIND HARVESTING AND SOLAR HARVESTING .

The reason in changing the harvesting method from the wind to the solar was due to harvesting by the geographical purposes and to make sure it is efficient
Both have different specifications and every source has its place to be more efficient than the other .

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Similarity

The process in which these mechanisms gather and store energy also shows a similarity between the two. Both solar and wind energy generators utilize a battery system in which they store gathered energy also controller and Inverter .

Both of them are renewable.

both wind energy and solar energy cause almost no pollution to the environment.

both of them don’t produce carbon dioxide, which do not cause the greenhouse effect.

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Solar Energy	Wind Energy
Solar Panels has less cost maintenance solar panel requires minimal maintenance ( annually )	Highly maintenance cost due to the complication of the design and wear of the mechanical parts .
life span of solar panels are more by 10 years than the life span of the wind mills	Hard to construct and install
solar panels are easier to install	Stable at one place
can be portable	The wind mill depend on mechanical
solar panel depend on electronic features	Wind turbines generate electricity using similar principles as fossil fuel production, just using a different fuel source
production levels can vary depending on how clear the sky is	wind mills exert noise pollutions at 100 db.
Solar is silent	can become a source of income in rural areas and
There are no moving parts so The energy is easy to generate and transport. Solar energy is the most abundant energy resources that human can make use of.

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Solar panel and solar energy

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Solar energy and solar panels are the way to the future way to produce electricity solar energy is non ending source of power and It has no harm on the environment.

Solar panels are the physical components to convert the energy coming from the sun into usable electricity, this is the vision of the future to have a healthy planet and non-ending source of electricity.

Why solar panel and solar energy ?

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We chose the solar energy as a renewable energy method on our project to test and justify how important the solar energy to our daily uses. And to see if it is feasible to work with it or not.

In consideration Egypt is a Middle Eastern country and the sun is always showing so harvesting electricity through the solar panels will not be an issue.

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What does a solar panel consist of ?

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Types of solar panels

Monocrystalline	Polycrystalline	Thin film
Pure silicon	Melted silicon crystals	Variety of materials
24.4 efficiency	19.9 efficiency	18.9 efficiency
Moderate cost	Least expensive	Most expensive
Longest lifespan	Moderate lifespan	Shortest lifespan

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Solar panel specifications

PV arrays

Inverter

Battery

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PV array

PV panels consist of a number of individual cells connected together to produce electricity of a desired voltage
A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity

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How does a solar panel work?

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A solar cell is essential a PN junction with a large surface area.

The N-type material is kept thin to allow light to pass through to the PN junction. Light travels in packets of energy called photons.

The generation of electric current happens inside the depletion zone of the PN junction

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Inverter

An inverter accomplishes the DC-to-AC conversion by switching the direction of a DC input back and forth very rapidly

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Battery and battery controller

A solar battery simply stores the energy generated by the solar panels in your energy system.
any excess power is delivered to the battery by the battery controller so they don’t get overcharged get overcharged

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Car battery vs. solar batter

Although car batteries and solar batteries are similar, they aren't the same. Each battery type has a different purpose. While a car battery helps start the engine of a car but at the end it will be able proof the cycle

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Specification of our solar panel ?

Maximum power: 540 watt

Maximum voltage : 40.70 V

Maximum current: 13.27 A

Weight : 28 kg

Operating temperature: 40-85 C

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Why did we choose Monocrystalline pv array ?

Monocrystalline solar panels have the highest efficiency rates.

This high efficiency rate means they produce more power per square foot, and are therefore very space-efficient.

