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Four (4) Types of Governments

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“Who” has the right to rule?

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OR…...

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Governments can be categorized as monarchies, dictatorships, theocracies, and democracies

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categories may overlap and labels may not accurately represent how every government functions...

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The extent of citizens’ liberties and responsibilities varies according to limits on governmental authority

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Government Type 1

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Monarchy…

  • One of the oldest forms of government

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Monarchy

  • The Monarch inherits their power
  • If the monarch dies, leadership GOES TO ONE of THEIR CHILDREN OR CLOSE RELATIvES
  • They are called kings, queens, emperors, sultans, pharaohs, tsars and more...

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Monarchy

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  • Citizen’s rights and liberties depend on the monarch’s power
  • Monarch with more power = citizens with little (limited) freedom
  • Monarch with little (limited) power = citizens with more freedom

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Monarchy

  • Some monarchs have absolute power
  • Absolute power is a form of government in which one ruler has supreme authority and where that authority is not restricted by any written laws
  • Too much power

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Monarchy

  • The divine right of kings...It asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving his/her right to rule directly from the will of God.

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Monarchy

  • In earlier days, monarchs use to have absolute power and owned all the public lands
  • Pharaohs in ancient Egypt claimed to be representatives of the Gods on earth

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Monarchy

  • Other monarchies are limited by a constitution EX: Hammurabi
  • Nowadays, even governments like Britain, sweden and spain have kings who are nominal heads of state
  • Still… it is their signature that turns a bill into a law

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Government Type 2

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Dictatorship

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A dictatorship is a form of government where a country is ruled by one person or one political body and is exercised through various ways to ensure the body’s power remains strong

(They will do anything to keep the rule)

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Dictatorship

  • Absolute power is practiced
  • Absolute power is a form of government in which one ruler or political body has supreme authority and where that authority is not restricted by any written laws

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Dictatorship

  • They may inherit their power...but usually…….
  • power is gained through force and everyone has to follow their policies
  • They are the “big bully”

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Dictatorship

  • The military may seize power and establish a dictator
  • Dictators are free to do as they please
  • Citizens have very few rights

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Dictators...

  • One advantage…
  • Decisions are made quickly
  • In ancient rome, Romans appointed a “temporary” dictator in times of war...to make fast decisions

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Some modern day dictators...

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He's A Mean One...

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Before the Change...

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Adolf Hitler

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Joseph Stalin

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Benito Mussolini

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Fidel Castro

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Saddam Hussein

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Kim Jong-Il

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Can you guess the most recent one?...

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Kim Jong-un

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Government type 3

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Theocracy

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  • Government is run by religious leaders
  • Government claims to be directed by god
  • Religious beliefs are determined by the leader
  • Citizen’s liberties are limited

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Theocracy

  • No separation between church and state
  • Citizens of other faiths are often excluded or expelled or worse

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Theocracy

  • In ancient times, rulers were priests
  • In the middle ages, the head of the catholic church; popes, ruled vast territories in italy

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  • In Iran, the state religion is Islam, and the head of the country is the Grand Ayatollah.
  • In Vatican City, the state religion is Roman Catholicism, and the country's leader is the Pope.

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  • Most theocracies (Religious Governments) in the world are governed by Islamic leaders

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Theocracy

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Government type 4

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Democracy

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Democracy

  • A democracy is a government of the people, by the people and for the people
  • Here, citizens of the country can run for public office
  • People enjoy freedom

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Democracy

  • Government authority is based on the will of the people
  • We get to vote on issues or vote for people to lead us
  • Freedom to criticize government

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Democracy

Direct Democracy

  • Voting for an issue directly
  • Example… a levy or a tax

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Democracy

Representative democracy

  • Vote for people to represent or lead us
  • Example… a congressman or governor or student council member

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No More Kings

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Democracy

  • The first known democracy arose in ancient athens
  • Citizens of ancient athens assembled to make important decisions
  • “Democracy” in greek means...people-power

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Democracy

  • Different social groups in ancient rome elected their own representatives
  • They were called the senate

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Democracy

  • We live in a democracy
  • We experience much personal liberty and freedom
  • We all have a voice

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The end