Monocrystalline solar panels tend to be more efficient in warm weather. It is made of pure silicon, has the most moderate cost and longest lifespan

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Solar panel prices

Pv panels	15,390	3x pv panels
inverter	2,800	DC Inverter 1 kW
battery	1,200	2 Battery

Total = 19,390 EGP

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Feasibility study

Market Analysis

Company point of view

Customer point of view

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2 L/day

8L/day

1L = 4.5 L.E

36 L.E/day

≈ 1,080 L.E/Month

=13,140 L.E/Year

=197,100 L.E/15 years

Our prototype is more feasible

Market Analysis

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Customer point of view

Power input = 900 watt

Working hour = 12 hours

Power consumption = 10.5 kWh

Price = 38,000

MPS Air To Tap16 Atmospheric Water Generator

Model ATT16 working by electricity grid

Output = 16 Liter/day at 80 % humidity

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Power consumption = 10.5 kWh
Cost of electricity = 1.26 L.E/kWh
Price of the machine = 38,000 L.E
Maintenance = 1000 L.E

A/P, 18%, 15 =0.1964
Water production rate = depends on the operating area relative humidity
Water production cost = how the machine cost to produce 1 liter of water

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The Prototype we are working with

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Power input = 1800 watt

Working hour = 12 hours

Power consumption = 21.6 kWh

Price = 35,000

Output = 16 Liter/day at 80 % humidity

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component	price	specs
filter	1,750	7-Stage Water Filter System
condenser	1,560	AC Condenser
compressor	1,000	Sanden type 7H15- 8061 for Moxy AC COMPRESSOR
evaporator	425	Air Conditioner Evaporator
pv panels	15,390	3x pv panels
inverter	2,800	DC Inverter 1 kW
battery	1,200	2 Battery
welding	1,332	SIMDER Arc Welder 130Amp 110V 220V Stick MMA Welding
ref gas	500	REFRIGERANT GAS R134a IN 0,900Kg RECHARGEABLE CYLINDER VALVE
plastic tank	210	16 L Plastic Tank for water storage
water pump	300	DC 12V 60W Motor High Pressure Diaphragm Water Self Priming Pump 4.0L-Min
welding rods	133	Forney 31101 E6011 Welding Rod, 3/32-Inch, 1-Pound
piping	57	Water Filter Pipe 1/4 inch size 10 meter
plastic elbow	70	5 elbow for water filter
faucet	25	Plastic Faucet - 1/2 Brass Thread Plastic Faucet
5 water valves	100	PureSec Water Storage Tank Ball Valve 3/8 inch O.D.RO Tubing x 1/4 inch female pipe thread Push-Fit Elbow Shut-Off Valve
seal	92	industrial Sealant Tape, -212 to 500 Degree F Temperature Range, 3.5mil Thick, 520" Length, 3/4" Width
Total Price	26,944

Prices of our prototype components

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Price of the machine = 38,000 L.E
Maintenance = 1000 L.E
A/P, 18%, 15 =0.1964
Water production rate = depends on the operating area relative humidity

Water production cost = how the machine cost to produce 1 liter of water

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Prices of water/liter of the solar powered prototype

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City	Cairo	Alexandria	Sharm EL shikh	Marsa Matroh
Humidity	60	74	45	78
Output	11 L/Day	14 L/Day	7 L/Day	15 L/Day
Price Of water/Liter from electricity grid	3.31 L.E	2.6 L.E	5.2 L.E	2.42 L.E
Price Of water/Liter Solar power	1.96 L.E	1.54 L.E	3.08 L.E	1.43 L.E

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Conclusion

At the end of this study case, we concluded that using the atmospheric water generator by solar energy is feasible due to the numbers we have, as the solar energy was the best renewable energy to use due to the geographical aspects as having high humidity in Alexandria and almost having sunlight throughout the four seasons of the year.

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Future work & Recommendation

the future work will be creating a production line for producing a trade mark water company that focuses on a marketing plan and 100 % water filtration and the source of the water will be 100% of the solar energy that we tested in this project , the Solar panel AWG .
Economically , By creating mass production , solar panels expenses will be less than buying a single solar panel or single component by approximate 25 % of the cost .
A better filter could be use for better water quality as bottled drinking water.
Use a fan to make a Forced Convection System for the AWG to make it more efficient .
2^nd power source could be used temporary for the worst case scenario .